UNITED STATES
証券取引委員会
ワシントンD.C.20549

スケジュール14A

第14(a)条に基づくプロキシ声明書
1934年の証券取引所法

適切なボックスを確認してください：

１８０・ライフ・サイエンシス
（定款に規定された登録者の氏名）

登録費支払い（該当するすべてのボックスにチェックを入れてください）：

3000 El Camino Rd.、ビル4、スイート200
Palo Alto、カリフォルニア94306

2024年11月11日

株主の皆様へ

取締役会（」ボード」) と デラウェア州の企業である180ライフサイエンス社の役員（」会社」)、私たちと一緒に心のこもった挨拶をしましょう 開催予定の2024年定時株主総会（私たちは年次総会または総会）への招待状（件名 その延期または延期に：

ビジネスに関する詳細は、添付の通知書と代理委任届に詳述されています。https://agm.issuerdirect.com/atnf今後、バーチャルミーティングに参加する手順についての指示に従うことで、Control IDおよびRequest IDを使用してインターネットを介して年次総会に参加し、投票し、質問を提出することができます。年次総会中に電子投票することもできます。

証券取引委員会の規則により許可されているため、「セキュリティと取引所公』にインターネットを介してプロキシ資料へのアクセスを提供しています。SECランブル委員会そのため、株主総会の開催終了時点をもって2024年11月11日またはその前後に、2024年11月11日のビジネス終了時点を記録した私たちの株主に対してプロキシ資料のインターネットへの利用可能通知、またはE-プロキシ通知を送信しています。E-プロキシ通知には、このプロセスの使用に関する指示が含まれており、プロキシ声明と年次報告書へのアクセス方法、プロキシのオンライン投票方法が記載されています。さらに、E-プロキシ通知には、プロキシ声明と年次報告書の紙のコピーを受け取る方法や、プロキシ声明と年次報告書をインターネットで受け取る方法についての手順が記載されています。これらの規則により、情報提供が必要な情報を提供しつつ、配信コストを抑え、年次総会の環境への影響を減らすことができると考えています。

年次総会の通知および委任状はこちらでも入手可能です https://www.iproxydirect.com/atnfこのウェブサイトには、2023年12月31日までの当社の10-K形式の年次報告書のコピーも含まれており、私たちが年次報告書と呼んでいます。 株主は、当社の本社まで連絡することで、委任状と年次報告書のコピーをリクエストすることもできます。電話番号は(650) 507-0669です。

毎年の会議に関連して、付属の委任状附属書に詳細に記載されているある提案について検討し、投票していただくようお願い申し上げます。 年次総会に出席する予定があるかどうかにかかわらず、委任状附属書（および参照により委任状附属書に組み込まれた文書）をお読みいただき、投票前にそのような情報を慎重に検討してください。添付された年次総会通知および委任状附属書には、株主が年次総会で検討し実施すべき業務が記載されています。これらの資料をご確認いただき、株を投票してください。

あなたの投票は非常に重要です。 毎年開催される株主総会に出席する予定であっても、株主名簿に名前が記載されている場合は、できるだけ早く郵送、ファックス、インターネット、または電話で代理投票を提出して、株主総会であなたの株式が代表されるようにしてください。銀行、ブローカー、その他の代理人を通じて「ストリートネーム」で会社の株式を保有している場合、その銀行、ブローカー、またはその他の代理人によって提供された投票手順に従って投票する必要があります。これには、インターネットや電話での投票手順が含まれています。

取締役会は、１８０・ライフ・サイエンシス社の選挙プロセスへの参加を奨励し、そのために、株主総会の通知書と代理委任状に記載されている事項に関してあなたの代理権を求めています。

2024年12月27日にお会いできるのを楽しみにしています。私たちの統治におけるあなたの投票と参加は非常に重要です。

敬具

2024年12月27日に開催される株主総会のための代理資料の入手可能性に関する重要な通知。

当社の代理声明と2023年12月31日までのForm 10-Kの年次報告書は、匿名でアクセスできる以下のcookieフリーのウェブサイトで入手できます：https://agm.issuerdirect.com/atnf（このリンクは大文字と小文字を区別します）。株主は会議前にも投票できます：www.iproxydirect.com/atnf（このリンクは大文字と小文字を区別します）。

１８０・ライフ・サイエンシス
３０００エル・カミノ道路、ビル４号、スイート２００
Palo Alto、カリフォルニア94306

2024年株主総会に関する通知
2024年12月27日に開催予定です

１８０・ライフ・サイエンシス株主の皆様へ：

私たちは、１８０・ライフ・サイエンシス株式会社（デラウェア州法人）の２０２４年の株主総会に関する通知を提供し、ご出席をお願い申し上げます。180 ライフ」、"会社”, “私たちはVIE協定に関連するリスクファクター私たち」と呼ばれる年次総会総会。会議はライブオーディオウェブキャストを通じて仮想的に開催されます。https://agm.issuerdirect.com/atnf。詳細は「バーチャル年次総会の手順」を参照のこと。 ページ１から始まります。 以下の目的のために年次総会が開催されます：

取締役会は全会一致で、「ご投票をお勧めします」と投票してください。全セクター全セクターの提案一番賛成全セクターの提案二番、三番、四番、五番、六番。

上記の議案のいずれかについては、上記の日付またはその後に延期または中断された日付のいずれかで会議で行動をとる可能性があります。当社は、株主総会でその他のビジネスを処理することは期待していません。取締役会は、2024年10月31日のビジネス終了を、年次総会およびその延期または中断に参加する権利のある株主を決定するための配当基準日として設定しました。したがって、その日のビジネス終了時に保有者である普通株および優先株株主だけが、年次総会の通知および投票の権利を有します。

私たちは心からあなたを招待します 年次総会に出席してください。ただし、年次総会に必ず出席してもらうために、あなたの名前が記載されている人物の承認をお願いします 代理カード：フリーダイヤルの電話番号に電話するか、代理カードをファックスするか、説明されているようにインターネットを使用して、株式の議決権を行使します 代理カードまたは投票指示カードに同梱されている説明書に記載されています。あるいは、代理人の紙のコピーを受け取った場合は カードを郵送してください。必要事項を記入し、日付を記入し、署名して、すぐに代理カードを返却してください。だからといって会議での投票が妨げられるわけではありませんが 定足数を確保し、追加の勧誘費用を避けるのに役立ちます。あなたの株式が」で保有されている場合通りの名前」あなたのブローカーによって または他の候補者、その保有者のみがあなたの株に投票でき、あなたがブローカーに指示しない限り投票することはできません。あなた 株式の議決権行使をブローカーに指示する方法については、ブローカーの指示に従う必要があります。あなたの代理人は取り消されるかもしれません 投票される前ならいつでも。に関するより詳細な情報については、この通知に添付されている委任勧誘状を確認してください 会議で議決すべき事項です。

2024年11月11日頃に株主に郵送される最初のご連絡と同時に利用可能な委任状通知はこちらでも利用できます。https://www.iproxydirect.com/atnfこちらのウェブサイトには、2023年12月31日を終了日とする年次報告書であるForm 10-Kにもアクセスできます。このことを2023年年次報告書と呼んでいます。株主は、当社の本社までお問い合わせいただくことで、委任状通知書と当社の年次報告書のコピーをリクエストすることもできます。(650) 507-0669でメインオフィスにお問い合わせください。

年次総会に出席する予定があっても、出席できない場合は、できるだけ早くプロキシカードの指示に従ってプロキシを提出し、あなたの株式が年次総会で代表されるようにしてください。

質問がある場合や議決権行使に関する支援が必要な場合は、当社の委任投票代理人であるイシュアーダイレクトコーポレーションにお問い合わせください。電話番号は(919) 481-4000、または1-866-752-VOTE (8683)です。

取締役会の指示により：

目次

付録:

付録 A — １８０・ライフ・サイエンシス社の２０２２年総合機動的インセンティブ・プランの第３改正

付録 B ー第３次修正及び再発行された１８０・ライフ・サイエンシス社２０２２年総量奨励プラン

プロキシ声明
2024年株主総会のため

概要

180ライフサイエンス株式会社（」私たち、” “私たち”, “私たちの」または」会社」) は、これらの資料をインターネットで、または、あなたに提供しています リクエストは、会社による代理人の勧誘に関連して、これらの資料の印刷版を郵送であなたに届けました 2024年の年次株主総会（私たちは年次総会と呼んでいます）で使用するため、または」ミーティング」、12月に 太平洋標準時27日、2024年午後1時、およびその延期または延期時。会議はバーチャルに開催されます ライブオーディオウェブキャストでhttps://agm.issuerdirect.com/atnf。「バーチャル年次総会の説明」も参照してください。 1ページ目から始まります。

これらの資料は2024年11月11日頃に株主に送付または渡されました。 オンラインでの年次総会にご出席いただくようご招待いたします。また、本委任状書に記載されている提案に投票いただくようお願い申し上げます。

この代理書面に含まれる情報

この代理人声明書の情報は、年次総会で投票される提案、投票プロセス、取締役および重役の報酬、企業ガバナンス、およびその他の必要な情報に関連しています。 この代理人声明書には、2023年12月31日にSECに提出された企業の形式10-Kに関する年次報告書のコピーが含まれています。2024年3月25日に提出されました（「2023年の年次報告書」）。これらの資料の印刷バージョンを郵送でリクエストした場合、これらの資料には、年次総会用の代理投票カードと投票指示フォームも含まれています。

仮想年次総会の手順

今年は当社の年次会議が完全にバーチャル会議になります。物理的な会議場所はありません。会議はライブオーディオウェブキャストのみで行われます。

仮想会議に参加するには、訪れてくださいhttps://agm.issuerdirect.com/atnf、プロキシカード上のコントロール番号を入力するか、プロキシ資料に添付された指示に従ってください。

アニュアルミーティングが予定されている時間の15分前にチェックイン/ログインすることをお勧めします。会議が始まる前に、技術的な問題が解決されるようにしてください。

ミーティング中には、ミーティングウェブサイトで利用可能な指示に従って投票することができます。 私たちの最高の知識によれば、バーチャルミーティングプラットフォームは、適用可能なソフトウェアとプラグインの最新バージョンを実行しているデスクトップ、ノートパソコン、タブレット、およびセル電話を含むブラウザ全般（Internet Explorer、Firefox、Chrome、Safari）およびデバイス全般で完全サポートされています。 参加者は、ミーティングに参加する場所で強力なインターネット接続があることを確認する必要があります。 参加者はまた、ミーティングの開始前にストリーミングオーディオを聞くことができることを確認するために、ロギングインするのに十分な時間を確保する必要があります。

年次総会中の質問

年次総会で行われるビジネスの終了後、私たちはすぐに経営陣との質疑応答セッションを行う予定です。

会議中はいつでも質問を提出できます。上記のアドレスに記載されている会議ポータルの指示に従って質問を提出してください。会議の議長は、年次総会を秩序正しく行うための幅広い権限を持ち、行動規範を確立することが含まれます。行動規範のコピーは、年次総会のオンラインで入手可能になります。

質問は会議の主催者に中継され、審査のために会議の議長に転送されます。会議で行動が必要な事項に関する質問は、適切に提示された後に回答されます。提案と関係のない株主からの質問は、トピック別にグループ化され、代表的な質問が読み上げられ、時間が許す限り、質問が重要な非公開情報、オフトピックの項目、または議長が自らの裁量で対処すべきと考えるその他の事項に関連していない場合に回答されます。

仮想会議のウェブサイトへのアクセスに問題があるか技術的な困難

技術者が利用可能です。 仮想会議のウェブサイトにアクセスする際に技術的な問題が発生した場合は、お手伝いいたします。チェックインや会議中に仮想会議にアクセスできない場合は、サポートのために844-399-3386にお電話ください。

プロキシ資料の入手可能に関する重要なお知らせ

証券取引委員会が採択した規則に基づき、会社は株主にプロキシ資料を提供する主要手段としてインターネットを使用しています。したがって、当社は株主にプロキシ資料のインターネットでの提供の通知（「通知」）を送付しています。全株主は、株主総会、インターネットを通じて当社の2023年度報告書を含むプロキシ資料にアクセスする能力がありますhttps://www.iproxydirect.com/atnfまた、プロキシ資料へのアクセス方法や印刷コピーのリクエスト方法についての説明が通知書に記載されています。通知書には、株主が株式を投票する際に必要な管理番号が含まれています。会議日まで参照のために通知書を保管してください。さらに、株主は、郵便または電子メールで印刷された形式でプロキシ資料を受け取るようリクエストすることができます。当社は株主が年次総会の環境への影響を軽減するために、インターネット上でのプロキシ資料の利用をお勧めしています。

配当基準日と投票権利のある株式

ビジネスの終了時点で記録株主であった場合には、2024年10月31日時点での株主について、年次総会の通知および投票を受ける権利があります（「配当基準日”).

