A friend asked the screw, sometimes invest in a variety, unwittingly buy more, encounter another opportunity, can only lie flat.
When investing, how to control the amount of capital? How should the funds be allocated?
Today, let's introduce a more standard household asset allocation scheme.
Stock funds and incremental funds
First of all, our funds can be divided into two categories.
One is the stock of funds that are already in hand and have not been used for a long time.
One is the incremental funds that occur in the future, that is, income, such as monthly salary income.
For different families, the proportion of these two types of funds is different.
People who have just worked for a short time do not have much stock of funds, but they have regular income, that is, wages; and if they are about to retire, the assets in the family are mainly stock funds, and incremental income does not have much impact on family assets.
Both parts of the funds need to be taken care of.
How to allocate the stock funds?
For the stock of funds, it can be arranged as follows: using the "100-age" ratio, allocate stocks and bonds.
In the stock section, you can configure the proportion of "100-age"%; in the bond section, you can configure the proportion of "age"%.
For example, a family with an average age of 40 has 1 million of its unused funds for a long time. You can allocate 600000 to equity assets and 400000 to bond assets.
These bond assets, including bond funds, bank wealth management, treasury bonds, etc., are stable assets with less volatility. The allocation of bond assets can usually be allocated at one time.
However, when allocating stock assets, we should pay attention to two points:
Stock assets are not suitable for allocation immediately after the amount is calculated.
Stock assets are more suitable for allocation in the 4-5 star stage. For example, when the market returns to a 4-star level, it is configured to an active selection combination.
It should be noted that even if it is a 4-star configuration, the market will fluctuate in the short term and may hold a floating loss for more than half a year. If you buy with a 4-star rating and hold it for more than 3 years, the profit will be good.
Generally speaking, if the stock asset ratio reaches "100-age" in a 4-star class,
If you encounter a good opportunity of 5 stars, you can consider investing some of the bond assets of that age into stock funds.
How to allocate incremental funds?
The investment method of incremental funds, that is, fixed investment.
Each family has a different structure of income and expenditure. According to international practice, usually a family can save 20% of its income.
The previous savings were zero deposit and lump sum withdrawal. Fixed investment, a bit similar to the characteristics of savings, but zero deposit to the fund. When the overestimate is reached, stop the surplus and take it out.
A stock fund usually takes 2-3 years from a fixed investment to a good return. If it is fast, it will take a few months, and if it is slow, it will take more than 2-3 years.
For example, our investment fundamentals have low volatility of 120 and 500 in 2018.
In the first two years, there was no profit.
It was not until the second half of 2020 that fundamentals 120 rose.
The low volatility of 500 will rise in 2021.
About six to seven funds in the screw portfolio have stopped earning in the past year, most of which were invested during the 2018-2019 round of undervaluation.
Fixed investment fund, as a 3-5-year zero deposit and withdrawal plan is good.
From here, we can see the function of several combinations of screws.
The main results are as follows: (1) actively optimizing the portfolio and nailing the 365-day portfolio are all configuration combinations, which correspond to the stock assets and bond assets in the asset allocation respectively. It is suitable for the allocation of stock funds.
(2) the fixed investment combination of screw index is a fixed investment combination, which is suitable for incremental capital investment.
Of course, when actual investment, some friends will also use the way of fixed investment, investment initiative to optimize the portfolio, it is not impossible.
The general stock fund fluctuates greatly, so it is OK to return to the 4-star level to make a certain investment.
What do you need to pay attention to in the allocation of stock funds?
If you allocate your own stock fund, what do you need to pay attention to?
Some friends will also complain that they invest in undervalued varieties and end up buying too much before they know it.
For many novice friends, it is easy to make this mistake when starting to invest. It's like a recruit on the battlefield, easy to pull the trigger and run out of bullets quickly.
If you allocate your own stock funds, you still have to allocate the stock-debt ratio. At the same time, the allocation of a single stock fund, or a single industry, preferably within 20% of the principal. Try not to allocate too much in one variety.
What if it is already more than 20% and there is still a floating loss in the short term?
If it is an immortal index fund, it doesn't matter. You can continue to invest in the floating loss stage, set the amount of funds for this variety, and control the proportion, for example, 20%.
In the floating loss stage, the fixed investment is the best stage, which can play a good effect of amortization and low cost. After getting back to the capital, you can consider suspending the fixed investment and continuing to hold it.
When it comes to overestimation and stop making a profit, the proportion will naturally be reduced.
Investment tips
Finally, there is a little trick.
Before investing, it is best to list your investment plan on paper, rather than investing on the basis of feeling.
Subjective feeling, it is easy to make mistakes. Investment plans listed on paper are easier to stick to.