Supreme Court Overturns Chevron Ruling: Biden Administration Warns Of 'Convulsive Shock'
Supreme Court Overturns Chevron Ruling: Biden Administration Warns Of 'Convulsive Shock'
The U.S. Supreme Court has overturned a 40-year-old decision that gave the executive branch the power to rule on laws passed by Congress that were unclear.
美国最高法院推翻了40年前的一项决定，该决定赋予行政部门处理国会通过的不明确法律的权力。
The decision, known as the Chevron doctrine, stems from a unanimous Supreme Court case involving the energy company in an argument over the Clean Air Act that upheld an action by the Environmental Protection Agency under then-President Ronald Reagan.
此决定被称为雪佛龙原则，源于一起关于环保署在时任总统罗纳德·里根领导下执行《清洁空气法》时行动得到支持的能源公司的一致裁决的最高法院案件。自那以后，雪佛龙决定要求法官遵循机构对国会法规的合理解释。周五以6-3的裁决推翻这一原则，可以让法官决定那些被认为含糊不清的法律。
Since then, the Chevron decision has required judges to defer to agencies' reasonable interpretations of congressional statutes. Friday's 6-3 ruling to overturn the doctrine allows judges to decide on laws that are considered ambiguous.
这项40年的裁决一直是保守派和商业团体的主要抨击目标，他们认为这使行政部门获得了过多的权力，据美联社报道。拥有枪支、烟草、农业、木材和家居建筑等产业的团体敦促最高法院推翻这项几十年的裁决。
The 1984 ruling has long been in the crosshairs of conservatives and business groups who argue that it gives too much power to the executive branch, the Associated Press reported.
最高法院于1月审理了捕鱼人提出的一宗案件，他们反对被强制支付对他们的捕捞进行联邦检查的费用。据《今日美国》报道。
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The Biden administration has defended the law, warning that overturning it would be destabilizing and could bring a "convulsive shock" to the nation's legal system.
拜登政府已经为该法律进行了辩护，警告推翻该法律将会是破坏稳定的，可能会给国家的法律体系带来"震撼"。
But groups representing the gun industry and other businesses such as tobacco, agriculture, timber and homebuilding have urged the Supreme Court to overturn the decades-old ruling.
但代表枪支行业和其他行业，如烟草、农业、木材和住宅建筑的团体，敦促最高法院推翻这项几十年的裁决。
The Supreme Court took a close look at the Chevron ruling in January when presiding over a case brought by herring fishermen who objected to being forced to pay for federal inspections of their catch, USA Today reported.
《今日美国》报道，最高法院在1月主持了一起案件，有捕鱼者质疑他们被迫支付联邦对他们的捕鱼进行检查的费用。
Price Action: Makers of guns, tobacco and timber saw their stocks having mixed reactions to the Supreme Court decision by midday Friday. Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc. (NASDAQ:SWBI) slipped 2.2% to $14.45, while Olin Corporation (NYSE:OLN) edged up 0.24% to $47.74.
股价走势：枪支、烟草和木材制品制造商股票在周五中午对最高法院的决定产生了不同的反应。史密斯·威森品牌股份有限公司 (纳斯达克股票代码：SWBI) 下跌2.2% 至14.45美元，而欧林公司 (纽约证券交易所股票代码：OLN) 上涨0.24% 至47.74美元。菲利普·莫里斯国际公司 (纽约证券交易所股票代码：PM) 下跌0.33% 至101.23美元，英美烟草 p.l.c. (纽约证券交易所股票代码：BTI) 上涨0.24% 至30.97美元。国际纸业公司 (纽约证券交易所股票代码：IP) 在周五中午下跌了0.08% 至43.22美元。
Phillip Morris International Inc. (NYSE:PM) shed 0.33% to $101.23 and British American Tobacco p.l.c. (NYSE:BTI) jumped 0.24% to $30.97. International Paper Company (NYSE:IP) slid 0.08% to $43.22 by midday on Friday.
菲利普·莫里斯国际公司 (纽约证券交易所股票代码：PM) 下跌0.33% 至101.23美元，英美烟草 p.l.c. (纽约证券交易所股票代码：BTI) 上涨0.24% 至30.97美元，国际纸业公司 (纽约证券交易所股票代码：IP) 在周五中午下跌了0.08% 至43.22美元。
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Photo: shutterstock