Income tax expense, which includes foreign withholding taxes and minimum taxes, reflects the applicable tax rates in effect in the various countries where our income is earned and is subject to volatility depending on the relative mix of earnings in each location. Income tax expense decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to a decrease in income before income taxes.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, our subsidiaries in Korea and Singapore operated under various conditional reduced tax rates. Beginning in 2024, our subsidiary in Vietnam also operated under various conditional reduced tax rates. As these conditional reduced tax rates expire, income earned in these jurisdictions will be subject to higher statutory income tax rates, which may cause our effective tax rate to increase.
See Note 4 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information about our income tax expense.
Liquidity
We assess our liquidity based on our current expectations regarding sales and operating expenses, capital spending, dividend payments, stock and debt repurchases, debt service requirements, lease obligations and other funding needs. Based on this assessment, we believe that our cash flow from operating activities, together with existing cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and availability under our credit facilities, will be sufficient to fund our working capital, capital expenditures, dividend payments, debt service, debt repurchases and other financial requirements for at least the next 12 months.
Our liquidity is affected by, among other factors, volatility in the global economy and credit markets, the performance of our business, our capital expenditure levels, other uses of our cash including any dividends and purchases of stock or debt under any repurchase program, any acquisitions, joint ventures or other investments and our ability to either repay debt out of operating cash flow or refinance it at or prior to maturity with the proceeds from debt or equity offerings. There can be no assurance that we will generate the necessary net income or operating cash flows, or be able to borrow sufficient funds, to meet the funding needs of our business beyond the next 12 months due to a variety of factors, including the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry and other factors discussed in Part II, Item 1A of this Form 10-Q.
Our primary source of cash and the source of funds for our operations are cash flows from operations, current cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, borrowings under available credit facilities and proceeds from any additional debt or equity financings. Please refer to Note 7 and Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on our investments and borrowings, respectively.
As of September 30, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $1,471.5 million. Included in our cash and short-term investments balances as of September 30, 2024 is $1,305.5 million held offshore by our foreign subsidiaries. We have the ability to access cash held offshore by our foreign subsidiaries primarily through the repayment of intercompany debt obligations. If we were to distribute this offshore cash to the United States as dividends from our foreign subsidiaries, the dividends generally would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax, but the distributions may be subject to foreign withholding and state income taxes.
As of September 30, 2024, our net liability associated with unrecognized tax benefits is $22.7 million. Due to the uncertainty regarding the amount and timing of any future cash outflows associated with our unrecognized tax benefits, we are unable to reasonably estimate the amount and timing of ultimate settlement, if any, with the various taxing authorities.
For certain accounts receivable, we use non-recourse factoring arrangements with third party financial institutions to manage our working capital and cash flows. Under these arrangements, we sell receivables to a financial institution for
cash at a discount to the face amount. Available capacity under these arrangements is dependent on the level of our trade accounts receivable eligible to be sold, the financial institutions’ willingness to purchase such receivables and the limits provided by the financial institutions. These factoring arrangements can be reduced or eliminated at any time due to market conditions and changes in the creditworthiness of customers. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we sold accounts receivable totaling $59.4 million and $149.8 million, net of discounts and fees of $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively.
We operate in a capital-intensive industry. Servicing our current and future customers may require that we incur significant operating expenses and make significant investments in equipment and facilities, which are generally made in advance of the related revenues and without firm customer commitments.
The maximum borrowing capacity under the 2022 Singapore Revolver is limited to a base amount equal to the lesser of: (1) $600.0 million; or (2) $250.0 million plus a variable amount equal to 37.5% of our consolidated accounts receivable balance. As of September 30, 2024, we had availability of $600.0 million. As of September 30, 2024, our foreign subsidiaries had $615.0 million available for future borrowings under revolving credit facilities, including the 2022 Singapore Revolver, and $65.0 million available to be borrowed under term loan credit facilities for working capital purposes and capital expenditures. For additional information regarding the 2022 Singapore Revolver, please refer to Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
As of September 30, 2024, we had debt of $1,101.6 million, with $207.6 million payable within 12 months. As of September 30, 2024, the interest payment obligations, based on stated coupon rates for fixed rate debt and interest rates applicable at September 30, 2024 for variable rate debt, were $134.6 million during the remaining term of the debt. Interest payment obligations payable within 12 months is $50.1 million. We were in compliance with all debt covenants as of September 30, 2024, and we expect to remain in compliance with these covenants for at least the next 12 months. For additional information regarding our debt arrangements, please refer to Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Certain of our debt agreements have restrictions on dividend payments and the repurchase of stock and subordinated securities. These restrictions are determined in part by our covenant compliance and on calculations based upon cumulative net income and do not currently have a material impact on our ability to make dividend payments or stock repurchases.