営業終了時点の 配当基準日 には、(a) 当社の 普通株式 が発行済み株式として[ ]株がありました；(b) 当社の Series A Convertible 优先股 が発行されていません；(c) 当社の優先株式 クラスC 特別議決権株式が発行されていません；(d) 当社の優先株式 クラスK 特別議決権株式が発行されていません；および (e) 当社の Series B Convertible Preferred Stock が100万株発行済み株式としてありました。

普通株式は全セクターの株主事項について1票を投じ、シリーズb転換優先股には提案に関連する投票権がありません。その結果、配当基準日時点で[    ]の総投票株式を持っていました。

全セクターの未決済の株主の少なくとも3分の1の投票権を持つ者が出席しなければ、我々が優越するために必要な定足数を満たすために、会議で投票できる株主の少なくとも3分の1の支持を映さなければいけません。会議に出席するか、会議前に（かつ取り消さない）会合に到達したことが議決権を有する一部の株主が出席します。会議か（郵便、ファックス、電話、またはインターネットを通じて）送信しされた委任状を提出した場合にあなたは出席したことになります。

正確に実施され、私たちに適時到着する場合、代理投票権（郵送、FAX、電話、またはインターネットを通じて提供されたものを含む）で代表される株式は、あなたの指示に従って投票されます。代理権を行使しても指示を提供しない場合、Proposal One については「全セクター」と投票され、Proposal Two、Three、Four、Five および Six については「賛成」と投票されます。それ以外は代理投票者によって決定されます。

全セクターの期待する事柄は、年次総会通知書に記載されています。その他の適切な事項が当社の年次総会に提出された場合は、委任状に記載された者が、そのような事項について、適切に執行された委任状により代表される株式について、最善の判断で投票します。

投票プロセス

株主名簿に記載されている場合、投票方法は以下の5つがあります:

銀行やブローカーを通じて口座を持っている場合、投票指示を提供しない場合、銀行やブローカーによる株式の投票はニューヨーク証券取引所（NYSE）の規則によって規制されます。nyseNYSEの規則によると、ブローカーや銀行、その他のノミニーは、顧客が投票指示を提供しない場合に特定の「」問題について株式を投票することができます。ルーチン 」案件のみが「」案件です。したがって、ブローカーや銀行、その他のノミニーに投票方法を指示しない場合、ブローカーや銀行、その他のノミニーは「」案件について株式を自由裁量で投票する権限があります。ルーチン 「投票指示案ごとの投票要件」も参照してください。

委任状の提出と取り消し

株主が当社の定期株主総会に出席しても、その株主の委任状は自動的に取り消されるわけではありません。ただし、株主は、次の方法でその委任状を行使する前にいつでも取り消すことができます:

ミーティングの時間と場所：バーチャル年次 ミーティング

株主総会への出席は、2024年10月31日の配当基準日の時点で普通株式および优先股を保有している株主およびその他の保有者に制限されており、また当日のビジネス終了時点での株主と優先股を所有する者、およびその他のゲストに限られています。株主総会への入場には、コントロール番号の提供が求められます。もし銀行、ブローカー、またはその他の名義で株を保有していて、株主総会に参加する予定の場合は、該当の銀行、ブローカー、またはその他の名義からコントロール番号を取得する必要があります。または、イシュアーダイレクトコープに連絡してコントロール番号を取得する必要があります。連絡先は(919) 481-4000、または1-866-752-VOTE (8683)です。ミーティングの録音は許可されていません。株主総会では、会社の株主にはミーティングに参加し、株主に提出された事項に投票する機会が与えられます。また、会議の進行を実質的に同時に読むか聞くことができるように、コミュニケーションする機会が提供されます。

会議の運営

会議の議長は、毎年の会議を秩序正しく、時間通りに行うための広範な責任と法的権限を有しています。この権限には、会議に発言したい株主のためのルールを確立することが含まれます。発言することができるのは、株主または有効な代理人のみです。議長は、発言を希望する株主を認識し、各ビジネスアイテムについての議論の範囲を決定する際に、広い裁量権を行使することができます。会社の株主の数、今年の議題の数、そして合理的な時間内に会議を終了する必要があることを考慮すると、全ての株主がビジネスアイテムについて発言したいと希望する場合に、全員に発言の機会を保証することはできません。

各提案の投票要件

For Proposal 1, the three nominees receiving the highest number of affirmative votes of the shares entitled to be voted for them will be elected as directors to serve for a term of two years and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, unless the elected director is removed or resigns earlier. This means that the director nominees with the most “for” votes will be elected. Thus, shares as to which a stockholder “withholds” voting authority and broker non-votes will not be counted towards any director nominee’s achievement of a plurality and will not affect the outcome of the election of directors. Stockholders may not cumulate their votes in favor of any one nominee.

Approval of Proposals 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast on such proposals present in person or represented by proxy at the annual meeting and entitled to vote thereon, provided that a quorum exists at the annual meeting, and provided further that proposal 3 is non-binding. Votes cast “against” Proposals 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 will count against the approval of the proposals. Abstentions and broker non-votes will not be counted as votes cast, but will be counted as shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote thereon, and will therefore be treated as a vote “against” such proposals. Broker non-votes will not be counted as votes cast, and are not entitled to vote on proposals where shareholders have not provided discretionary authority, and as such will have no effect on these proposals.

If a broker indicates on the proxy that it does not have discretionary authority as to certain shares to vote on a particular matter, those shares will not be considered as present and entitled to vote with respect to that matter. For your vote to be counted, you must submit your voting instruction form to your broker.

As described above, although the Company will include abstentions and broker non-votes as present or represented for purposes of establishing a quorum for the transaction of business, the Company intends to exclude abstentions and broker non-votes from the tabulation of voting results on the election of directors or on any issues requiring approval of a majority of the votes cast at the annual meeting.

Quorum

In order for us to satisfy our quorum requirements, the holders of at least one-third of the voting power of all outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote at the meeting must be present. You will be deemed to be present if you attend the meeting or if you submit a proxy (including through the mail, by fax or by telephone or the Internet) that is received at or prior to the meeting (and not revoked).

Board of Directors Voting Recommendations

Our Board recommends that you vote your shares:

Mailing Costs and Solicitation of Proxies

We will pay the cost of soliciting proxies. Proxies may be solicited on behalf of the Company by directors, officers or employees of the Company in person or by telephone, facsimile or other electronic means. We may also pay Issuer Direct Corporation a fee not to exceed $10,000 plus costs and expenses. In addition, Issuer Direct Corporation and certain related persons may be indemnified against certain liabilities arising out of or in connection with the engagement.

Arrangements may also be made with brokerage firms and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries for the forwarding of material to, and solicitation of proxies from, the beneficial owners of our securities held of record at the close of business on the Record Date by such persons. We will reimburse such brokerage firms, custodians, nominees and fiduciaries for the reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them in connection with any such activities.

Inspector of Voting

It is anticipated that representatives of Issuer Direct Corporation will tabulate the votes and act as inspector of election for the annual meeting.

Stockholders Entitled to Vote at the Meeting

A complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting will be available at our principal executive offices, for any purpose germane to the annual meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of ten days prior to the annual meeting.

Voting Instructions

Your vote is very important. Whether or not you plan to attend the annual meeting, we encourage you to read this proxy statement and submit your proxy or voting instructions as soon as possible. For specific instructions on how to vote your shares, please refer to the instructions on the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (Notice) you received in the mail, or, if you requested to receive printed proxy materials, your enclosed proxy card.

Confidential Voting

Independent inspectors will count the votes. Your individual vote is kept confidential from us unless special circumstances exist. For example, a copy of your proxy card will be sent to us if you write comments on the card, as necessary to meet applicable legal requirements, or to assert or defend claims for or against the Company.

Stockholder of Record and Shares Held in Brokerage Accounts

If on the Record Date your shares were registered in your name with the Company’s transfer agent, then you are a stockholder of record and you may vote in person at the meeting, by proxy or by any other means supported by the Company. If on the Record Date your shares were held in an account at a brokerage firm, bank, dealer, or other similar organization, then you are the beneficial owner of shares held in “street name” and these proxy materials (or the Notice) are required to be forwarded to you by that organization. The organization holding your account is considered the stockholder of record for purposes of voting at the annual meeting. As a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker or other agent on how to vote the shares in your account. You are also invited to attend the annual meeting. However, you must obtain your control number from such bank, broker, or other nominee, or contact Issuer Direct Corporation at (919) 481-4000, or 1-866-752-VOTE (8683) to obtain your control number, in order to be admitted and since you are not the stockholder of record, you may not vote your shares by following the instructions available on the meeting website during the meeting unless you request and obtain a valid proxy from your broker or, other agent.

Multiple Stockholders Sharing the Same Address

The SEC has adopted rules that permit companies and intermediaries such as brokers to satisfy delivery requirements for proxy materials with respect to two or more stockholders sharing the same address by delivering a single proxy statement addressed to those stockholders. This process, which is commonly referred to as “householding,” potentially provides extra convenience for stockholders and cost savings for companies. The Company, as well as some brokers (or other nominees), household the Company’s Proxy Materials, which means that we or they deliver a single Proxy Statement and 2023 Annual Report to multiple stockholders sharing an address unless contrary instructions have been received from the affected stockholders. Once you have received notice from your broker (or other nominee) or from us that they or we will be householding materials to your address, householding will continue until you are notified otherwise or until you revoke your consent. If, at any time, you no longer wish to participate in householding and would prefer to receive a separate Proxy Statement or Annual Report in the future, or if you are receiving multiple copies of the Proxy Statement and Annual Report and wish for only one copy to be delivered to your household in the future, please notify (i) your broker (or other nominee) if your shares are held in a brokerage or similar account or (ii) the Company if you hold registered shares in your own name. We will promptly deliver a separate Proxy Statement to record stockholders upon written or oral request. You can notify us of your instructions by telephone at (650) 507-0669 or by sending a written request to our Corporate Secretary at our principal executive offices at 3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, California 94306, or a stockholder may make a request by calling our Investor Relations at (650) 507-0669.

If you receive more than one Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, it means that your shares are registered differently and are held in more than one account. To ensure that all shares are voted, please either vote each account as discussed above under “Voting Process” on page 3, or sign and return by mail all proxy cards or voting instruction forms.

Voting Results

The preliminary voting results will be announced at the annual meeting. The final voting results will be tallied by the inspector of voting and published in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, which the Company is required to file with the SEC within four business days following the annual meeting.

Company Mailing Address

The mailing address of our principal executive offices is 3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, California 94306.

Other Matters

As of the date of this proxy statement, the Board of Directors does not know of any business to be presented at the annual meeting other than as set forth in the notice accompanying this proxy statement. If any other matters should properly come before the annual meeting, it is intended that the shares represented by proxies will be voted with respect to such matters in accordance with the judgment of the persons voting the proxies.

Background of the Company

On November 6, 2020, the Company (formerly known as KBL Merger Corp. IV (prior to the closing of the Business Combination (defined below), sometimes referred to herein as “KBL”) consummated the previously announced business combination (the “Business Combination”) following a special meeting of stockholders, where the stockholders of the Company considered and approved, among other matters, a proposal to adopt that certain Business Combination Agreement (as amended, the “Business Combination Agreement”), dated as of July 25, 2019, entered into by and among the Company, KBL Merger Sub, Inc. (“Merger Sub”), 180 Life Corp. (f/k/a 180 Life Sciences Corp.) (“180”), Katexco Pharmaceuticals Corp. (“Katexco”), CannBioRex Pharmaceuticals Corp. (“CBR Pharma”), 180 Therapeutics L.P. (“180 LP” and together with Katexco and CBR Pharma, the “180 Subsidiaries” and, together with 180, the “180 Parties”), and Lawrence Pemble, in his capacity as representative of the stockholders of the 180 Parties (the “Stockholder Representative”). Pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement, among other things, Merger Sub merged with and into 180, with 180 continuing as the surviving entity and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”). The Merger became effective on November 6, 2020 (the closing of the Merger being referred to herein as the “Closing”). In connection with, and prior to, the Closing, 180 filed a Certificate of Amendment of its Certificate of Incorporation in Delaware to change its name to 180 Life Corp., and KBL Merger Corp. IV (the Company) changed its name to 180 Life Sciences Corp.

Reverse Stock SplitS

Effective on December 19, 2022 at 12:01 a.m. Eastern Time, we affected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of our then outstanding common stock, with any fractional shares rounded up to the nearest whole share. Effective on February 28, 2024 at 12:01 a.m. Eastern Time, we affected a 1-for 19 reverse stock split of our then outstanding common stock with any fractional shares rounded up to the nearest whole share.

In connection with the reverse splits discussed above (the “Reverse Stock Splits”), all outstanding options, warrants, and other securities entitling their holders to purchase or otherwise receive shares of common stock were adjusted, as required by the terms of each security. The number of shares available to be awarded under the Company’s equity incentive plans were also appropriately adjusted. Following the Reverse Stock Splits, the par value of the common stock remained unchanged at $0.0001 par value per share. The Reverse Stock Splits did not change the authorized number of shares of common stock or preferred stock.

The effects of the Reverse Stock Splits have been retroactively reflected throughout this Proxy Statement.

Definitions

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this proxy statement to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” “180 Life”, “180LS” and “180 Life Sciences Corp.” refer specifically to 180 Life Sciences Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries. References to “KBL” refer to the Company prior to the November 6, 2020 Business Combination.

