Stock Market Terms 1-30
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The following are 30 commonly used stock market terms and their descriptions, providing a comparison between Chinese and English, and an introduction in Chinese.
1. Stock
• Description: Represents part of the company's ownership. Buying shares means becoming a shareholder of the company.
2. Dividend
• Description: Profits distributed by the company to shareholders are usually paid on a quarterly basis.
3. Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E Ratio)
• Description: The ratio of a company's stock price to earnings per share, used to assess whether a stock is overvalued or undervalued.
4. Price-to-book ratio (P/B ratio)
• Description: The ratio of the company's stock price to its net assets per share reflects the market value of the company's assets.
1. Stock
• Description: Represents part of the company's ownership. Buying shares means becoming a shareholder of the company.
2. Dividend
• Description: Profits distributed by the company to shareholders are usually paid on a quarterly basis.
3. Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E Ratio)
• Description: The ratio of a company's stock price to earnings per share, used to assess whether a stock is overvalued or undervalued.
4. Price-to-book ratio (P/B ratio)
• Description: The ratio of the company's stock price to its net assets per share reflects the market value of the company's assets.
5. Market Capitalization (Market Cap)
• Description: The company's total share capital multiplied by the share price indicates the company's market value.
6. Bid Price
• Description: The buyer is willing to pay the price to buy the stock.
7. Ask Price
• Description: The seller is willing to accept the price at which the shares are sold.
8. Bullish
• Description: Bullish on the market or stock, and think the price will rise.
9. Bearish
• Brief: Bearish on the market or stock; think the price will fall.
10. Liquidity (Liquidity)
• Description: The ability of assets in the market to be traded quickly without significantly affecting the price.
11. Trading volume (trading volume)
• Description: The number of stocks traded in a specific period of time to measure market activity.
12. Limit Order (Limit Order)
• Description: Set an order for the highest or lowest price to buy or sell a stock.
13. Market Order
• Description: A buy or sell order that is executed immediately at the current market price.
14. Stop loss order (Stop Loss Order)
• Description: Set an order to automatically sell stocks at a certain price to limit loss.
15. Bonds
• Description: A debt instrument issued by a company or government. Investors lend money to the issuer by purchasing bonds.
16. Index (Index)
• Description: An indicator that reflects the overall performance of a specific market or industry, such as the Dow Jones Index or the S&P 500 Index.
17. Diversification
• Description: A strategy to reduce risk by investing in different assets or industries.
18. IPO (Initial Public Offering)
• Description: The process of a company issuing shares to the public for the first time, usually used to raise capital.
19. Blue Chip Stock
• Introduction: Shares of well-known large companies with stable performance, good reputation, and usually high dividends.
20. Growth Stock (Growth Stock)
• Description: Company stocks that are expected to increase rapidly in future profits usually do not pay dividends.
21. Value stock (Value Stock)
• Description: Stocks that are priced below their fundamental valuation usually have a lower price-earnings ratio.
22. Shareholder Equity
• Description: The net value of the company's total assets minus total liabilities is the shareholders' portion.
23. Financial Statements • Description: Includes balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement, reflecting the company's financial situation.
24. Cash Flow
• Description: The company's cash flow in and out during a specific period of time reflects the company's liquidity and operating conditions.
25. Leverage
• Description: A strategy to increase return on investment through borrowing, but it also increases risk.
26. Bear Market
• Brief: The overall decline in market prices usually lasts for a period of time, reflecting pessimism.
27. Bull Market
• Brief: The overall rise in market prices usually lasts for a period of time, reflecting optimism.
28. Arbitrage
• Description: A strategy to profit by taking advantage of price differences in different periods or locations in the market.
29. Net Profit (Net Income)
• Description: The company's remaining profit after deducting all expenses and taxes is an indicator of the company's profitability.
30. Capital Gain
• Description: Profit from the appreciation of investment assets, such as profits from rising stock prices.
• Description: The company's total share capital multiplied by the share price indicates the company's market value.
6. Bid Price
• Description: The buyer is willing to pay the price to buy the stock.
7. Ask Price
• Description: The seller is willing to accept the price at which the shares are sold.
8. Bullish
• Description: Bullish on the market or stock, and think the price will rise.
9. Bearish
• Brief: Bearish on the market or stock; think the price will fall.
10. Liquidity (Liquidity)
• Description: The ability of assets in the market to be traded quickly without significantly affecting the price.
11. Trading volume (trading volume)
• Description: The number of stocks traded in a specific period of time to measure market activity.
12. Limit Order (Limit Order)
• Description: Set an order for the highest or lowest price to buy or sell a stock.
13. Market Order
• Description: A buy or sell order that is executed immediately at the current market price.
14. Stop loss order (Stop Loss Order)
• Description: Set an order to automatically sell stocks at a certain price to limit loss.
15. Bonds
• Description: A debt instrument issued by a company or government. Investors lend money to the issuer by purchasing bonds.
16. Index (Index)
• Description: An indicator that reflects the overall performance of a specific market or industry, such as the Dow Jones Index or the S&P 500 Index.
17. Diversification
• Description: A strategy to reduce risk by investing in different assets or industries.
18. IPO (Initial Public Offering)
• Description: The process of a company issuing shares to the public for the first time, usually used to raise capital.
19. Blue Chip Stock
• Introduction: Shares of well-known large companies with stable performance, good reputation, and usually high dividends.
20. Growth Stock (Growth Stock)
• Description: Company stocks that are expected to increase rapidly in future profits usually do not pay dividends.
21. Value stock (Value Stock)
• Description: Stocks that are priced below their fundamental valuation usually have a lower price-earnings ratio.
22. Shareholder Equity
• Description: The net value of the company's total assets minus total liabilities is the shareholders' portion.
23. Financial Statements • Description: Includes balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement, reflecting the company's financial situation.
24. Cash Flow
• Description: The company's cash flow in and out during a specific period of time reflects the company's liquidity and operating conditions.
25. Leverage
• Description: A strategy to increase return on investment through borrowing, but it also increases risk.
26. Bear Market
• Brief: The overall decline in market prices usually lasts for a period of time, reflecting pessimism.
27. Bull Market
• Brief: The overall rise in market prices usually lasts for a period of time, reflecting optimism.
28. Arbitrage
• Description: A strategy to profit by taking advantage of price differences in different periods or locations in the market.
29. Net Profit (Net Income)
• Description: The company's remaining profit after deducting all expenses and taxes is an indicator of the company's profitability.
30. Capital Gain
• Description: Profit from the appreciation of investment assets, such as profits from rising stock prices.
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