The debt of Amkor Technology, Inc. is structurally subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future debt and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. From time to time, Amkor Technology, Inc., ATT, AATT and ATSH guarantee certain debt of our subsidiaries.
In order to reduce our debt and future cash interest payments, we may from time to time repurchase or redeem our outstanding senior notes for cash or exchange shares of our common stock for our outstanding senior notes. Any such transaction may be made in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions or otherwise and would be subject to the terms of our indentures and other debt agreements, market conditions and other factors.
Our subsidiary in Korea maintains an unfunded severance plan that covers certain employees who were employed prior to August 1, 2015. As of September 30, 2024, the severance liability was $48.4 million, with $8.3 million payable within 12 months. Accrued severance benefits are estimated assuming all eligible employees were to terminate their employment at the balance sheet date. For service periods subsequent to August 1, 2015, employees participate in either a defined benefit pension plan or a defined contribution pension plan. From time to time, we may offer employees the option to convert from the severance plan to the defined contribution plan, which would require us to fund the converted portion of the liability. In addition, as of September 30, 2024, we had foreign pension plan obligations of $47.2 million, for which the timing and actual amount of impact on our future cash flow is uncertain. For additional information regarding our pension and severance plans, please refer to Note 12 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and in Note 12 to the 2023 Form 10-K.
We lease certain machinery and equipment, office space and manufacturing facilities. As of September 30, 2024, our total remaining operating lease obligations and finance lease obligations were $104.7 million and $199.5 million, respectively, with $31.8 million and $68.1 million payable within 12 months, respectively. The lease obligations represent our future minimum lease payments including interest payments.
We had off-balance sheet purchase obligations for capital expenditures, long-term supply contracts and other contractual commitments. As of September 30, 2024, the purchase obligations were $368.3 million, with $323.9 million payable within 12 months.
Capital Returns
In November 2022, we announced our intention to return 40 percent to 50 percent of cumulative free cash flow generated over time, beginning 2022. This return may be in the form of dividends and stock repurchases, subject to a variety of factors, including strategic investments, other capital allocation priorities and Board of Directors’ approval.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we paid total quarterly cash dividends of $58.2 million, and we currently anticipate that we will continue to pay quarterly cash dividends in the future. However, the payment, amount and timing of future dividends remain within the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, debt restrictions and other factors.
Capital Resources
We make significant capital expenditures in order to service the demand of our customers, which are primarily focused on investments in advanced packaging and test equipment. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, our capital expenditures totaled $458.1 million.
We expect that our 2024 capital expenditures will be approximately $750 million. Ultimately, the amount of our 2024 capital expenditures will depend on several factors including, among others, the timing and implementation of any capital projects under review, the performance of our business, economic and market conditions, the cash needs and investment opportunities for the business, the need for additional capacity to service anticipated customer demand, equipment lead times and the availability of cash flows from operations or financing. We expect that our 2024 capital expenditures related to our planned advanced packaging and test facility in Arizona will be primarily for design and construction planning. The primary sources of funds for our capital expenditures are cash flows from operations, current cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, borrowings under available credit facilities and proceeds from any additional debt or equity financings. Please refer to Note 7 and Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on our investments and borrowings, respectively.
In addition, we are subject to risks associated with our capital expenditures, including those discussed in the “Risk Factors” section in Part II, Item 1A of this Form 10-Q under the caption “We make substantial investments in equipment and facilities to support the demand of our customers, which may materially and adversely affect our business if the demand of our customers does not develop as we expect or is adversely affected.”
Cash Flows
Net cash provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, was as follows:
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Operating activities
$
551,260
$
696,187
Investing activities
(501,752)
(696,897)
Financing activities
(207,331)
(204,410)
Operating activities: Our cash flow provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased by $144.9 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to changes in working capital and lower operating profits.
Investing activities: Our cash flow used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased by $195.1 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to lower net payments for short-term investment activity, lower payments for property, plant and equipment and lower net payments for foreign exchange forward contracts in the current year.
Financing activities: The net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was primarily due to net debt repayments, the payments of our quarterly dividend and finance lease obligations.