In addition, unless the context otherwise requires and for the purposes of this Proxy Statement only:

Forward-Looking Statements and Website Links

Statements in this Proxy Statement that are “forward-looking statements” are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “potential,” “continue,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” and similar expressions. These statements involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from any future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including any failure to meet stated goals and commitments, and execute our strategies in the time frame expected or at all, as a result of many factors, including the need for additional funding, the terms of such funding, changing government regulations, the outcome of trials and our ability to market and commercialize future products. More information on risks, uncertainties, and other potential factors that could affect our business and performance is included in our other filings with the SEC, including in the “Risk Factors”, “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections of our most recently filed periodic reports on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q and subsequent filings. These forward-looking statements are based on our current estimates and assumptions and, as such, involve uncertainty and risk. Actual results could differ materially from projected results.

We do not assume any obligation to update information contained in this document, except as required by federal securities laws. Although this Proxy Statement may remain available on our website or elsewhere, its continued availability does not indicate that we are reaffirming or confirming any of the information contained herein. Neither our website nor its contents are a part of this Proxy Statement.

Website links included in this Proxy Statement are for convenience only. The content in any website links included in this Proxy Statement is not incorporated herein and does not constitute a part of this Proxy Statement.

Incorporation by Reference

To the extent that this proxy statement has been or will be specifically incorporated by reference into any other filing of the Company under the Securities or the Exchange Act, the sections of this proxy statement titled “Audit Committee Report”, “Pay Versus Performance” and “Relationship Between “Compensation Actually Paid” and Performance”, to the extent permitted by the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC” or the “Commission”), shall not be deemed to be so incorporated, unless specifically provided otherwise in such filing.

References to Additional Information

Included with this proxy statement is a copy of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on March 25, 2024 (the “2023 Annual Report”).

You may also request a copy of this proxy statement and the annual report from Issuer Direct Corporation, the Company’s proxy agent, at the following address and telephone number:

Issuer Direct Corporation
One Glenwood Ave., Suite 1001, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27603
(919) 481-4000, or 1-866-752-VOTE (8683)

Voting Rights and Principal Stockholders

Holders of record of our common stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, at the close of business on the Record Date, will be entitled to vote at the annual meeting, on all matters properly presented at the annual meeting and at any adjournment or postponement thereof.

At the close of business on the Record Date, there were (a) [  ] shares of our common stock outstanding; (b) no shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding; (c) no shares of our Class C Special Voting Shares outstanding; (d) no shares of our Class K Special Voting Shares outstanding; and (e) 1,000,000 shares of our Series B Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding.

The common stock votes one vote on all stockholder matters and the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock have no voting rights in connection with the proposals. As a result, we had an aggregate of [   ] total voting shares as of the Record Date.

Our stockholders do not have dissenters’ rights or similar rights of appraisal with respect to the proposals described herein and, moreover, do not have cumulative voting rights with respect to the election of directors.

Security Ownership of Management and Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

The following table sets forth, as of the Record Date, the number and percentage of outstanding shares of our common stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, beneficially owned by: (a) each person who is known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock; (b) each of our directors; (c) each of our Named Executive Officers (as defined below under “Executive and Director Compensation — Summary Executive Compensation Table”); and (d) all current directors and Named Executive Officers, as a group.

Beneficial ownership has been determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act. Under this rule, certain shares may be deemed to be beneficially owned by more than one person (if, for example, persons share the power to vote or the power to dispose of the shares). In addition, shares are deemed to be beneficially owned by a person if the person has the right to acquire shares (for example, upon exercise of an option or warrant or upon conversion of a convertible security) within 60 days of the date as of which the information is provided. In computing the percentage ownership of any person, the amount of shares is deemed to include the amount of shares beneficially owned by such person by reason of such acquisition rights. As a result, the percentage of outstanding shares of any person as shown in the following table does not necessarily reflect the person’s actual voting power at any particular date.

Beneficial ownership as set forth below is based on our review of our record stockholders list and public ownership reports filed by certain stockholders of the Company, and may not include certain securities held in brokerage accounts or beneficially owned by the stockholders described below.

Unless otherwise indicated, we believe that all persons named in the table below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock beneficially owned by them. Unless otherwise indicated, the business address of each of the entities, directors and executive officers in this table is 3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, California 94306.

Change of Control

The Company is not aware of any arrangements which may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of the Company, except in connection with the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and Warrants as discussed and defined below under “Summary of September 2024 Asset Purchase Agreement; Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and Warrants”. The Series B Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible, on the Stockholder Approval Date (as defined below) or thereafter, into the lesser of (a) 40% of the Company’s post-issuance outstanding shares of common stock (66.7% of the Company’s pre-issuance outstanding shares of common stock); and (b) 10,000,000 shares of common stock, and the Warrants are exercisable for 3,000,000 shares of common stock.

Corporate Governance

The Company promotes accountability for adherence to honest and ethical conduct; endeavors to provide full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that the Company files with the SEC and in other public communications made by the Company; and strives to be compliant with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations.

Board Leadership Structure

Our Board of Directors has the responsibility for selecting the appropriate leadership structure for the Company. In making leadership structure determinations, the Board of Directors considers many factors, including the specific needs of the business and what is in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders.

We do not currently have a Chairperson of our Board of Directors. The Board of Directors believes that because we only have five directors, that this leadership structure is the most effective and efficient for the Company at this time. The Board of Directors does not have a policy as to whether the Chairman should be an independent director, an affiliated director, or a member of management. The Board of Directors believes that its programs for overseeing risk, as described below, would be effective under a variety of leadership frameworks and therefore do not materially affect its choice of structure.

The Board evaluates its structure periodically, as well as when warranted by specific circumstances in order to assess which structure is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders based on the evolving needs of the Company. This approach provides the Board appropriate flexibility to determine the leadership structure best suited to support the dynamic demands of our business.

Risk Oversight

Effective risk oversight is an important priority of the Board of Directors. Because risks are considered in virtually every business decision, the Board of Directors discusses risks throughout the year generally or in connection with specific proposed actions. The Board of Directors’ approach to risk oversight includes understanding the critical risks in the Company’s business and strategy, evaluating the Company’s risk management processes, allocating responsibilities for risk oversight among the full Board of Directors, and fostering an appropriate culture of integrity and compliance with legal responsibilities.

The Board of Directors exercises direct oversight of strategic risks to the Company. The Audit Committee reviews and assesses the Company’s processes to manage business and financial risk and financial reporting risk. It also reviews the Company’s policies for risk assessment and assesses steps management has taken to control significant risks. The Compensation Committee oversees risks relating to compensation programs and policies. In each case management periodically reports to our Board or relevant committee, which provides guidance on risk assessment and mitigation. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee recommends the slate of director nominees for election to the Company’s Board of Directors, identifies and recommends candidates to fill vacancies occurring between annual stockholder meetings, reviews, evaluates and recommends changes to the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, and establishes the process for conducting the review of the Chief Executive Officer’s performance. The Risk, Safety and Regulatory Committee oversees our risk management policies and procedures, reviews our principal risk and compliance policies and our approach to risk management, deals with risk identification and risk assessment for the principal operational, business, compliance, legal and ethics risks facing our company, whether internal or external in nature. (The Company’s committees are described in greater detail below).

In the event the Board has appointed a Chairman, such Chairman can represent the board in communications with stockholders and other stakeholders but cannot individually (however the full Board can) override our Interim Chief Executive Officer on, any risk matters. Additionally, our Chairman has not traditionally provided input on design of the Board itself, which instead comes from the full Board. As discussed above, we do not currently have a Chairman of the Board.

While the Board and its committees oversee the Company’s strategy, management is charged with its day-to-day execution. To monitor performance against the Company’s strategy, the Board receives regular updates and actively engages in dialogue with management.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships among executive officers and directors.

Arrangements between Officers and Directors

There is no arrangement or understanding between our directors and executive officers and any other person pursuant to which any director or officer was or is to be selected as a director or officer. There are also no arrangements, agreements or understandings to our knowledge between non-management stockholders that may directly or indirectly participate in or influence the management of our affairs.

Other Directorships

None of the directors of our Company are also directors of issuers with a class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act (or which otherwise are required to file periodic reports under the Exchange Act), other than:

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

To the best of our knowledge, except as disclosed in the biographies of such persons below, during the past ten years, none of our directors or executive officers were involved in any of the following: (1) any bankruptcy petition filed by or against any business of which such person was a general partner or executive officer either at the time of the bankruptcy or within two years prior to that time; (2) any conviction in a criminal proceeding or being a named subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses); (3) being subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities; (4) being found by a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the SEC or the Commodities Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law; (5) being the subject of, or a party to, any Federal or State judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, relating to an alleged violation of (i) any Federal or State securities or commodities law or regulation; (ii) any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order; or (iii) any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or (6) being the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member.

Board of Directors Meetings

During the fiscal year that ended on December 31, 2023, the Board held eight meetings and took various other actions via the unanimous written consent of the Board of Directors and the various committees described below. Each director attended at least 75% of all of the Board of Directors meetings and committee meetings of the committees on which they served, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. All nine of the then Company’s directors attended the Company’s 2023 Annual meeting. Each director of the Company is expected to be present at annual meetings of stockholders, absent exigent circumstances that prevent their attendance. Where a director is unable to attend an annual meeting in person but is able to do so by electronic conferencing, the Company will arrange for the director’s participation by means where the director can hear, and be heard, by those present at the meeting.

Board Committee Membership

Our Board of Directors has four standing committees: an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee, a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and a Strategy and Alternatives, Risk, Safety and Regulatory Committee. Our Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are composed solely of independent directors. You can review the charters for our standing Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee by accessing our public filings at the SEC’s web site at www.sec.gov or on our website at https://ir.180lifesciences.com/corporate-governance/board-committees.

The current members of the committees of our Board of Directors are as follows:

C - Chairperson of the Committee.

M - Member of the Committee.

Each of these committees has the duties described below and operates under a charter that has been approved by our Board of Directors.

Audit Committee

NASDAQ listing standards and applicable SEC rules require that the Audit Committee of a listed company be comprised solely of independent directors. We have established an Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, which currently consists of Mr. Ryan Smith and Mr. Jay Goodman. We plan to appoint another independent member of the Audit Committee in the coming weeks to regain compliance with applicable Nasdaq rules which require us to maintain an Audit Committee of at least three persons. Each member of the Audit Committee meets the independent director standard under NASDAQ’s listing standards and under Rule 10A-3(b)(1) of the Exchange Act. Each member of the Audit Committee is financially literate and our Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Smith qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in applicable SEC rules.

Responsibilities of the Audit Committee include:

Compensation Committee

We have established a Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which currently consists of Mr. Ryan Smith and Mr. Jay Goodman.  We have adopted a Compensation Committee charter, which details the principal functions of the Compensation Committee, including:

The Compensation Committee charter also provides that the Compensation Committee may, in its sole discretion, retain or obtain the advice of a compensation consultant, legal counsel or other adviser and will be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of any such adviser. However, before engaging or receiving advice from a compensation consultant, external legal counsel or any other adviser, the Compensation Committee will consider the independence of each such adviser, including the factors required by NASDAQ and the SEC.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

As described above, the current members of the Compensation Committee are independent members of our Board of Directors. No member of the Compensation Committee is an employee or a former employee of the Company. During fiscal 2023, none of our executive officers served on the Compensation Committee (or its equivalent) or Board of Directors of another entity whose executive officer served on our Compensation Committee. Accordingly, the Compensation Committee members have no interlocking relationships required to be disclosed under SEC rules and regulations.

Nominating and Governance Committee

We have established a Nominating and Governance Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which currently consists of Mr. Ryan Smith and Mr. Jay Goodman.  Our Board has determined that each member is independent under applicable NASDAQ listing standards. We have adopted a Compensation Committee charter, which details the principal functions of the nominating and corporate governance committee. Specific responsibilities of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee include:

Strategy and Alternatives, Risk, Safety and Regulatory Committee

We currently have a standing Strategy and Alternatives, Risk, Safety and Regulatory Committee, including each of our current directors. The Strategy and Alternatives, Risk, Safety and Regulatory Committee’s responsibilities encompass overseeing various processes and strategies related to Company transactions, risk management, safety, and regulatory compliance, including:

The Strategy and Alternatives, Risk, Safety and Regulatory Committee also reviews management’s risk tolerance approach from time to time and coordinates risk mitigation efforts with the Board and other committees. 

Director Independence

In evaluating the independence of each of our directors and director nominees, the Board considers transactions and relationships between each director or nominee, or any member of his or her immediate family, and the Company and its subsidiaries and affiliates. The Board also examines transactions and relationships between directors and director nominees or their known affiliates and members of the Company’s senior management and their known affiliates. The purpose of this review is to determine whether any such relationships or transactions are inconsistent with a determination that the director is independent under applicable laws and regulations and Nasdaq listing standards.

Our Board of Directors has affirmatively determined that Ryan Smith and Jay Goodman are each an independent director as defined under the NASDAQ rules governing members of boards of directors and as defined under Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act, and have no relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.

Furthermore, the Board has determined that each of the members of our Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are independent within the meaning of Nasdaq director independence standards applicable to members of such committees, as currently in effect.

