Quantum computing is a revolutionary technology that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to process information. Unlike classical computers, which use bits as the smallest unit of data (0s and 1s), quantum computers use quantum bits, or qubits. Qubits can exist in multiple states simultaneously due to phenomena like superposition and entanglement, enabling quantum computers to perform complex calculations at unprecedented speeds.
This unique capability allows quantum computers to tackle problems that are currently infeasible for classical systems, such as factoring large numbers, optimizing complex systems, and simulating molecular structures. While still in the experimental stage, advancements in quantum computing hold the potential to transform fields like cryptography, materials science, and artificial intelligence.