We provide the following supplemental data to assist our investors and analysts in understanding our liquidity and capital resources. We define “free cash flow” as net cash provided by operating activities less payments for property, plant and equipment, plus proceeds from the sale of, insurance recovery for and grants for property, plant and equipment, if applicable. Free cash flow is not defined by U.S. GAAP. We believe free cash flow to be relevant and useful information to our investors because it provides them with additional information in assessing our liquidity, capital resources and financial operating results. Our management uses free cash flow in evaluating our liquidity, our ability to service debt, our ability to fund capital expenditures and our ability to pay dividends and the amount of dividends to be paid. However, free cash flow has certain limitations, including that it does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures since other, non-discretionary expenditures, such as mandatory debt service, are not deducted from the measure. The amount of mandatory versus discretionary expenditures can vary significantly between periods. This measure should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, other measures of liquidity or financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, such as net cash provided by operating activities. Furthermore, our definition of free cash flow may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities
$
551,260
$
696,187
Payments for property, plant and equipment
(458,067)
(511,654)
Proceeds from sale of and grants for property, plant and equipment
12,639
6,168
Free cash flow
$
105,832
$
190,701
New Accounting Pronouncements
For information regarding recently adopted and recently issued accounting standards, please refer to Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market Risk Sensitivity
We are exposed to market risks, primarily related to foreign currency and interest rate fluctuations. In the normal course of business, we employ established policies and procedures to manage the exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency values and changes in interest rates.
Foreign Currency Risk
The U.S. dollar is our reporting and functional currency for our subsidiaries, except for our Japan operations, where the Japanese yen is the functional currency. In order to reduce our exposure to foreign currency gains and losses, we use natural hedging techniques and forward contracts to mitigate foreign currency risk.
We have foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency. We performed a sensitivity analysis of our foreign currency exposure as of September 30, 2024 to assess the potential impact of fluctuations in exchange rates for all foreign denominated assets and liabilities. Assuming that all foreign currencies appreciated 10% against the U.S. dollar and taking into account our foreign currency forward contracts, our income before taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 would have been approximately $18 million lower, due to the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities.
In addition, we have foreign currency exchange rate exposure on our results of operations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, approximately 90% of our net sales were denominated in U.S. dollars. Our remaining net sales were principally denominated in Japanese yen. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, approximately 60% of
our cost of sales and operating expenses were denominated in U.S. dollars and were largely for raw materials and costs associated with property, plant and equipment. The remaining portion of our cost of sales and operating expenses was principally denominated in the Asian currencies where our production facilities are located and largely consisted of labor. To the extent that the U.S. dollar weakens against these Asian-based currencies, similar foreign currency denominated income and expenses in the future will result in higher sales, higher cost of sales and operating expenses, with cost of sales and operating expenses having the greater impact on our financial results. Similarly, our sales, cost of sales and operating expenses will decrease if the U.S. dollar strengthens against these foreign currencies. We performed a sensitivity analysis of our foreign currency exposure as of September 30, 2024 to assess the potential impact of fluctuations in exchange rates for all foreign denominated sales and operating expenses. Assuming that all foreign currencies appreciated 10% against the U.S. dollar, our operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 would have been approximately $109 million lower.
There are inherent limitations in the sensitivity analysis presented, primarily the assumption that foreign exchange rate movements across multiple jurisdictions would change instantaneously in an equal fashion. As a result, the analysis is unable to reflect the potential effects of more complex market or other changes that could arise which may positively or negatively affect our results of operations.
Our Consolidated Financial Statements are impacted by changes in exchange rates at the entity where the local currency is the functional currency. To mitigate this impact, we started to hedge certain net investment positions in foreign subsidiaries by entering into foreign currency forward contracts that are designated as hedges of net investments beginning in April 2024. The effect of foreign exchange rate translation for these entities, inclusive of our foreign currency forward contracts, was a loss of $6.0 million and $14.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and was recognized as an adjustment to equity through other comprehensive income (loss).
