IBM-Developed Algorithms Announced as World's First Post-Quantum Cryptography Standards
IBM-Developed Algorithms Announced as World's First Post-Quantum Cryptography Standards
YORKTOWN HEIGHTS, N.Y., Aug. 13, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Two IBM-developed algorithms (NYSE: IBM) have been officially formalized within the world's first three post-quantum cryptography standards, which were published today by the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
纽约州约克敦高地,2024年8月13日 /PRNewswire/--在美国商务部国家标准与技术研究所(NIST)今天发布的全球前三项后量子密码学标准中,两种IBM开发的算法(纽约证券交易所代码:IBM)已正式确定。
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The standards include three post-quantum cryptographic algorithms: two of them, ML-KEM (originally known as CRYSTALS-Kyber) and ML-DSA (originally CRYSTALS-Dilithium) were developed by IBM researchers in collaboration with several industry and academic partners. The third published algorithm, SLH-DSA (initially submitted as SPHINCS+) was co-developed by a researcher who has since joined IBM. Additionally, a fourth IBM-developed algorithm, FN-DSA (originally called FALCON), has been selected for future standardization.
这些标准包括三种后量子密码算法:其中两种算法,即ML-Kem(最初称为Crystals-Kyber)和ML-DSA(最初的Crystals-Dilithium)是由IBM研究人员与多个行业和学术合作伙伴合作开发的。第三种已发布的算法SLH-DSA(最初以SPHINCS+的形式提交)是由一位研究人员共同开发的,该研究人员后来加入了IBM。此外,IBM开发的第四种算法FN-DSA(最初称为FALCON)已被选中用于将来的标准化。
The official publication of these algorithms marks a crucial milestone to advancing the protection of the world's encrypted data from cyberattacks that could be attempted through the unique power of quantum computers, which are rapidly progressing to cryptographic relevancy. This is the point at which quantum computers will harness enough computational power to break the encryption standards underlying most of the world's data and infrastructure today.
这些算法的正式发布标志着推进保护世界加密数据免受网络攻击的关键里程碑,量子计算机的独特力量正在迅速发展到密码学相关性。到那时,量子计算机将利用足够的计算能力来打破当今世界上大多数数据和基础设施所依据的加密标准。
"IBM's mission in quantum computing is two-fold: to bring useful quantum computing to the world and to make the world quantum-safe. We are excited about the incredible progress we have made with today's quantum computers, which are being used across global industries to explore problems as we push towards fully error-corrected systems," said Jay Gambetta, Vice President, IBM Quantum. "However, we understand these advancements could herald an upheaval in the security of our most sensitive data and systems. NIST's publication of the world's first three post-quantum cryptography standards marks a significant step in efforts to build a quantum-safe future alongside quantum computing."
“IBM在量子计算领域的使命是双重的:为世界带来有用的量子计算,以及确保世界的量子安全。IBM Quantum副总裁杰伊·甘贝塔说,当今量子计算机取得了令人难以置信的进展,我们对当今量子计算机取得的惊人进展感到兴奋,全球各行各业都在使用量子计算机来探索问题。“但是,我们知道这些进步可能预示着我们最敏感的数据和系统的安全性将发生动荡。NIST发布了世界上前三个后量子密码学标准,这标志着在量子计算的同时努力建立量子安全的未来迈出了重要一步。”
As an entirely new branch of computing, quantum computers are quickly accelerating to useful and large-scale systems, as evidenced by the hardware and software milestones achieved and planned on IBM's Quantum Development Roadmap. For example, IBM projects it will deliver its first error-corrected quantum system by 2029. This system is anticipated to run hundreds of millions of quantum operations to return accurate results for complex and valuable problems that are currently inaccessible to classical computers. Looking further into the future, IBM's roadmap includes plans to expand this system to run upwards of one billion quantum operations by 2033. As IBM builds towards these goals, the company has already equipped experts across healthcare and life sciences; finance; materials development; logistics; and other fields with utility-scale systems to begin applying and scaling their most pressing challenges to quantum computers as they advance.
