IBM-Developed Algorithms Announced as World's First Post-Quantum Cryptography Standards
IBM-Developed Algorithms Announced as World's First Post-Quantum Cryptography Standards
YORKTOWN HEIGHTS, N.Y., Aug. 13, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Two IBM-developed algorithms (NYSE: IBM) have been officially formalized within the world's first three post-quantum cryptography standards, which were published today by the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
紐約州約克敦高地,2024年8月13日 /PRNewswire/--在美國商務部國家標準與技術研究所(NIST)今天發佈的全球前三項後量子密碼學標準中,兩種IBM開發的算法(紐約證券交易所代碼:IBM)已正式確定。
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The standards include three post-quantum cryptographic algorithms: two of them, ML-KEM (originally known as CRYSTALS-Kyber) and ML-DSA (originally CRYSTALS-Dilithium) were developed by IBM researchers in collaboration with several industry and academic partners. The third published algorithm, SLH-DSA (initially submitted as SPHINCS+) was co-developed by a researcher who has since joined IBM. Additionally, a fourth IBM-developed algorithm, FN-DSA (originally called FALCON), has been selected for future standardization.
這些標準包括三種後量子密碼算法:其中兩種算法,即ML-Kem(最初稱爲Crystals-Kyber)和ML-DSA(最初的Crystals-Dilithium)是由IBM研究人員與多個行業和學術合作伙伴合作開發的。第三種已發佈的算法SLH-DSA(最初以SPHINCS+的形式提交)是由一位研究人員共同開發的,該研究人員後來加入了IBM。此外,IBM開發的第四種算法FN-DSA(最初稱爲FALCON)已被選中用於將來的標準化。
The official publication of these algorithms marks a crucial milestone to advancing the protection of the world's encrypted data from cyberattacks that could be attempted through the unique power of quantum computers, which are rapidly progressing to cryptographic relevancy. This is the point at which quantum computers will harness enough computational power to break the encryption standards underlying most of the world's data and infrastructure today.
這些算法的正式發佈標誌着推進保護世界加密數據免受網絡攻擊的關鍵里程碑,量子計算機的獨特力量正在迅速發展到密碼學相關性。到那時,量子計算機將利用足夠的計算能力來打破當今世界上大多數數據和基礎設施所依據的加密標準。
"IBM's mission in quantum computing is two-fold: to bring useful quantum computing to the world and to make the world quantum-safe. We are excited about the incredible progress we have made with today's quantum computers, which are being used across global industries to explore problems as we push towards fully error-corrected systems," said Jay Gambetta, Vice President, IBM Quantum. "However, we understand these advancements could herald an upheaval in the security of our most sensitive data and systems. NIST's publication of the world's first three post-quantum cryptography standards marks a significant step in efforts to build a quantum-safe future alongside quantum computing."
“IBM在量子計算領域的使命是雙重的:爲世界帶來有用的量子計算,以及確保世界的量子安全。IBM Quantum副總裁傑伊·甘貝塔說,當今量子計算機取得了令人難以置信的進展,我們對當今量子計算機取得的驚人進展感到興奮,全球各行各業都在使用量子計算機來探索問題。「但是,我們知道這些進步可能預示着我們最敏感的數據和系統的安全性將發生動盪。NIST發佈了世界上前三個後量子密碼學標準,這標誌着在量子計算的同時努力建立量子安全的未來邁出了重要一步。」
As an entirely new branch of computing, quantum computers are quickly accelerating to useful and large-scale systems, as evidenced by the hardware and software milestones achieved and planned on IBM's Quantum Development Roadmap. For example, IBM projects it will deliver its first error-corrected quantum system by 2029. This system is anticipated to run hundreds of millions of quantum operations to return accurate results for complex and valuable problems that are currently inaccessible to classical computers. Looking further into the future, IBM's roadmap includes plans to expand this system to run upwards of one billion quantum operations by 2033. As IBM builds towards these goals, the company has already equipped experts across healthcare and life sciences; finance; materials development; logistics; and other fields with utility-scale systems to begin applying and scaling their most pressing challenges to quantum computers as they advance.