Interest Rate Risk
We have interest rate risk with respect to our available-for-sale debt investments. Our investment portfolio consists of various security types and maturities, with our portfolio primarily having maturities of one year or less. Our primary objective with our investment portfolio is to invest available cash while preserving capital and meeting liquidity needs. These securities are subject to interest rate risk and will decrease in value if market interest rates increase. Due to the relatively short-term nature of our investment portfolio, we believe that an immediate increase in interest rates will not have a material impact on the fair value of our available-for-sale debt investments. For information regarding our available-for-sale debt investments, see Note 7 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
In addition, we have interest rate risk with respect to our debt. Our fixed and variable rate debt includes foreign borrowings, revolving credit facilities and senior notes. Changes in interest rates have different impacts on the fixed and variable rate portions of our debt portfolio. A change in interest rates on the fixed portion of the debt portfolio impacts the fair value of the debt instrument but has no impact on interest expense or cash flows. A change in interest rates on the variable portion of the debt portfolio impacts the interest incurred and cash flows but will not have a material impact on the fair value of the instrument.
The table below presents the interest rates, maturities and fair value of our fixed and variable rate debt as of September 30, 2024:
2024 - Remaining
2025
2026
2027
2028
Thereafter
Total
Fair Value
($ in thousands)
Fixed rate debt
$
29,834
$
129,649
$
114,471
$
621,230
$
74,368
$
—
$
969,552
$
962,361
Average interest rate
1.4
%
1.7
%
1.8
%
5.9
%
2.0
%
—
%
4.4
%
Variable rate debt
$
2,000
$
91,500
$
43,000
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
136,500
$
135,880
Average interest rate
5.8
%
5.6
%
6.6
%
—
%
—
%
—
%
5.9
%
Total debt maturities
$
31,834
$
221,149
$
157,471
$
621,230
$
74,368
$
—
$
1,106,052
$
1,098,241
For information regarding the fair value of our long-term debt, see Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports to the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, based on the definition of “disclosure controls and procedures” in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2024 and concluded those disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of that date.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of changes to our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2024. There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Information about legal proceedings is set forth in Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and in Note 17 to the 2023 Form 10-K.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The factors discussed below are cautionary statements that identify important factors and risks that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q. For more information, see the Forward-Looking Statements within this Form 10-Q. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information included in this Form 10-Q, in considering our business and prospects. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing Amkor. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also adversely affect our business operations. The occurrence of any of the risks and uncertainties described below could materially and adversely affect our business, liquidity, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
Summary of Risk Factors
An investment in our common stock involves various risks, and you are urged to carefully consider all of the matters discussed in Part II, Item 1A of this Form 10-Q under the caption “Risk Factors” (in addition to those discussed under this “Summary of Risk Factors” section) in considering our business and prospects. The following is a list of some of these risks:
Risks Related to Our Business, Operations and Industry
•dependence on the cyclical and volatile semiconductor industry and vulnerability to industry downturns and declines in global economic and financial conditions;
•changes in costs, quality, availability and delivery times of raw materials, components and equipment;
•fluctuations in operating results and cash flows;
•competition with established competitors in the packaging and test business, the internal capabilities of integrated device manufacturers (“IDMs”), and new competitors, including foundries and contract manufacturers;
•our substantial investments in equipment and facilities to support the demand of our customers;
•difficulty achieving the relatively high-capacity utilization rates necessary to realize satisfactory gross margins given our high percentage of fixed costs;
•our absence of backlog and the short-term nature of our customers’ commitments;
•the historical downward pressure on the prices of our packaging and test services;
•fluctuations in our manufacturing yields;
•a downturn or lower sales to customers in the automotive industry;
•dependence on key customers or concentration of customers in certain end markets, such as mobile communications and automotive;
截至2024年9月30日,我們董事會的執行主席James J. Kim,執行副主席Susan Y. Kim,以及Kim家族成員和聯屬公司擁有約13210萬股,相當於我們流通在外的普通股約54%。Kim家族還擁有約60萬股的期權。如果這些期權被行使,Kim家族的總持股量將達到約13270萬股,相當於我們流通在外的普通股約54%。
我們在國外賺取可觀收入的部分,且我們的業務受制於具有複雜和多樣化稅收制度的多個司法管轄區的稅收。由於經濟和政治條件,這些司法管轄區的稅法和所得稅率可能會發生變化。外國司法管轄區的稅法變化可能起因於經濟合作暨發展組織(“OECD”)所進行的基礎侵蝕和利潤轉移項目。OECD代表成員國聯盟,建議改變有關轉移定價的長期稅務原則,並已制定範本法則,包括制定全球最低企業稅的試金石基礎上的公司所得稅(“Pillar Two Model Rules”)。我們運營的一些國家已經開始實施基於Pillar Two Model Rules的法律,將在2024年生效。我們認為Pillar Two Model Rules對我們2024年的結果沒有實質影響。然而,不能保證當各國獨立修改其稅法以採用Pillar Two Model Rules時,我們的有效稅率、納稅金額或受限制的減免稅率不會受到不利影響。美國或外國稅法的變化,包括針對現行稅法的新指南或修改,可能對我們的資金流動性,營運結果,財務狀況和現金流量帶來重大不利影響。
We monitor on an ongoing basis our ability to utilize our deferred tax assets and whether there is a need for a related valuation allowance. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets in the jurisdiction from which they arise, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies and recent results of operations. In the event taxable income falls short of current expectations, we may need to establish a valuation allowance against such deferred tax assets that, if required, could materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
Environmental, health and safety liabilities and expenditures could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operation and financial condition.
Environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in places we do business impose various controls on the use, storage, handling, discharge and disposal of chemicals used or generated in, or emitted by, our production processes, on the factories we occupy and on the materials contained in semiconductor products. For example, at our foreign facilities we produce liquid waste when semiconductor wafers are diced into chips with the aid of diamond saws, then cooled with running water. In addition, semiconductor packages have historically utilized metallic alloys containing lead within the interconnect terminals typically referred to as leads, pins or balls. The European Union’s Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment directive and similar laws in other jurisdictions, including China, impose strict restrictions on the placement into the market of electrical and electronic equipment containing lead and certain other hazardous substances. We may become liable under these and other environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including for the cost of compliance and cleanup of any disposal or release of hazardous materials arising out of our former or current operations, or otherwise as a result of the emission of greenhouse gases (“GHGs”) or other chemicals, the existence of hazardous materials on our properties or the existence of hazardous substances in the products for which we perform our services. We could also be held liable for damages, including fines, penalties and the cost of investigations and remedial actions, and we could be subject to revocation of permits, which may materially and adversely affect our ability to maintain or expand our operations. Additionally, if Amkor is unable to align its environmental, health and safety practices with shifting customer preferences, we could suffer reputational harm, which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, liquidity and cash flows.
There has also been an increase in regulatory and public attention and industry and customer focus on the materials contained in semiconductor products, the environmental impact of semiconductor operations and the risk of chemical releases from such operations, climate change, sustainability and related environmental concerns. Increased regulation of and restriction on the use of hazardous substances may impact our supply chain due to decreased availability, necessitate changes in our packaging processes, require us to seek substitutes that may not be readily available in the marketplace or eliminate the use of such hazardous substances although there may not be a technically feasible alternative. This increased focus on sustainability and the environmental impact of semiconductor operations and products has caused industry groups and customers to impose additional requirements on us and our suppliers, sometimes exceeding regulatory standards. These industry and customer requirements include increased tracking and reporting of GHG emissions, reductions in waste and wastewater from operations, additional reporting on the materials and components used in the products for which we perform our services, and the use of renewable energy sources in our factory operations. In addition, recent and ongoing changes to climate change regulation could increase our compliance costs, including as a result of carbon pricing impacts on electrical utilities as well as increased indirect costs resulting from our customers, suppliers, and other stakeholders incurring additional compliance costs that are passed on to us. We have started to incur compliance costs within our existing manufacturing infrastructure, and such costs may increase as we expand our manufacturing capacity. To comply with these additional requirements, we may need to procure additional, or increase the use of, renewable energy, procure additional equipment or make factory or process changes, which could result in increased operating costs.
The incentives from the proposed agreement with the U.S. Department of Commerce (“Commerce”) pursuant to the U.S. CHIPS and Science Act of 2022 (“CHIPS Act”) might not materialize due to the non-binding nature of the agreement, are conditional upon achieving or maintaining certain outcomes and compliance with other obligations, are subject to reduction, termination, or clawback and would impose certain restrictions on our business.
On July 26, 2024, we announced that we had signed a non-binding preliminary memorandum of terms with Commerce to receive proposed funding pursuant to the CHIPS Act. Following the execution of a definitive agreement with Commerce, we expect to receive benefits and incentives designed to encourage us to establish, maintain, and increase investment, workforce, and production in the United States. These incentives may take various forms, including grants,
subsidies, loans, and tax arrangements, and will require us to achieve or maintain certain levels of investment, capital spending, employment, technology deployment, and construction and production milestones to qualify for such incentives and would restrict us from undertaking certain activities. There is no guarantee that we will execute a definitive agreement with Commerce, and if we do not execute a definitive agreement with Commerce, we will not receive the proposed incentives from Commerce. We cannot guarantee that we will successfully achieve and maintain outcomes or be able to comply with other obligations required to qualify for these incentives or that Commerce will provide or continue to provide such funding. These incentive arrangements typically provide Commerce with rights to audit our compliance with their terms and obligations, and such audits could result in modifications to, or termination of, the incentives. To a lesser extent, if we receive federal funding pursuant to the CHIPS Act, we also expect incentives from state and local governments, which may have similar terms and conditions. Any incentives we receive could be subject to reduction, termination, or clawback, and any decrease, termination, or clawback of such government incentives could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition.