作为一个全新的计算分支,量子计算机正在迅速加速发展成有用的大规模系统,IBM 量子开发路线图中实现和计划实现的硬件和软件里程碑就证明了这一点。例如,IBM预计它将在2029年之前交付其第一个误差校正量子系统。该系统预计将运行数亿次量子运算,为传统计算机目前无法访问的复杂而有价值的问题返回准确的结果。展望未来,IBM的路线图包括计划将该系统扩展到2033年超过10亿次量子运营。随着IBM朝着这些目标迈进,该公司已经为医疗保健和生命科学、金融、材料开发、物流和其他领域的专家配备了公用事业规模的系统,使他们能够随着量子计算机的发展开始应用和扩展他们面临的最紧迫挑战。
However, the advent of more powerful quantum computers could carry risks to today's cybersecurity protocols. As their levels of speed and error correction abilities grow, they are also likely to encompass the ability to break today's most used cryptographic schemes, such as RSA, which has long protected global data. Beginning with work started several decades ago, IBM's team of the world's foremost cryptographic experts continue to lead the industry in the development of algorithms to protect data against future threats, which are now positioned to eventually replace today's encryption schemes.
但是,更强大的量子计算机的出现可能会给当今的网络安全协议带来风险。随着速度和纠错能力水平的提高,它们还可能包括打破当今最常用的加密方案(例如长期保护全球数据的RSA)的能力。从几十年前开始的工作开始,IBM由世界上最重要的密码学专家组成的团队继续在开发算法方面处于行业领先地位,以保护数据免受未来威胁的影响,这些算法现在有望最终取代当今的加密方案。
NIST's newly published standards are designed to safeguard data exchanged across public networks, as well as for digital signatures for identity authentication. Now formalized, they will set the standard as the blueprints for governments and industries worldwide to begin adopting post-quantum cybersecurity strategies.
NIST新发布的标准旨在保护通过公共网络交换的数据,以及用于身份验证的数字签名。现已正式确定,他们将设定标准,作为全球政府和行业开始采用后量子网络安全战略的蓝图。
In 2016, NIST asked cryptographers worldwide to develop and submit new, quantum-safe cryptographic schemes to be considered for future standardization. In 2022, four encryption algorithms were selected for further evaluation from 69 submissions chosen for review: CRYSTALS-Kyber, CRYSTALS-Dilithium, Falcon, and SPHINCS+.
2016 年,NiST 要求全球密码学家开发和提交新的量子安全加密方案,以供将来标准化考虑。2022年,从69份入选审稿件中选出了四种加密算法进行进一步评估:Crystals-Kyber、Crystals-Dilithium、Falcon和SPHINCS+。
In addition to continued evaluations to publish Falcon as the fourth official standard, NIST is continuing to identify and evaluate additional algorithms to diversify its toolkit of post-quantum cryptographic algorithms, including several others developed by IBM researchers. IBM cryptographers are among those pioneering the expansion of these tools, including three newly submitted digital signatures schemes that have already been accepted for consideration by NIST and are undergoing the initial round of evaluation.
除了继续评估将Falcon发布为第四个官方标准外,NiST还继续确定和评估其他算法,以使其后量子密码算法工具包多样化,包括IBM研究人员开发的其他几种算法。IBM密码学家是这些工具扩展的先驱之一,其中包括三种新提交的数字签名方案,这些方案已经被NiST接受审议,并正在进行第一轮评估。
Toward its mission to make the world quantum-safe, IBM continues to integrate post-quantum cryptography into many of its own products, such as IBM z16 and IBM Cloud. In 2023, the company unveiled the IBM Quantum Safe roadmap, a three-step blueprint to chart the milestones towards increasingly advanced quantum-safe technology, and defined by phases of discovery, observation, and transformation. Alongside this roadmap, the company also introduced IBM Quantum Safe technology and IBM Quantum Safe Transformation Services to support clients in their journeys to becoming quantum safe. These technologies include the introduction of Cryptography Bill of Materials (CBOM), a new standard to capture and exchange information about cryptographic assets in software and systems.
为了实现让世界实现量子安全的使命,IBM继续将后量子密码学集成到自己的许多产品中,例如IBM z16和IBM Cloud。2023 年,该公司公布了 IBM Quantum Safe 路线图,这是一份三步蓝图,旨在描绘向越来越先进的量子安全技术的里程碑,并由发现、观察和转型等阶段定义。除了这份路线图外,该公司还推出了IBM Quantum Safe技术和IBM Quantum Safe Transformation服务,以支持客户迈向量子安全的旅程。这些技术包括引入密码学材料清单(CBOM),这是一种捕获和交换有关软件和系统中加密资产信息的新标准。
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