Some say volatility, rather than debt, is the best way to think about risk as an investor, but Warren Buffett famously said that 'Volatility is far from synonymous with risk.' So it seems the smart money knows that debt - which is usually involved in bankruptcies - is a very important factor, when you assess how risky a company is. We can see that West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc. (NYSE:WST) does use debt in its business. But the real question is whether this debt is making the company risky.

When Is Debt Dangerous?

Debt assists a business until the business has trouble paying it off, either with new capital or with free cash flow. Part and parcel of capitalism is the process of 'creative destruction' where failed businesses are mercilessly liquidated by their bankers. While that is not too common, we often do see indebted companies permanently diluting shareholders because lenders force them to raise capital at a distressed price. Of course, the upside of debt is that it often represents cheap capital, especially when it replaces dilution in a company with the ability to reinvest at high rates of return. The first step when considering a company's debt levels is to consider its cash and debt together.

What Is West Pharmaceutical Services's Net Debt?

As you can see below, West Pharmaceutical Services had US$202.6m of debt, at September 2024, which is about the same as the year before. You can click the chart for greater detail. But it also has US$490.9m in cash to offset that, meaning it has US$288.3m net cash.

A Look At West Pharmaceutical Services' Liabilities

The latest balance sheet data shows that West Pharmaceutical Services had liabilities of US$516.5m due within a year, and liabilities of US$406.5m falling due after that. On the other hand, it had cash of US$490.9m and US$566.6m worth of receivables due within a year. So it actually has US$134.5m more liquid assets than total liabilities.

This state of affairs indicates that West Pharmaceutical Services' balance sheet looks quite solid, as its total liabilities are just about equal to its liquid assets. So it's very unlikely that the US$24.1b company is short on cash, but still worth keeping an eye on the balance sheet. Succinctly put, West Pharmaceutical Services boasts net cash, so it's fair to say it does not have a heavy debt load!

The modesty of its debt load may become crucial for West Pharmaceutical Services if management cannot prevent a repeat of the 21% cut to EBIT over the last year. When it comes to paying off debt, falling earnings are no more useful than sugary sodas are for your health. There's no doubt that we learn most about debt from the balance sheet. But ultimately the future profitability of the business will decide if West Pharmaceutical Services can strengthen its balance sheet over time. So if you're focused on the future you can check out this free report showing analyst profit forecasts.

But our final consideration is also important, because a company cannot pay debt with paper profits; it needs cold hard cash. While West Pharmaceutical Services has net cash on its balance sheet, it's still worth taking a look at its ability to convert earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) to free cash flow, to help us understand how quickly it is building (or eroding) that cash balance. Over the most recent three years, West Pharmaceutical Services recorded free cash flow worth 54% of its EBIT, which is around normal, given free cash flow excludes interest and tax. This free cash flow puts the company in a good position to pay down debt, when appropriate.

Summing Up

While we empathize with investors who find debt concerning, you should keep in mind that West Pharmaceutical Services has net cash of US$288.3m, as well as more liquid assets than liabilities. So we are not troubled with West Pharmaceutical Services's debt use. Over time, share prices tend to follow earnings per share, so if you're interested in West Pharmaceutical Services, you may well want to click here to check an interactive graph of its earnings per share history.

If, after all that, you're more interested in a fast growing company with a rock-solid balance sheet, then check out our list of net cash growth stocks without delay.

Have feedback on this article? Concerned about the content? Get in touch with us directly. Alternatively, email editorial-team (at) simplywallst.com.
This article by Simply Wall St is general in nature. We provide commentary based on historical data and analyst forecasts only using an unbiased methodology and our articles are not intended to be financial advice. It does not constitute a recommendation to buy or sell any stock, and does not take account of your objectives, or your financial situation. We aim to bring you long-term focused analysis driven by fundamental data. Note that our analysis may not factor in the latest price-sensitive company announcements or qualitative material. Simply Wall St has no position in any stocks mentioned.