Quantum computers will break our reality
They have the potential to be the most important, dangerous, and unpredictable invention of our lifetime. And they already exist today. Here’s why they could change everything:
Modern computers are defined by bits. Bits are the smallest unit of data that a computer can process and store. They are binary and can only exist in one of two states. Typically represented as 1 or 0.
The physical manifestation of a bit is called a transistor. It’s an electronic switch that can also exist in one of two states. Transistors have been constantly reduced in size, but there is a physical limitation to how small they can be. The current size is 3 nanometers.
This is where quantum computers come in. Quantum computers use quantum bits or qubits. Qubits can represent 1s and 0s, just like traditional bits but they can also be 1 and 0 at the same time. They are non-binary. This allows them to hold vastly more information than traditional bits.
Qubits exist in a “superposition” state. This is where two potential outcomes occur simultaneously. But when observed, they collapse into a binary state.
Superposition is what makes quantum computers so powerful. Combining multiple qubits together produces a huge number of potential values. Just 20 qubits can produce over 1 million potential values.
The largest quantum computer today was built by IBM. It has over 1,000 qubits of processing power. IBM predicts this will increase to 100,000 qubits over the next decade.
Quantum computers are not just a better version of existing computers. They unlock a completely new set of possibilities that can take us to places we’ve never been before. But they come with their own set of problems.
Quantum computers require extremely low temperatures to function. Close to absolute zero. Even with the necessary cooling system, existing quantum computers can only operate for around a second before the qubits lose their superposition state.
Quantum computers can make mistakes. Error rates are between 1 in 100 at worst and 1 in 1,000 at best. And to be truly practical the error rate needs to be reduced to at least 1 in 1 million.
Nevertheless, quantum computers are incredibly powerful. They can solve math problems in seconds that would take conventional computers thousands of years to complete. But this poses a huge potential problem.
Even Apple is concerned. That’s why Apple has upgraded iMessage with post-quantum security to protect against quantum computer attacks. But most other online services—like emails, bank accounts, or crypto wallets—remain vulnerable.
Investors have gone wild, speculating on the next quantum computing break-through. Stocks like $IonQ Inc (IONQ.US)$ $D-Wave Quantum (QBTS.US)$ have shot to the moon.
Of course, like always, wild speculation never ends well. This time will not be different. Speculation is neither good nor bad. It’s a driver of innovation. But it often leads to overinflated expectations. Eventually, reality catches up, and the market corrects.
Quantum computers have the potential to change the course of humanity. Because to truly understand the universe and everything in it, we must understand the quantum scale. And we are getting closer every day.
Disclaimer: Community is offered by Moomoo Technologies Inc. and is for educational purposes only.
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