General Risk Factors
The Covid-19 pandemic impacted, and may impact in the future, the supply chain and consumer demand for our customers’ products and services, and such impact on the supply chain and consumer demand may ultimately have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic varied by location, by industry and by end market. We, our suppliers and our customers were disrupted by worker illness and absenteeism, quarantines and restrictions on employees’ ability to work, office and factory closures, disruptions to ports and other shipping infrastructure and border closures or other travel or health-related restrictions. Restrictions on our workforce or access to our manufacturing facilities, or similar limitations for our suppliers, or restrictions or disruptions of transportation in order to contain the spread of Covid-19 caused disruptions to our supply chain in connection with the sourcing of equipment, supplies and other materials, and similar restrictions in the future could limit our capacity to meet customer demand and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Restrictions may be implemented in response to the emergence of new variants or re-emergence of Covid-19, and such restrictions may materially and adversely impact our operations and the operations of our customers and suppliers.
Our business and financial condition has been adversely affected, and could be adversely affected in the future, by natural disasters and other calamities, health conditions or pandemics, political instability, hostilities or other disruptions.
We have significant packaging and test services and other operations in China, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Portugal, Singapore, Taiwan and the Vietnam Facility. Such operations are or could be subject to: natural disasters, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, floods, droughts, volcanoes and other severe weather and geological events, and other calamities, such as fire; the outbreak of infectious diseases (such as Covid-19 and other coronaviruses, Ebola or flu); industrial strikes; government-imposed travel restrictions or quarantines; breakdowns of equipment; difficulties or delays in obtaining materials, equipment, utilities and services; political events or instability; acts of war or armed conflict (such as ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and Israel); terrorist incidents and other hostilities in regions where we have facilities; and industrial accidents and other events, that could disrupt or even shut down our operations. While our global manufacturing footprint allows us to shift production to other factories without substantial cost or production delays, certain of our services are currently performed using equipment located in one or only a subset of our factories. A major disruption or shutdown of any such factory could completely impair our ability to perform those services or require us to shift them to another location. As a result, our ability to fulfill customer orders may be impaired or delayed, and we could incur significant losses.
For example, in April 2016, our Kumamoto factory was damaged by earthquakes in Japan. As a result of these earthquakes, our sales were reduced due to the temporary disruption in operations, and we incurred earthquake-related costs for damaged inventory, buildings and equipment. Our suppliers and customers also have significant operations in such locations, and this could compound the effect of any such disruption. In the event of such a disruption or shutdown, we may be unable to reallocate production to other facilities in a timely or cost-effective manner (if at all), and we may not have sufficient capacity, or customer approval, to service customer demands in our other facilities. A natural disaster or other calamity, political instability, the occurrence of hostilities or other event that results in a prolonged disruption to
our operations, or the operations of our customers or suppliers, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In addition, some of the processes that we utilize in our operations place us at risk of fire and other damage. For example, highly flammable gases are used in the preparation of wafers holding semiconductor devices for flip chip packaging.
We maintain insurance policies for various types of property, casualty and other risks, but we do not carry insurance for all the above referred risks. With regard to the insurance we do maintain, we cannot assure you that it would be sufficient to cover all of our potential losses. As a result, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected by natural disasters and other calamities.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Repurchase of Equity Securities
The following table provides information regarding repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased (a)
Average Price Paid Per Share ($)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (b)
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs ($) (b)
July 1 - July 31
6
$
39.77
—
$
—
August 1 - August 31
22,526
32.17
—
—
September 1 - September 30
—
—
—
—
Total
22,532
$
32.18
—
(a)Represents shares of common stock surrendered to us to satisfy tax withholding obligations associated with the shares issued to employees in connection with share-based compensation.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
During the three months ended September 30, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as such terms are defined in paragraphs (a) and (c), respectively, of Item 408 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
By:
/s/ Megan Faust
Megan Faust
Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)