The Compensation Committee members also qualify as “non-employee directors” within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

Board Diversity Matrix

Beginning in 2022, we began surveying the Board and asked each director to self-identify their race/ethnicity, gender identity and LGBTQ+ identity. The results are presented in the table below, which provides certain highlights of the composition of our board members and nominees. Each of the categories listed in the below table has the meaning as it is used in Nasdaq Proposed Rule 5605(f).

Under the phase-in transition rules, the Company is required to have, or provide an explanation why it does not have, (x) at least one diverse director by December 31, 2023, and (y) at least two diverse directors by December 31, 2026. As shown in the table above, we do not have at least one diverse director currently. We believe that our current Board members possess sufficient knowledge of our operations and our industry to effectively manage our Company. Moving forward, in the event that our Board and/or Nominating and Governance Committee believe that it is in our best interests to appoint new members to the Board, we plan to take the diversity of such new nominees into factor in determining whether or not to nominate/appoint such persons to the Board. We do not believe that the lack of a diverse director on our Board has had, or in the future will have, a material adverse effect on our Board, the Board’s ability to effectively manage the Company, or any matter proposed to be adopted by the Board.

Website Availability of Documents

The charters of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and our Code of Business Conducts and Ethics can be found on our website at https://ir.180lifesciences.com/corporate-governance/governance-documents. Unless specifically stated herein, documents and information on our website are not incorporated by reference in this proxy statement.

Stockholder Communications with the Board of Directors

Our stockholders and other interested parties may communicate with members of the Board of Directors by submitting such communications in writing to our Corporate Secretary, 3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, California 94306, who, upon receipt of any communication other than one that is clearly marked “Confidential,” will note the date the communication was received, open the communication, make a copy of it for our files and promptly forward the communication to the director(s) to whom it is addressed. Upon receipt of any communication that is clearly marked “Confidential,” our Corporate Secretary will not open the communication, but will note the date the communication was received and promptly forward the communication to the director(s) to whom it is addressed. If the correspondence is not addressed to any particular board member or members, the communication will be forwarded to a board member to bring to the attention of the Board of Directors.

Lead Independent Director

In the past from time to time we have had a lead independent director; however, since May 2024, our Board has operated without a lead independent director. We may in the future appoint one of our independent directors as our lead independent director.

In the event we have a lead director, our lead director: will preside at any meetings of the independent directors, including executive sessions, and take the lead role in communicating to the Co-Chairmen any feedback, as appropriate; will (a) assist in the recruitment of board candidates; (b) have active involvement in board evaluations; (c) have active involvement in establishing committee membership and committee chairs; and (d) have active involvement in the evaluation of the chief executive officer; will provide board performance feedback to the Co-Chairmen; will work with committee chairs as necessary to ensure committee work is conducted at the committee level and appropriately reported to the board; will communicate with the independent directors between meetings when appropriate; and will recommend consultants and outside advisors to the board as necessary or appropriate. The lead director may also attend meetings of committees on which the lead director is not a member.

Executive Sessions of the Board of Directors

The independent members of our Board of Directors meet in executive session (with no management directors or management present) from time to time. The executive sessions include whatever topics the independent directors deem appropriate.

Code of Ethics

We have adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to our directors, officers and employees, which we filed as an exhibit to the registration statement that we filed in connection with our IPO. You can review our Code of Ethics by accessing our public filings at the SEC’s web site at www.sec.gov. In addition, a copy of our Code of Ethics will be provided without charge upon request from us. We intend to disclose any amendments to or waivers of certain provisions of our Code of Ethics in a Current Report on Form 8-K. There have been no waivers granted with respect to our Code of Ethics to any such officers or employees to date.

Policy on Equity Ownership

The Company does not have a policy on equity ownership at this time.

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans

Our executive officers and directors are encouraged to conduct purchase or sale transactions under a trading plan established pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. Through a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, the executive officer or director contracts with a broker to buy or sell shares of our common stock on a periodic basis. The broker then executes trades pursuant to parameters established by the executive officer or director when entering into the plan, without further direction from them. The executive officer or director may amend or terminate the plan in specified circumstances.

Compensation Recovery and Clawback Policies

Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), in the event of misconduct that results in a financial restatement that would have reduced a previously paid incentive amount, we can recoup those improper payments from our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (if any). The SEC also recently adopted rules which direct national stock exchanges to require listed companies to implement policies intended to recoup bonuses paid to executives if the company is found to have misstated its financial results.

On November 7, 2023, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the adoption of a Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Incentive Based Compensation (the “Clawback Policy”), with an effective date of October 2, 2023, in order to comply with the final clawback rules adopted by the SEC under Section 10D and Rule 10D-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Rule 10D-1”), and the listing standards, as set forth in the Nasdaq Listing Rule 5608 (the “Final Clawback Rules”).

The Clawback Policy provides for the mandatory recovery of erroneously awarded incentive-based compensation from current and former executive officers as defined in Rule 10D-1 (“Covered Officers”) of the Company in the event that the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement, in accordance with the Final Clawback Rules. The recovery of such compensation applies regardless of whether a Covered Officer engaged in misconduct or otherwise caused or contributed to the requirement of an accounting restatement. Under the Clawback Policy, the Board of Directors may recoup from the Covered Officers erroneously awarded incentive compensation received within a lookback period of the three completed fiscal years preceding the date on which the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement.

Insider Trading/Anti-Hedging Policies

All employees, officers and directors of, and consultants and contractors to, us or any of our subsidiaries are subject to our Insider Trading Policy. The policy prohibits the unauthorized disclosure of any nonpublic information acquired in the workplace, the misuse of material nonpublic information in securities trading. The policy also includes specific anti-hedging provisions.

To ensure compliance with the policy and applicable federal and state securities laws, all individuals subject to the policy must refrain from the purchase or sale of our securities except in designated trading windows or pursuant to preapproved 10b5-1 trading plans. The anti-hedging provisions prohibit all employees, officers and directors from engaging in “short sales” of our securities.

Report of Audit Committee

The following report of the Audit Committee does not constitute soliciting materials and should not be deemed filed or incorporated by reference into any other Company filing under the Securities Act, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate such report by reference therein.

Audit Committee Report

The Audit Committee, which is comprised exclusively of independent directors, represents and assists the Board of Directors in fulfilling its responsibilities for general oversight of the integrity of the Company’s financial statements, the Company’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, the independent registered public accounting firm’s qualifications and independence, the performance of the Company’s internal audit function and independent registered public accounting firm, and risk assessment and risk management. The Audit Committee manages the Company’s relationship with its independent registered public accounting firm (which reports directly to the Audit Committee). The Audit Committee has the authority to obtain advice and assistance from outside legal, accounting or other advisors as the Audit Committee deems necessary to carry out its duties and receives appropriate funding, as determined by the Audit Committee, from the Company for such advice and assistance.

In connection with the audited financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2023, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (1) reviewed and discussed the audited financial statements with the Company’s management and the Company’s independent auditors; (2) discussed with the Company’s independent auditors the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) and the Securities and Exchange Commission; (3) received and reviewed the written disclosures and the letter from the independent auditors required by the applicable requirements of the PCAOB regarding the independent auditors’ communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence; (4) discussed with the independent auditors the independent auditors’ independence; and (5) considered whether the provision of non-audit services by the Company’s principal auditors is compatible with maintaining auditor independence.

Based upon these reviews and discussions, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of Directors, and the Board of Directors approved, that the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The undersigned members of the Audit Committee have submitted this Report to the Board of Directors.

Respectfully submitted,

Audit Committee

/s/ Ryan Smith, Chair

/s/ Jay Goodman, Member

Information About Our Executive Officers and Directors

Executive Officers

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to our executive officers:

Below is information regarding each executive officer’s biographical information, including their principal occupations or employment for at least the past five years, and the names of other public companies in which such persons hold or have held directorships during the past five years.

BLAIR JORDAN — INTERIM CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER — Information regarding Mr. Jordan is set forth below under “Classified Board of Directors”.

OMAR JIMENEZ — CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AND SECRETARY — Information regarding Mr. Jimenez is set forth below under “Classified Board of Directors”.

Classified Board of Directors

The Board of Directors is divided into two classes. At each annual general meeting of stockholders, the successors to directors whose terms then expire will be elected to serve from the time of election and qualification until the second annual meeting following the election. The directors are divided among the two classes as follows:

Any additional directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors will be distributed among the two classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one-half of the directors. The division of the Board of Directors into two classes with staggered two-year terms may delay or prevent a change of our management or a change in control.

Our current directors are as follows:

Director Nominees

At the annual meeting, three directors are to be re-elected as Class II directors, to hold office until the 2026 annual meeting of stockholders and until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee has recommended, and the Board of Directors has selected, the following nominees for election: Blair Jordan, Ryan Smith and Omar Jimenez, all of whom are currently directors of our company. Each nominee for director has consented to being named in this proxy statement and has indicated a willingness to serve if elected.

There is no arrangement or understanding between our directors and executive officers and any other person pursuant to which any director or officer was or is to be selected as a director or officer, and there is no arrangement, plan or understanding as to whether non-management stockholders will exercise their voting rights to continue to elect the current Board. There are also no arrangements, agreements or understandings to our knowledge between non-management stockholders that may directly or indirectly participate in or influence the management of our affairs.

Although we do not anticipate that any nominee will be unavailable for election, if a nominee is unavailable for election, the persons named as proxyholders will use their discretion to vote for any substitute nominee in accordance with their best judgment as they deem advisable.

Information regarding the director nominees is provided below:

BLAIR JORDAN – INTERIM CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CLASS II DIRECTOR NOMINEE

Mr. Jordan is an experienced senior executive and corporate director with experience in both private and public companies across a variety of sectors. Mr. Jordan currently serves as Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer of HighMont Advisors Inc., a Vancouver-based, globally focused strategy and finance consulting company, specializing in helping clients facing corporate transition; advisory services offered include mergers and acquisitions (M&A), public and private financing, turnaround and restructuring, corporate and business development, positions he has held since January 2020. Mr. Jordan also serves as a senior advisor at Evans & Evans, Inc., a Vancouver based strategic finance consulting and advisory firm, a position he has held since October 2023. Mr. Jordan is also a member of the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors of Flair Airlines Ltd., a private company, where he shares responsibility for capital markets, corporate development, strategic and risk management, a position he has held since March 2024.

Mr. Jordan has extensive public company Board of Directors experience, including in his current roles as a member of the Board of Directors and Audit Committee of Minas Metals Ltd. (CSE:MINA); a member of the Board of Directors and Audit Committee, and chair of the Governance Committee and Compensation Committee of Goldgroup Mining Inc. (TSX:GG); a member of the Board of Directors, Chairman of the Audit Committee and Governance Committee, and member of the Compensation Committee of Standard Uranium Ltd. (TSXV:STND); and a member of the Board of Directors and Audit Committee of Timeless Capital Corp. (TSXV:TMC). Mr. Jordan also serves on various private company Board of Directors.

Mr. Jordan has served as Interim Chief Executive Officer of the Company since May 2024, previously serving as lead independent director of the Company from February 2024 to May 2024. Mr. Jordan served as Chief Financial Officer of HeyBryan Media Inc. (CSE: HEY), a peer-to-peer marketplace app connecting independent contractors to consumers with everyday home maintenance needs, from October 2019 to November 2020. Prior to that he served in several roles with Ascent Industries Corp. (“Ascent”), including Vice President of Corporate Development (January 2018 – July 2018); Chief Financial Officer (August 2018 – April 2019); and Interim Chief Executive Officer (November 2018 – April 2019), where he led the company’s go-public listing and financing transactions. Mr. Jordan was Interim CEO, CFO, and a director of Ascent, when on March 1, 2019, the Supreme Court of British Columbia issued an order granting Ascent’s application for creditor protection under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (Canada) (“CCAA”). On April 26, 2019, Mr. Jordan resigned as an officer and director of Ascent. On May 5, 2020, the receivership was terminated by the court. Mr. Jordan was also a director of Mjardin Group Inc., a diversified cannabis company from May 26, 2021 to March 22, 2022.  PwC, as receiver, determined to place Mjardin Group Inc. into receivership on March 23, 2022. Mr. Jordan resigned as a director immediately prior to the Order of the Superior Court of Ontario in that regard.

Between 2012 and 2017, Mr. Jordan served as Managing Director and Corporate Director with Echelon Wealth Partners Inc., an investment banking firm, with a focus in the technology, biotech and diversified industries fields. Mr. Jordan also worked for Credit Suisse Group for nearly ten years in roles that included Leveraged Finance/Restructuring in Europe, Principal Investing in New York, as well as Special Situations and Convertible Bonds in Asia. Prior to Credit Suisse, Mr. Jordan was a corporate and securities lawyer with Bennett Jones LLP.

His management experience also includes working as CFO and CEO of public companies, and director at a global investment bank. His board experience includes roles at a Canadian investment bank, health sciences companies, mineral exploration and production companies (uranium and gold), an ultra-low cost airline and a Capital Pool Corporation.