作爲一個全新的計算分支,量子計算機正在迅速加速發展成有用的大規模系統,IBM 量子開發路線圖中實現和計劃實現的硬件和軟件里程碑就證明了這一點。例如,IBM預計它將在2029年之前交付其第一個誤差校正量子系統。該系統預計將運行數億次量子運算,爲傳統計算機目前無法訪問的複雜而有價值的問題返回準確的結果。展望未來,IBM的路線圖包括計劃將該系統擴展到2033年超過10億次量子運營。隨着IBM朝着這些目標邁進,該公司已經爲醫療保健和生命科學、金融、材料開發、物流和其他領域的專家配備了公用事業規模的系統,使他們能夠隨着量子計算機的發展開始應用和擴展他們面臨的最緊迫挑戰。
However, the advent of more powerful quantum computers could carry risks to today's cybersecurity protocols. As their levels of speed and error correction abilities grow, they are also likely to encompass the ability to break today's most used cryptographic schemes, such as RSA, which has long protected global data. Beginning with work started several decades ago, IBM's team of the world's foremost cryptographic experts continue to lead the industry in the development of algorithms to protect data against future threats, which are now positioned to eventually replace today's encryption schemes.
但是,更強大的量子計算機的出現可能會給當今的網絡安全協議帶來風險。隨着速度和糾錯能力水平的提高,它們還可能包括打破當今最常用的加密方案(例如長期保護全球數據的RSA)的能力。從幾十年前開始的工作開始,IBM由世界上最重要的密碼學專家組成的團隊繼續在開發算法方面處於行業領先地位,以保護數據免受未來威脅的影響,這些算法現在有望最終取代當今的加密方案。
NIST's newly published standards are designed to safeguard data exchanged across public networks, as well as for digital signatures for identity authentication. Now formalized, they will set the standard as the blueprints for governments and industries worldwide to begin adopting post-quantum cybersecurity strategies.
NIST新發布的標準旨在保護通過公共網絡交換的數據,以及用於身份驗證的數字簽名。現已正式確定,他們將設定標準,作爲全球政府和行業開始採用後量子網絡安全戰略的藍圖。
In 2016, NIST asked cryptographers worldwide to develop and submit new, quantum-safe cryptographic schemes to be considered for future standardization. In 2022, four encryption algorithms were selected for further evaluation from 69 submissions chosen for review: CRYSTALS-Kyber, CRYSTALS-Dilithium, Falcon, and SPHINCS+.
2016 年,NiST 要求全球密碼學家開發和提交新的量子安全加密方案,以供將來標準化考慮。2022年,從69份入選審稿件中選出了四種加密算法進行進一步評估:Crystals-Kyber、Crystals-Dilithium、Falcon和SPHINCS+。
In addition to continued evaluations to publish Falcon as the fourth official standard, NIST is continuing to identify and evaluate additional algorithms to diversify its toolkit of post-quantum cryptographic algorithms, including several others developed by IBM researchers. IBM cryptographers are among those pioneering the expansion of these tools, including three newly submitted digital signatures schemes that have already been accepted for consideration by NIST and are undergoing the initial round of evaluation.
除了繼續評估將Falcon發佈爲第四個官方標準外,NiST還繼續確定和評估其他算法,以使其後量子密碼算法工具包多樣化,包括IBM研究人員開發的其他幾種算法。IBM密碼學家是這些工具擴展的先驅之一,其中包括三種新提交的數字簽名方案,這些方案已經被NiST接受審議,並正在進行第一輪評估。
Toward its mission to make the world quantum-safe, IBM continues to integrate post-quantum cryptography into many of its own products, such as IBM z16 and IBM Cloud. In 2023, the company unveiled the IBM Quantum Safe roadmap, a three-step blueprint to chart the milestones towards increasingly advanced quantum-safe technology, and defined by phases of discovery, observation, and transformation. Alongside this roadmap, the company also introduced IBM Quantum Safe technology and IBM Quantum Safe Transformation Services to support clients in their journeys to becoming quantum safe. These technologies include the introduction of Cryptography Bill of Materials (CBOM), a new standard to capture and exchange information about cryptographic assets in software and systems.
爲了實現讓世界實現量子安全的使命,IBM繼續將後量子密碼學集成到自己的許多產品中,例如IBM z16和IBM Cloud。2023 年,該公司公佈了 IBM Quantum Safe 路線圖,這是一份三步藍圖,旨在描繪向越來越先進的量子安全技術的里程碑,並由發現、觀察和轉型等階段定義。除了這份路線圖外,該公司還推出了IBM Quantum Safe技術和IBM Quantum Safe Transformation服務,以支持客戶邁向量子安全的旅程。這些技術包括引入密碼學材料清單(CBOM),這是一種捕獲和交換有關軟件和系統中加密資產信息的新標準。
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