The unwinding of yen carry trades fueled the market selloff, driven by hawkish signals from the Bank of Japan and mounting US recession fears. On July 31, Japan unexpectedly raised interest rates by 15 basis points, the first hike in 30 years, exceeding market expectations and causing a sharp yen appreciation. US non-farm payroll data for July, released on August 2, missed forecasts, heightening recession concerns and sending US Treasury yields down. Traders had exploited cheap yen loans to invest in higher-yield markets for carry trade gains. However, with the yen strengthening, US stocks declining, and Treasury yields falling, carry trade profits were squeezed, prompting a reversal.