Mr. Jordan holds an MBA from The University of Chicago Booth School of Business, with concentrations in Accounting, Finance, Entrepreneurship and International Business. He also has an LL.B from the University of British Columbia where he focused on corporate and securities law, and a BA from the University of Victoria in British Columbia.

We have concluded that Mr. Jordan is well qualified to serve on our Board of Directors based upon his significant business experience, including his background in restructuring, mergers and acquisitions.

OMAR JIMENEZ – CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, SECRETARY AND CLASS II DIRECTOR NOMINEE

Mr. Jimenez has held a variety of senior financial management positions during his career. Mr. Jimenez has served as Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of the Company since September 2024. From April 2021 to September 2024, Mr. Jimenez served as Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial/Accounting Officer) and Chief Compliance Officer of Golden Matrix Group, Inc. (GMGI:NASDAQ), an established business-to-business and business-to-consumer gaming technology company operating across multiple international markets. Since February 2020, Mr. Jimenez has also served as Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of Alfadan, Inc. a pre-startup that will provide a series of marine specific engines ranging from 450 horsepower (HP) to 1,050 HP when the research and development on such engines is completed. From September 2016 to January 2020 and from January 2016 to January 2020, Mr. Jimenez served as Treasurer and Secretary and Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer, respectively, of Monaker Group, Inc. (MKGI:NASDAQ), a travel services company. Mr. Jimenez also served as a member of the Board of Directors of Monaker Group, Inc. from January 2017 to August 2019. From May 2009 to January 2016, he served as the founder of MARMEL International, Inc., a company that provides accounting and consulting services. In addition, from June 2004 to May 2009, he served as President and Chief Financial Officer at American Leisure Holdings, Inc. (AMLH:NASDAQ & ALG:AIM), focusing on leisure and business travel, hospitality & hotels, call centers and real estate development. Mr. Jimenez is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), Chartered Global Management Accountant (CGMA), Chartered Property Casualty Underwriter (CPCU), a Member of the AICPA and FICPA. Mr. Jimenez holds a B.B.A in Accounting and a B.B.A in Finance from the University of Miami and an M.B.A from Florida International University.

We have concluded that Mr. Jimenez is well qualified to serve on our Board of Directors based upon his significant business and accounting experience, including his public company background and his knowledge in compliance matters. 

RYAN L. SMITH – CLASS II DIRECTOR NOMINEE

Since December 2019, Mr. Smith has served as Chief Executive Officer of U.S. Energy Corp. (USEG:NASDAQ)(“U.S. Energy”), an energy company engaged in the development and operation of high-quality energy and industrial gas assets in the United States. Mr. Smith served as Chief Financial Officer of U.S. Energy from May 2017 to June 2023, and has served as a member of the Board of Directors of U.S. Energy since January 2021. Mr. Smith consulted for U.S. Energy from January 2017 to May 2017. Prior to holding that position, Mr. Smith served as Emerald Oil Inc.’s Chief Financial Officer from September 2014 to January 2017 and Vice President of Capital Markets and Strategy from July 2013 to September 2014. Emerald Oil Inc. filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in March 2016 and emerged from bankruptcy in November 2016. Prior to joining Emerald, Mr. Smith was a Vice President in Canaccord Genuity’s Investment Banking Group focused solely on the energy sector. Mr. Smith joined Canaccord Genuity in 2008 and was responsible for the execution of public and private financing engagements along with mergers and acquisitions advisory services. Prior to joining Canaccord Genuity, Mr. Smith was an Analyst in the Wells Fargo Energy Group, working solely with upstream and midstream oil and gas companies. Mr. Smith holds a Bachelor of Business Administration degree in Finance from Texas A&M University.

We have concluded that Mr. Smith is well qualified to serve on our Board of Directors based upon his significant business experience, including his public company background, and capital markets fund raising.

Director Qualifications

The Board believes that each of our directors is highly qualified to serve as a member of the Board. Each of the directors has contributed to the mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications of the Board. When evaluating candidates for election to the Board, the Board seeks candidates with certain qualities that it believes are important, including integrity, an objective perspective, good judgment, and leadership skills. Our directors are highly educated and have diverse backgrounds and talents and extensive track records of success in what we believe are highly relevant positions.

Director Whose Term Extends Beyond the 2024 Annual Meeting

LAWRENCE STEINMAN – CLASS I DIRECTOR

Lawrence Steinman, M.D.  served as Executive Co-Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company from the Closing of the Business Combination in November 2020 to March 2024, and as Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors from March 2024 to May 2024. He also has primary scientific responsibility for our α7nAChR platform. Dr. Steinman served as Co-Chairman of 180 and as a member of its board of directors since April 2019. Prior to joining 180, he served on the Board of Directors of Centocor Biotech, Inc., from 1989 to 1998, the Board of Directors of Neurocine Biosciences from 1997 to 2005, the Board of Directors of Atreca from 2010 - 2019, the Board of Directors of BioAtla, Inc. (NASDAQ:BCAB) from July 2020 to present (he also serves on the Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of BioAtla), the Board of Directors of Tolerion, Inc. from 2013 to 2020 and the Board of Directors of Alpha5 Integrin from November 2020 to June 2022, and the Board of Directors of Pasithea Therapeutics Corp. (NASDAQ:KTTA) from August 2020 to the present. He is currently the George A. Zimmermann Endowed Chair in the Neurology Department at Stanford University and previously served as the Chair of the Interdepartmental Program in Immunology at Stanford University Medical School from 2003 to 2011. He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences. He also founded the Steinman Laboratory at Stanford University, which is dedicated to understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. He received the Frederic Sasse Award from the Free University of Berlin in 1994, the Sen. Jacob Javits Award from the U.S. Congress from 1988 through 2002, the John Dystel Prize in 2004 from the National MS Society in the U.S., the Charcot Prize for Lifetime Achievement in Multiple Sclerosis Research in 2011 from the International Federation of MS Societies and the Anthony Cerami Award in Translational Medicine by the Feinstein Institute of Molecular Medicine in 2015. In 2023, he was honored as a Pioneer in Medicine by the Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics. He also received an honorary Ph.D. from the Hasselt University in 2008, and from the University of Buenos Aires in 2022. He received his BA (physics) from Dartmouth College in 1968 and his MD from Harvard University in 1973. He also completed a fellowship in chemical immunology at the Weizmann Institute (1974 - 1977) and was an intern and resident at Stanford University Medical School.

We believe Dr. Steinman’s extensive experience leading the research and development of numerous therapeutics qualify him to serve as a director. 

JAY GOODMAN – CLASS I DIRECTOR

Mr. Goodman brings over 10 years of experience in the SaaS industry, more than six years in the iGaming industry, and more than seven years in leadership roles. Since January 2024, Mr. Goodman has served as a Sales Director (Asia Pacific and Japan) for Docker, Inc. Prior to that, he served in various sales leadership roles for Confluent from early 2019 through to the end of 2023. From June 2016 to June 2022, Mr. Goodman served as Managing Director of Skywind Games APAC operations. Prior to that, he served as an Enterprise Account Executive with Hootsuite and in various Account Executive and Sales Representation Roles with Dropbox.

Throughout his career, Mr. Goodman has had the privilege of working with dynamic startups such as Confluent, Dropbox, OFX, Skywind, and Hootsuite, and has been part of three successful IPOs.

Mr. Goodman graduated with a bachelor’s degree in both Commerce and Economics from The University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia.

We have concluded that Mr. Goodman is well qualified to serve on our Board of Directors based upon his significant business experience, including his background and knowledge in the iGaming and SaaS industries.

Executive and Director Compensation

Summary Executive Compensation Table

The following table sets forth certain information concerning compensation earned by or paid to certain persons who we refer to as our “Named Executive Officers” for services provided for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Our Named Executive Officers include persons who (i) served as our principal executive officer or acted in a similar capacity during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, (ii) were serving at fiscal year-end as our two most highly compensated executive officers, other than the principal executive officer, whose total compensation exceeded $100,000, and (iii) if applicable, up to two additional individuals for whom disclosure would have been provided as a most highly compensated executive officer, but for the fact that the individual was not serving as an executive officer at fiscal year-end.

Does not include perquisites and other personal benefits or property, unless the aggregate amount of such compensation is more than $10,000. No executive officer earned non-equity incentive plan compensation or nonqualified deferred compensation during the periods reported above. Option Awards and Stock Awards represent the aggregate grant date fair value of awards computed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standard Codification Topic 718. For additional information on the valuation assumptions with respect to the restricted stock grants, refer to “Note 12 — Stockholders’ Equity” to the audited financial statements included herein. No executive officer serving as a director received any compensation for services on the Board of Directors separate from the compensation paid as an executive for the periods above. 

Bonuses

No bonuses were paid to the officers named in the table above during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 or 2022, and the Board of Directors has determined that no bonuses will be paid for fiscal 2022 or 2023, and that none will be accrued for fiscal 2024.

Current Compensation Agreements

Jordan Consulting Agreement

On May 7, 2024, the Company entered into an Executive Consulting Agreement with Mr. Blair Jordan and Blair Jordan Strategy and Finance Consulting Inc. (an entity owned by Mr. Jordan) (“Jordan Consulting” and the “Jordan Consulting Agreement”). Pursuant to the Jordan Consulting Agreement, the Company agreed to engage Jordan Consulting to provide the services of Mr. Jordan to the Company as Interim Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The Jordan Consulting Agreement has a term through April 30, 2025, unless otherwise terminated pursuant to the terms of the agreement (discussed below) and provides for Mr. Jordan to act as Interim Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and to be paid $216,000 per year in consideration for services rendered to the Company, plus a $250,000 bonus in the event that the Company completes a Corporate Transaction. A “Corporate Transaction” includes any corporate transaction by the Company, which occurs during the term, including but not limited to any merger, reverse merger, acquisition, disposal, joint-venture and/or investment involving the Company, which results in a Change of Control of the Company. For the purpose of the Agreement “Change of Control” means any corporate transaction pursuant to which the ownership of an aggregate of 50.1% or more of the outstanding shares of the Company is held by one or more parties after completing the Corporate Transaction.

Notwithstanding the above, the Board of Directors, with the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, may grant Mr. Jordan bonuses from time to time in its discretion, in cash or equity. The Jordan Consulting Agreement includes customary confidentiality, non-disclosure and proprietary right requirements of Jordan Consulting and Mr. Jordan, and a prohibition on Jordan Consulting and Mr. Jordan competing against us during the term of the agreement.

The Jordan Consulting Agreement terminates automatically upon the completion of a Corporate Transaction (provided we pay the transaction bonus discussed above). We have the right to terminate the Jordan Consulting Agreement at any time, provided that if we terminate the agreement after 60 days and prior to completion of a Corporate Transaction, then we agreed to pay Jordan Consulting $75,000 in connection with such termination, within 60 days of such termination.

We are also able to terminate the Jordan Consulting Agreement at any time, without notice upon: (a) the death or physical or mental incapacity of Mr. Jordan if as a result of which Mr. Jordan is unable to perform services for a period in excess of 60 days; (b) in the event Mr. Jordan or a related party to Mr. Jordan ceases to own or control 100% of Jordan Consulting; (c) the Board terminating the Jordan Consulting Agreement for just cause where “just cause” means any of the following events: (i) any material or persistent breach by Jordan Consulting or Mr. Jordan of the terms of the agreement; (ii) the conviction of Jordan Consulting or Mr. Jordan of a felony offence, or the equivalent in a non-American jurisdiction, or of any crime involving moral turpitude, fraud or misrepresentation, or misappropriation of money or property of the Company or any affiliate of the Company; (iii) a willful failure or refusal by Jordan Consulting or Mr. Jordan to satisfy its respective obligations to the Company under the agreement including without limitation, specific lawful directives, reasonably consistent with the agreement, or requests of the Board; (iv) any negligent or willful conduct or omissions of Jordan Consulting or Mr. Jordan that directly results in substantial loss or injury to the Company; (v) fraud or embezzlement of funds or property, or misappropriation involving the Company’s assets, business, customers, suppliers, or employees; (vi) any failure to comply with any of the Company’s written policies and procedures, including, but not limited to, the Company’s Corporate Code of Ethics and Insider Trading Policy, provided that subject to certain limited exceptions, we must first give written notice to Jordan Consulting and Mr. Jordan, as applicable, advising them of the acts or omissions that constitute failure or refusal to perform their obligations and that failure or refusal continues after Jordan Consulting and Mr. Jordan, as applicable, has had thirty (30) days to correct the acts or omissions as set out in the notice.

If the Company terminates the Jordan Consulting Agreement for just cause, we are required to pay Jordan Consulting any unpaid fees and/or unpaid and unreimbursed expenses accrued but unpaid prior to the effective termination date.

Mr. Jordan is not party to any material plan, contract or arrangement (whether or not written) with the Company, except for the Jordan Consulting Agreement (discussed and described below), and there are no arrangements or understandings between Mr. Jordan and any other person pursuant to which Mr. Jordan was selected to serve as a director or officer of the Company, nor is Mr. Jordan a participant in any related party transaction required to be reported pursuant to Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K. There are no family relationships between any director or executive officer of the Company, including Mr. Jordan.

Prior Employment Agreements

Each of the salaries of the executives described below and certain of the compensation payable to the consultants described below, were subject to the increases in salary and the temporary salary accruals discussed below under “Salary Increases and Temporary Salary and Compensation Accruals”, “Payment of Back Pay; 2021 Bonuses and Increases in Salaries,” and “2024 Accruals”.

James N. Woody 180 Employment Agreement

James N. Woody, M.D., Ph.D. and 180 entered into an employment agreement on July 1, 2020 (which agreement was amended on September 18, 2020), effective as of July 1, 2020, whereby Dr. Woody served as the Chief Executive Officer of 180 and began serving as our Chief Executive Officer following the Closing of the Business Combination. The initial term of the employment agreement started on July 1, 2020, was for a period of one (1) year, and was subject to automatic renewal for consecutive one (1) year terms unless either party provided 60 days’ notice. Dr. Woody’s annual base salary was initially $250,000 per year from July 1, 2020 to September 1, 2020, and increased to $360,000 per year on September 1, 2020. The agreement provided that Dr. Woody’s salary was to be renegotiated with the completion of the next qualified financing of over $20 million.

James N. Woody Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (terminated); and Separation Agreement

On February 25, 2021, we entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with James N. Woody (the “A&R Agreement”), dated February 24, 2021, and effective November 6, 2020, which replaced and superseded the July 2020 agreement with 180 as discussed above. Pursuant to the A&R Agreement, Dr. Woody agreed to serve as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The A&R Agreement had a term of three years from its effective date (through November 6, 2023) and was automatically renewable thereafter for additional one-year periods, unless either party provided the other at least 90 days written notice of their intent to not renew the agreement. Dr. Woody’s annual base salary under the agreement was initially increased to $450,000 per year, subject to automatic 5% yearly increases. For the 2021 year, Dr. Woody’s salary was $450,000, for 2022, Dr. Woody’s salary was $463,500, and for the 2023 year, Dr. Woody’s salary was $490,000 (see also “Payment of Back Pay; 2021 Bonuses and Increases in Salaries”, “Payment of Back Pay; 2021 Bonuses and Increases in Salaries,” “2024 Accruals” and “2022, 2023 and 2024 Bonuses”, below).

Dr. Woody was also eligible to receive an annual bonus, with a target bonus equal to 45% of his then-current base salary, based upon our achievement of performance and management objectives as set and approved by the Board of Directors and/or Compensation Committee in consultation with Dr. Woody. At Dr. Woody’s option, the annual bonus could be paid in cash or the equivalent value of our common stock or a combination thereof.

Under the employment agreement, Dr. Woody was eligible to participate in any stock option plans and receive other equity awards, as determined by the Board of Directors from time to time.

The A&R Agreement contained standard and customary invention assignment, indemnification, confidentiality and non-solicitation provisions, which remain in effect for a period of 24 months following the termination of his agreement.

On January 10, 2024, and effective on January 1, 2024, the Company entered into a Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Dr. Woody, whereby Dr. Woody agreed to a reduction of the base salary set forth in his amended employment agreements, by 50%, to $245,000 per year, accruing monthly in arrears, to be paid upon the Company raising at least $5,000,000 in funding subsequent to the date of the amended agreement (the “Funding Date”), provided that in the event the Funding Date does not occur prior to March 15, 2025, the amount accrued will be forgiven in its entirety.

Dr. Woody resigned as Chief Executive Officer of the Company on May 7, 2024, and the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement was terminated on May 15, 2024, in connection with Dr. Woody’s entry into a Separation and Release Agreement with the Company on the same date, discussed in greater detail below.

On May 7, 2024, Dr. James N. Woody resigned as Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer), and as a member of the Board of Directors, of the Company effective the same date, and entered into a Separation and Release Agreement with the Company (the “Woody Separation Agreement”).

Under the Woody Separation Agreement, the Company agreed to (a) pay Dr. Woody $50,000 in cash, less all applicable withholdings and required deductions (the “Severance Cash”); (b) issue Dr. Woody 25,000 fully-vested shares of the Company’s common stock; and (c) provide Dr. Woody the right to earn the Future Contingent Payment (as defined below). The amounts above (except for the amounts payable pursuant to (c), which shall be paid by the 15th day following the date such payment is due as discussed below), are required to be paid within 15 days of the date of Dr. Woody’s resignation (the “Payment Date”). We also agreed to pay Dr. Woody a bonus of $50,000 (the “Future Contingent Payment”), [A] if we, within the 24 months following the date of Dr. Woody’s resignation, complete any corporate transaction, including but not limited to any merger, reverse merger, acquisition, disposal, joint-venture and/or investment involving the Company (a “Corporate Transaction”), which results in a Change of Control (a “Change of Control” means any Corporate Transaction pursuant to which the ownership of an aggregate of 50.1% or more of the outstanding shares of the Company is held by one or more parties after completing the Corporate Transaction); or [B] if we raise at least $5 million from any source within 12 months from Dr. Woody’s resignation date. The Future Contingent Payment is to be forfeited from Dr. Woody in the event that we are required to restate any financial statements of the Company for periods prior to Dr. Woody’s resignation date, if Dr. Woody was Chief Executive Officer of the Company during such period(s), or any disclosure made the Company in any report or filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, is found by the Company to be materially incorrect or misleading, as determined by the reasonable discretion of the Board of Directors of the Company (each a “Forfeiture Trigger”). In the event a Forfeiture Trigger occurs or is deemed to have occurred, Dr. Woody is also required to promptly repay in full the Severance Cash.

Under the Woody Separation Agreement, Dr. Woody agreed to provide a customary general release to the Company, waived any severance pay that would have been due pursuant to the terms of his employment agreement, agreed to the termination of his employment agreement, and also agreed to certain confidentiality, non-disclosure, non-solicitation, non-disparagement, and cooperation covenants in favor of the Company. The 25,000 fully-vested shares of the Company’s common stock due to Dr. Woody were issued under the Company’s Second Amended and Restated 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan.

Dr. Rothbard’s Employment Agreement (terminated); and Separation Agreement

On August 21, 2019, 180 entered into an Employment Agreement with Dr. Rothbard which replaced a prior agreement, which was not effective until November 6, 2020, but became effective on such date. The Employment Agreement had an initial term of three years from the Closing Date (i.e., until November 6, 2023), automatically extending for additional one-year terms thereafter unless either party terminates the agreement with at least 90 days prior written notice before the next renewal date, and since neither party provided notice of termination prior to November 6, 2023, the agreement was in place through November 6, 2024, subject to further automatic extensions.

The Employment Agreement provided for Dr. Rothbard to be paid a salary of $375,000 per year, with automatic increases in salary, on the first anniversary of the effective date, and each anniversary thereafter, of 10%. For the 2021 year, Dr. Rothbard’s salary was $375,000, for the 2022 year, Dr. Rothbard’s salary was $268,906, and for 2023, Dr. Rothbard’s salary was $200,000 (see also “Payment of Back Pay; 2021 Bonuses and Increases in Salaries”, “Payment of Back Pay; 2021 Bonuses and Increases in Salaries,” “2024 Accruals” and “2022, 2023 and 2024 Bonuses”, below). The salary for the 2023 year represented Dr. Rothbard’s commitment of 50% of his work-related time to us.

The Employment Agreement provided for Dr. Rothbard to receive an annual bonus subject to meeting certain objectives set by the Board of Directors, with a targeted bonus amount of 50% of his then salary, payable on or before February 15^th of each year.

The Employment Agreement also provided for Dr. Rothbard to earn equity compensation in the discretion of the Board of Directors.

The Employment Agreement was amended effective January 1, 2022, to override the automatic annual salary increases of 10% per annum and instead provide for future increases in the sole determination of the Board of Directors. The Employment Agreement was further amended effective June 1, 2022, to adjust the base salary of Dr. Rothbard to $193,125.

On January 10, 2024, and effective on January 1, 2024, the Company entered into a Fourth Amendment to Employment Agreement with Dr. Rothbard, whereby Dr. Rothbard agreed to a reduction of the base salary set forth in his amended employment agreements, by 50%, to $100,000 per year, accruing monthly in arrears, to be paid on the Funding Date, provided that in the event the Funding Date does not occur prior to March 15, 2025, the amount accrued will be forgiven in its entirety.

Dr. Rothbard resigned as Chief Scientific Officer of the Company on May 7, 2024, and the agreement was terminated on May 15, 2024, in connection with Dr. Rothard’s entry into a Separation and Release Agreement with the Company on the same date, discussed in greater detail below.

On May 7, 2024, Dr. Jonathan Rothbard resigned as Chief Scientific Officer of the Company effective the same date, and entered into a Separation and Release Agreement with the Company (the “Rothbard Separation Agreement”).

Under the Rothbard Separation Agreement, the Company agreed to pay Dr. Rothbard $200 in cash, less all applicable withholdings and required deductions. Under the Rothbard Separation Agreement, Dr. Rothbard agreed to provide a customary general release to the Company, waived any severance pay that would have been due pursuant to the terms of his employment agreement, agreed to the termination of his employment agreement, and also agreed to certain confidentiality, non-disclosure, non-solicitation, non-disparagement, and cooperation covenants in favor of the Company.

Effective on May 7, 2024, the Company entered into a Consulting Agreement with Dr. Rothbard pursuant to which he agreed to provide general consulting services to the Company for a term of six months, for $150 per hour (the “Rothbard Consulting Agreement”). The agreement contains standard and customary confidentiality requirements.

Ozan Pamir Katexco Employment Agreement (Terminated)

Our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary Katexco Pharmaceuticals Corp. (“Katexco”) entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Pamir on October 22, 2018. The agreement provided for an indefinite term that continues until termination. The initial annual base salary set forth in the agreement was CAD $120,000, with annual increases as determined by the Board of Directors. The agreement also provided Mr. Pamir with a CAD $20,000 signing bonus. Any bonuses, including stock options, were in the sole discretion of Katexco, depending on financial circumstances and the performance of the services under the agreement. In 2019, the compensation was increased to $120,000 per annum in US dollars.

On February 1, 2020, there was an amendment to Mr. Pamir’s consulting agreement with Katexco, whereby the contract was transferred from Katexco to Katexco Pharmaceuticals Corp. - US.

Ozan Pamir Company Employment Agreement (Terminated)

On February 25, 2021, we entered into an Employment Agreement dated February 24, 2021, and effective November 6, 2020, which agreement was amended and corrected on March 1, 2021, to be effective as of the effective date of the original agreement (which amendment and correction is retroactively updated in the discussion of the agreement), with Ozan Pamir, our then Interim Chief Financial Officer, which replaced and superseded Mr. Pamir’s agreement with Katexco, as discussed above. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Pamir agreed to serve as the Interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company; and we agreed to pay Mr. Pamir $300,000 per year for 2021, which was increased to $309,000 for the 2022 year, and, based on his appointment as Chief Financial Officer in April 2023, and $380,000 for the 2023 year (see also “Payment of Back Pay; 2021 Bonuses and Increases in Salaries” and “2022, 2023 and 2024 Bonuses”, below). Such salary was to be increased to a mutually determined amount upon the closing of a new financing, and shall also be increased on an annual basis.

Under the agreement, Mr. Pamir was eligible to receive an annual bonus, in a targeted amount of 30% of his then salary for the 2021 and 2022 years, and 40% for the 2023 year (see also “Payment of Back Pay; 2021 Bonuses and Increases in Salaries”, below), based upon our achievement of performance and management objectives as set and approved by the Chief Executive Officer, in consultation with Mr. Pamir. The bonus amount is subject to adjustment.

Under the employment agreement, Mr. Pamir was also eligible to participate in any stock option plans and receive other equity awards, as determined by the Board of Directors from time to time.

The agreement contains standard and customary invention assignment, indemnification, confidentiality and non-solicitation provisions, which remain in effect for a period of 24 months following the termination of his agreement.

On May 27, 2021, we entered into a Second Amendment to Employment Agreement with Ozan Pamir (the “Second Pamir Amendment”). The Second Pamir Amendment amended the terms of Mr. Pamir’s employment solely to provide that all compensation payable to Mr. Pamir under such agreement would be paid directly by us.

On September 14, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized a discretionary bonus of $30,000 to Mr. Pamir in consideration for services rendered.

The agreement was terminated on September 30, 2024, in connection with Mr. Pamir’s resignation as Chief Financial Officer of the Company on that date.

Quan Anh Vu Executive Employment Agreement (terminated); and Separation Agreement

On October 27, 2021, and effective on November 1, 2021, we entered into an Employment Agreement with Quan Anh Vu, its then Chief Operating Officer/Chief Business Officer.

Pursuant to the employment agreement, Mr. Vu agreed to serve as Chief Operating Officer/Chief Business Officer for the Company. In consideration therefore, we agreed to pay Mr. Vu a starting salary of $390,000 per year, subject to annual increases of up to 5% (on each November 1, but effective as of the following January 1, including a 3% increase to $401,700 for 2022, as discussed below under “Salary Increases and Temporary Salary and Compensation Accruals”). In addition to the base salary, Mr. Vu was eligible to receive an annual bonus, with a target bonus opportunity of 50% of the then-current base salary, based on achievement of performance and management objectives established by the CEO and the Compensation Committee, in consultation with Mr. Vu, payable on or before March 31^st  of the year following the year in which the bonus is earned. Mr. Vu could elect the Annual Bonus to be paid in cash or the equivalent value in our common stock, or a combination of the two.

The Employment Agreement contained standard and customary invention assignment, indemnification, confidentiality and non-solicitation provisions, which remain in effect for a period of 24 months following the termination of the agreement.

On January 18, 2023, Mr. Vu resigned as Chief Operating/Chief Business Officer of the Company effective January 15, 2023, and entered into a Separation and Release Agreement with us (as amended, the “Separation Agreement”).

Under the Separation Agreement, we agreed to pay Mr. Vu (a) $297,440, less all applicable withholdings and required deductions; and (b) reimburse up to $1,100 a month for eight months for Mr. Vu’s health insurance expenses, whether under COBRA or otherwise (collectively, (a) and (b), the “Severance Payment”). The Severance Payment (except for the amounts payable pursuant to (b) which shall be paid by the 15th day of each calendar month during the applicable eight-month period) was required to be paid within 30 days of the Separation Date (the “Payment Date”). In addition to the Severance Payment, by the Payment Date, we agreed to pay Mr. Vu $73,645 for accrued backpay and $36,050 for accrued paid time off. Under the Separation Agreement, Mr. Vu agreed that his resignation was voluntary, provided a customary general release to us and also agreed to certain confidentiality, non-disclosure, non-solicitation, non-disparagement, and cooperation covenants in favor of us.

On March 29, 2023, an error in the Separation Agreement was corrected by the parties’ entry into the first amendment to Separation Agreement (the “First Separation Agreement Amendment”), effective as of the date of the original agreement, which clarified that none of the amount received by Mr. Vu pursuant to the Separation Agreement related to a bonus for 2021.

Description of Material Consulting Agreements

Service Agreement with Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann (former Co-Executive Chairman)(Terminated)

On June 1, 2018, CannBioRex Pharma Limited (“CannBioRex”) and Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann Ph.D., our then Executive Co-Chairman, entered into a Service Agreement (the “Feldmann Employment Agreement”). Pursuant to the Feldmann Employment Agreement, Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann served as the Chairman, CEO and Executive Director of CannBioRex or in such other capacity consistent with his status. Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann’s responsibilities included those customary for the roles in which he serves. Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann received compensation of £115,000 per year, with annual compensation reviewed by the Board and eligibility for discretionary bonuses, as determined by the Board. CannBioRex also reimbursed Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann’s travelling and other business expenses.

Pursuant to the Feldmann Employment Agreement, all intellectual property rights created by Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann or related to his employment belonged to and vested in CannBioRex.

The Feldmann Employment Agreement contains a customary non-compete clause prohibiting Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann from working for any competing businesses during the term of his employment, or holding equity in other businesses, except he may hold or beneficially own securities of publicly-traded companies if the aggregate beneficial interests of him and his family does not exceed 5% of that class of securities.

Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann is also prohibited for 12 months following termination (the “Post-Termination Period”) to be involved in any capacity with a competing business or potential joint venture in the United Kingdom or in any other country. During the Post-Termination Period, he may not solicit business from CannBioRex and its affiliates’ customers; or any company with whom he was actively involved in the course of his employment; or about which he holds confidential information. Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann further covenants to not interfere with CannBioRex’s business relationships by inducing or attempting to induce suppliers to take adverse actions during the Post-Termination Period. He also agrees not to induce or attempt to induce any CannBioRex employee to leave the company during the Post-Termination Period. The Feldmann Employment Agreement contains customary non-disclosure and confidentiality obligations, sick leave and vacation time.

The Feldmann Employment Agreement does not have a fixed term. Either party may terminate the agreement by delivering written notice 9 months in advance. CannBioRex may also terminate the Feldmann Employment Agreement at any time with immediate effect by giving written notice. If CannBioRex terminates Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann’s employment without providing 9 months written notice, he will become entitled to a payment equal to his basic salary he would have been entitled to receive if 9 months’ notice were given. The governing law for the Feldmann Employment Agreement is the law of England.

The Board, as recommended by the Compensation Committee of the Company (and/or the Compensation Committee) or separately, may also award Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann bonuses from time to time (in stock, options, cash, or other forms of consideration) in its discretion.

On November 17, 2021, the Board, as recommended by the Compensation Committee, increased the salary of Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann to $225,000 per annum.

Effective on April 27, 2022, CannBioRex and Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann entered into an amendment to the consulting agreement, pursuant to which the parties agreed effective March 1, 2022, that Sir Marc Feldmann’s salary would be reduced by $225,000 (100%), and that such reduced amounts would be accrued and paid on the Funding Determination Date.

On January 10, 2024, and effective on January 1, 2024, the Company entered into a Second Amendment to Consulting Agreement with Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann. Pursuant to the amendment, Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann, effective as of January 1, 2024, agreed to a reduction of his base salary set forth in his consulting agreement by 100%, to £0 per year, with the amount of such salary reduction £14,167 per month or £170,000 per year), accruing monthly in arrears, to be paid on the Funding Date, provided that in the event the Funding Date does not occur prior to March 15, 2025, the amounts accrued will be forgiven in their entirety.

On March 7, 2024, Sir Marc Feldmann, Ph.D. provided notice to the Board of Directors of his resignation as a member of the Board of Directors, effective on the same date.

Effective on September 5, 2024, our wholly-owned subsidiary, Cannbiorex and the Company, entered into a Separation and Release Agreement with Sir Marc Feldmann (as amended, the “Feldmann Separation Agreement”).

Under the Feldmann Separation Agreement, the Company agreed to issue Sir Marc Feldmann 57,328 shares of common stock and options to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock with a term of two years and an exercise price of $1.95 per share, the closing sales price of the Company’s common stock on September 5, 2024, under the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Omnibus Incentive Plan to satisfy amounts owed to Sir Marc Feldmann in consideration for services previously rendered to Cannbiorex. Under the Feldmann Separation Agreement, Sir Marc Feldmann provided a customary general release to Cannbiorex and the Company, the Company and Cannbiorex provided a release to Sir Marc Feldmann, subject to certain exceptions, and Sir Marc Feldmann also agreed to certain confidentiality, non-disclosure, non-solicitation, non-disparagement, and cooperation covenants in favor of the Company and Cannbiorex. The shares have been issued.

Also effective on September 5, 2024, the Company entered into an Indemnification Agreement with Sir Marc Feldmann to provide for indemnification to Sir Marc Feldmann under Delaware law. Among other things, consistent with the Company’s Bylaws, the Indemnification Agreement generally requires that the Company (i) indemnify Sir Marc Feldmann from and against all expenses and liabilities with respect to proceedings to which Sir Marc Feldmann may be subject by reason of Sir Marc Feldmann’s service to the Company and its subsidiaries to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by Delaware law and (ii) advance all expenses incurred by Sir Marc Feldmann in connection with the investigation, defense, settlement or appeal of any proceeding, and in connection with any proceeding to enforce Sir Marc Feldmann’s rights under the Indemnification Agreement.

Consultancy Agreement and Consulting Agreement with Prof. Lawrence Steinman

On November 17, 2021, and effective on November 1, 2021, we entered into a Consulting Agreement with Lawrence Steinman, M.D., our then Executive Chairman (the “Consulting Agreement”). Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, Dr. Steinman agreed to provide certain consulting services to us, including, but not limited to, participating in defining and setting strategic objectives of the Company; actively seeking out acquisition and merger candidates; and having primary scientific responsibility for our α7nAChR platform (collectively, the “Services”). The initial term of the agreement was for one year (the “Initial Term”); provided that the agreement automatically extends for additional one year periods after the Initial Term (each an “Automatic Renewal Term” and the Initial Term together with all Automatic Renewal Terms, if any, the “Term”), subject to the Renewal Requirements (described below), in the event that neither party provided the other written notice of their intent not to automatically extend the term of the agreement at least 30 days prior to the end of the Initial Term or any Automatic Renewal Term, and since neither party has terminated the agreement, the current term of the agreement is through November 1, 2024, subject to further automatic extensions. The Term can only be extended for an Automatic Renewal Term, provided that (i) Dr. Steinman is re-elected to the Board at our Annual Meeting of Stockholders immediately preceding the date that such Automatic Renewal Term begins; (ii) the Board affirms his appointment as Co-Chairman for the applicable Automatic Renewal Term (or fails to appoint someone else as Co-Chairman prior to such applicable Automatic Renewal Term) and (iii) Dr. Steinman is continuing in his role of having the responsibility for the scientific development for the Company’s α7nAChR platform (the “Renewal Requirements”). The Consulting Agreement also expires immediately upon the earlier of: (i) the date upon which Dr. Steinman no longer serves as Co-Chairman and no longer has primary scientific responsibility for our α7nAChR platform; and (ii) any earlier date requested by either (1) us (as evidenced by a vote of a majority of the Board (excluding Dr. Steinman) at a meeting of the Board), or (2) Dr. Steinman (as evidenced by written notice from Dr. Steinman to the Board). Additionally, we may terminate the Consulting Agreement immediately and without prior notice if Dr. Steinman is unable or refuses to perform the Services, and either party may terminate the Consulting Agreement immediately and without prior notice if the other party is in breach of any material provision of the Consulting Agreement.

We agreed to pay Dr. Steinman $225,000 per year during the term of the agreement, along with a one-time payment of $43,750, representing the difference between his old compensation and new compensation, dating back to April 1, 2021. Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, Dr. Steinman agreed to not compete against us, unless approved in writing by the Board, during the term of the agreement, and also agreed to certain customary confidentiality provisions and assignment of inventions requirements. The Consulting Agreement also has a 12-month non-solicitation prohibition following its termination.

Effective on April 27, 2022, the Company and Dr. Steinman entered into an amendment to the consulting agreement, pursuant to which the parties agreed effective March 1, 2022, that Dr. Steinman’s salary would be reduced by $56,250 (25%), and that such reduced amount would be accrued and paid on the Funding Determination Date.

On January 10, 2024, and effective on January 1, 2024, the Company entered into a Third Amendment to Consulting Agreement with Lawrence Steinman. Pursuant to the amendment, Dr. Steinman, effective as of January 1, 2024, agreed to a reduction of his base salary set forth in his consulting agreement by 100%, to $0 per year, with the amount of such salary reduction ($18,750 per month or $225,000 per year), accruing monthly in arrears, to be paid on the Funding Date, provided that in the event the Funding Date does not occur prior to March 15, 2025, the amounts accrued will be forgiven in their entirety.

On May 7, 2024, the Company entered into a Fourth Amendment to Consulting Agreement with Dr. Lawrence Steinman, the then Executive Chairman of the Board (the “Fourth Amendment”). Pursuant to the Fourth Amendment, Dr. Steinman waived and forgave all amounts accrued and owed to him under the Consulting Agreement through such date, and agreed that compensation payable to him under the Consulting Agreement moving forward would be $0, provided that as long as Dr. Steinman remains a member of the Board of Company, he is to receive the same compensation payable to other non-executive members of the Board of Directors.

Prof. Jagdeep Nanchahal Consulting Agreement

On February 25, 2021, we (and CannBioRex Pharma Limited, which was added as a party to the agreement later), entered into a Consultancy Agreement dated February 22, 2021, and effective December 1, 2020, with Prof. Jagdeep Nanchahal (as amended, the “Consulting Agreement”). Prof. Nanchahal has been providing services to us and/or our subsidiaries since 2014, was previously a greater than 5% stockholder of the Company was previously the Chairman of our Clinical Advisory Board.

On March 31, 2021, we entered into a first amendment to Consultancy Agreement with Prof. Jagdeep Nanchahal (the “First Nanchahal Amendment”), which amended the Consultancy Agreement entered into with Prof. Nanchahal on February 25, 2021, to include CannBioRex, and an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, as a party thereto, and to update the prior Consultancy Agreement to provide for cash payments due to Prof. Nanchahal to be paid by CannBioRex, for tax purposes, provide for CannBioRex to be party to certain other provisions of the agreement and to provide for the timing of certain cash bonuses due under the terms of the agreement.

Prof. Nanchahal is a surgeon scientist focusing on defining the molecular mechanisms of common diseases and translating his findings through to early phase clinical trials. He undertook his Ph.D., funded by the U.K. Medical Research Council, whilst a medical student in London and led a lab group funded by external grants throughout his surgical training. After completing fellowships in microsurgery and hand surgery in the USA and Australia, he was appointed as a senior lecturer at Imperial College. His research is focused on promoting tissue regeneration by targeting endogenous stem cells and reducing fibrosis. In 2013 his group identified anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as therapeutic target for Dupuytren’s Contracture, a common fibrotic condition of the hand. He previously led a Phase 2b clinical trial funded by the Wellcome Trust and Department of Health to assess the efficacy of local administration of anti-TNF in patients with early-stage Dupuytren’s Contracture and a clinical trial for patients with early-stage frozen shoulder. He is a proponent of evidence-based medicine and was the only plastic surgery member of the NICE Guidance Development Groups on complex and non-complex fractures. He was a member of the group that wrote the Standards for the Management of Open Fractures published in 2020. This is an open-source publication to facilitate the care of patients with these severe injuries.

Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, Prof. Nanchahal agreed, during the term of the agreement, to serve as a consultant to us and provide such services as the Chief Executive Officer and/or our Board shall request from time to time, including but not be limited to: (1) conducting clinical trials in the fields of Dupuytren’s Contracture, frozen shoulder and post-operative delirium/cognitive decline; and (2) conducting laboratory research in other fibrotic disorders, including fibrosis of the liver and lung (collectively, the “Services”).

In consideration for providing the Services, we (through CannBioRex Pharma Limited) agreed to pay Prof. Nanchahal 15,000 British Pounds (GBP) per month (approximately $20,800) during the term of the agreement, increasing to GBP 23,000 (approximately $32,000) on the date (a) of publication of the data from the phase 2b clinical trial for Dupuytren’s Contracture (RIDD) and (b) the date that we have successfully raised over $15 million in capital. The fee will increase annually thereafter to reflect progression in other clinical trials and laboratory research as approved by our Board. We also agreed to pay Prof. Nanchahal a bonus (“Bonus 1”) in the sum of GBP 100,000 upon submission of the Dupuytren’s Contracture clinical trial data for publication in a peer-reviewed journal, which submission occurred in December 2021, and which bonus was paid in December 2021. In addition, for prior work performed, including completion of the recruitment to the RIDD (Dupuytren’s) trial, we agreed to pay Prof. Nanchahal GBP 434,673 (approximately $605,000) (“Bonus 2”). At the election of Prof. Nanchahal, Bonus 2 shall be paid at least 50% (fifty percent) or more, as Prof. Nanchahal elects, in shares of our common stock, at a share price of $1,140.00 per share, or the share price on the date of the grant, whichever is lower, with the remainder paid in GBP. Bonus 2 shall be deemed earned and payable upon us raising a minimum of $15 million in additional funding, through the sale of debt or equity, after December 1, 2020 (the “Vesting Date”) and shall not be accrued, due or payable prior to such Vesting Date. Bonus 2 shall be payable by us within 30 calendar days of the Vesting Date. Finally, Prof. Nanchahal shall receive another one-time bonus (“Bonus 3”) of GBP 5,000 (approximately $7,000) on enrollment of the first patient to the phase 2 frozen shoulder trial, and another one-time bonus (“Bonus 4”) of GBP 5,000 (approximately $7,000) for enrollment of the first patient to the phase 2 delirium/POCD trial. On March 30, 2021, we issued Prof. Nanchahal 265 shares of our common stock in lieu of GBP 217,337 and on April 15, 2021, we issued Prof. Nanchahal 99 shares of our common stock in lieu of GBP 82,588. We also waived the requirement for the Company having to raise $15 million in order for Prof. Nanchahal to agree to receive an aggregate of GBP 300,000 via the issuance of shares. Prof. Nanchahal agreed that the remaining GBP 134,673 that is due pursuant to Bonus 2 shall be paid after we have raised a minimum of $15 million in additional funding. On August 23, 2021, at the request of Prof. Nanchahal, we agreed to issue Prof. Nanchahal 161 shares of common stock in consideration for the remaining 31% (or 134,749 GBP, or $184,606) of Bonus 2, based on a $1,140.00 per share price. The shares were issued under our 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan, which has been approved by stockholders.

Effective on April 27, 2022, we and CannBioRex entered into a Second Amendment to Consulting Agreement with Prof. Jagdeep Nanchahal (the “Second Nanchahal Amendment”). Pursuant to the Second Nanchahal Amendment, Prof. Nanchahal agreed that upon acceptance of the data for the phase 2b clinical trial for Dupuytren’s disease for publication (which occurred March 1, 2022, subject to editing and final approvals), his monthly fee was increased to £23,000, provided that £4,000 of such increase shall be accrued and £19,000 per month of such fees shall be payable per our payroll practices in cash by us starting effective March 1, 2022, and until the earlier of (a) November 1, 2022 or (b) such time as our Board determines that we have sufficient cash on hand to pay such accrued amounts, which we expect will not be until we have raised a minimum of $15,000,000 (the “Funding Determination Date”), at which time all accrued amounts shall be due.

On December 28, 2022, we and CannBioRex, entered into a Third Amendment to Consultancy Agreement with Prof. Nanchahal (the “Third Nanchahal Amendment”). The Third Nanchahal Amendment amended the Consultancy Agreement to provide that the monthly cash fee payable to Prof. Nanchahal pursuant to such agreement would remain at its then current rate, £23,000 per month, through December 31, 2022, and then increase to £35,000 per month during the term of the Consultancy Agreement from January 1, 2023, until the end of the term of the Consultancy Agreement (collectively, the “Fee”). The Third Nanchahal Amendment also provided that the Fee will be adjusted yearly with the recommendation of our Board or the Compensation Committee of the Company, which will consider in its determination of the amount of such increase, the U.K. consumer price index and Prof. Nanchahal’s contributions to advancing our mission, among other things. The Third Nanchahal Amendment also provided that in the event the Consultancy Agreement is terminated by us for any reason other than cause, Prof. Nanchahal is entitled to a lump sum payment of 12 months of his monthly fee as of the date of termination.

Notwithstanding the above, the Board or Compensation Committee of the Company may grant Prof. Nanchahal additional bonuses from time to time in their discretion, in cash, stock or options.

The Consulting Agreement has an initial term of three years, and renews thereafter for additional three-year terms, until terminated as provided in the agreement, and currently has a term through December 1, 2026. The Consulting Agreement can be terminated by either party with 12 months prior written notice (provided our right to terminate the agreement may only be exercised if Prof. Nanchahal fails to perform his required duties under the Consulting Agreement), or by us immediately if (a) Prof. Nanchahal fails or neglects efficiently and diligently to perform the Services or is guilty of any breach of its or his obligations under the agreement (including any consent granted under it); (b) Prof. Nanchahal is guilty of any fraud or dishonesty or acts in a manner (whether in the performance of the Services or otherwise) which, in our reasonable opinion, has brought or is likely to bring Prof. Nanchahal, the Company or any of its affiliates into disrepute or is convicted of an arrestable offence (other than a road traffic offence for which a non-custodial penalty is imposed); or (c) Prof. Nanchahal becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors. If the Consulting Agreement is terminated by us for any reason other than cause, Prof. Nanchahal is entitled to a lump sum payment of 12 months of his fee as at the date of termination.

The Consulting Agreement includes a 12 month non-compete and non-solicitation obligation of Prof. Nanchahal, preventing him from competing against us in any part of any country in which he was actively engaged in our business, subject to certain exceptions, including research conducted at the University of Oxford. The Consulting Agreement also includes customary confidentiality and assignment of inventions provisions, in each case subject to our previously existing agreements with various universities, including the University of Oxford, where Prof. Nanchahal serves as a Professor of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

Salary Increases and Temporary Salary and Compensation Accruals

Effective on April 27, 2022, we (directly or through an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company) entered into (a) a First Amendment to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Dr. Woody (the “First Woody Amendment”); (b) a First Amendment to Employment Agreement with Mr. Vu (the “First Vu Amendment”); (c) a First Amendment to Employment Agreement with Dr. Rothbard (“First Rothbard Amendment”); (d) a First Amendment to Employment Agreement with Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann (the “First Feldmann Amendment”); (e) a First Amendment to Consulting Agreement with Prof. Steinman (the “First Steinman Amendment”); and (f) a Second Amendment to Consulting Agreement with Prof. Nanchahal (the “Second Nanchahal Amendment”), which each amended the agreements currently in place with such individuals as discussed above.

Pursuant to the First Woody Amendment, First Vu Amendment and First Rothbard Amendment, each of Dr. Woody, Mr. Vu and Dr. Rothbard, agreed that effective January 1, 2022, their base salaries of $450,000, $390,000 and $375,000, respectively (their “Base Salaries”) (as provided for in their employment agreements) were amended to increase such amounts by 3% (the “Increase in Salary”) and effective March 1, 2022, their base salaries were reduced by 20% each ($92,700, $80,340 and $96,563, respectively) and that such reduced amounts (the “Accrued Amounts”) shall be accrued until such time as the Board of Directors determines that we have sufficient cash on hand to pay such Accrued Amounts, which we expect will not be until we have raised a minimum of $15,000,000 (the “Funding Determination Date”); and that $370,800, $321,360, and $289,688 of such base salaries, shall be payable per our payroll practices in cash by us to each of Dr. Woody, Mr. Vu and Dr. Rothbard, respectively, starting effective March 1, 2022 until the Funding Determination Date, and that on the Funding Determination Date, their salaries shall increase to the new base salary taking into account the Increase in Salary (with no accrual) ($463,500, $401,700 and $386,250, respectively) and the Accrued Amounts shall be paid by us, provided that in addition, at the discretion of the Board of Directors, the base salaries on the Funding Determination Date of each executive may be further increased by 2%. Additionally, Mr. Rothbard agreed that any future increases to salary will be determined on an annual basis by our Board of Directors at the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, and the annual 10% increases provided in his agreement shall be overridden by such future determinations by the Board of Directors.

Pursuant to the First Feldmann Amendment and First Steinman Amendment, Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann and Prof. Steinman agreed effective March 1, 2022, that their salary would be reduced by $225,000 (100%) and $56,250 (25%), respectively, and that such reduced amounts shall be accrued and paid on the Final Determination Date.

Pursuant to the Second Nanchahal Amendment, Prof. Nanchahal agreed that upon acceptance of the data for the phase 2b clinical trial for Dupuytren’s disease for publication (which occurred March 1, 2022, subject to editing and final approvals), his monthly fee was increased to £23,000, provided that £4,000 of such increase shall be accrued and £19,000 per month of such fees shall be payable per our payroll practices in cash by us starting effective March 1, 2022, and until the earlier of (a) November 1, 2022 and (b) the Funding Determination Date, at which time all Accrued Amounts shall be due.

On May 26, 2022, and effective on June 1, 2022, we entered into (a) a Second Amendment to Employment Agreement with James N. Woody, M.D., Ph.D., the Chief Executive Officer and Director of the Company; (b) a Second Amendment to Employment Agreement with Quan Anh Vu, the former Chief Operating Officer and Chief Business Officer of the Company; (c) a Second Amendment to Employment Agreement with Jonathan Rothbard, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer of the Company; and (d) a Second Amendment to Consulting Agreement with Lawrence Steinman, M.D., the then Executive Chairman of the Company (collectively, the “Second Amendments”).

Pursuant to the Second Amendments, each of Dr. Woody, Mr. Vu, Dr. Steinman, and Dr. Rothbard, effective as of June 1, 2022, agreed to a further reduction of the base salaries set forth in their respective amended employment and consulting agreements (the “Base Salaries”) by an amount which, after taking into account the First Accrued Amounts, equals 50% of their respective Base Salaries ($231,750, $200,850, $112,500, and $193,125, in total respectively). The reductions to the base salaries of Dr. Woody, Mr. Vu, and Dr. Steinman as affected by the Second Amendments ($139,050, $120,510, $56,250, respectively), are to accrue until such time as we have raised a minimum of $1,000,000.

As discussed in greater detail above, each of Dr. Woody, Mr. Vu, and Dr. Rothbard have resigned from the Company and entered into separation agreements discussed in greater detail above.

Payment of Back Pay; 2021 Bonuses and Increases in Salaries

On April 27, 2023, and effective on January 1, 2023, we entered into (a) a Third Amendment to Employment Agreement with James N. Woody, M.D., Ph.D., the Chief Executive Officer and Director of the Company; (b) a Third Amendment to Employment Agreement with Ozan Pamir, the Chief Financial Officer of the Company; and (c) a Third Amendment to Employment Agreement with Jonathan Rothbard, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer of the Company (collectively, the “Third Amendments”), which each amended the compensation agreements currently in place with such individuals.

The Third Amendments reflected (a) an increase in the salary of each of Dr. Woody, Mr. Pamir and Dr. Rothbard of 3.5%, effective as of January 1, 2023; and (b) in the case of Mr. Pamir, a further increase in salary to $380,000 per annum and an increase in his target bonus to 40%, effective April 1, 2023, as well as a change in his title to Chief Financial Officer.

On April 27, 2023, based on the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, the Board of Directors determined discretionary bonus compensation for the year ended December 31, 2021 for Dr. Woody ($50,000); Mr. Pamir ($22,500, which is in addition to $30,000 previously paid during 2021); and Dr. Rothbard ($10,000). The Board of Directors also determined that no other bonuses would be paid to any executive officer of the Company for fiscal 2021.

Effective April 27, 2023, the Board of Directors, with the recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, approved the payment of $111,675 to Dr. Woody; $24,154 to Mr. Pamir; and $50,343 to Dr. Rothbard, in back pay owed to such officers. As a result, as of April 27, 2023, no back pay was owed to Dr. Woody, Mr. Pamir or Dr. Rothbard.

2024 Accruals

On January 10, 2024, and effective on January 1, 2024, we entered into (a) a Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with James N. Woody, M.D., Ph.D., the Chief Executive Officer and Director of the Company; and (b) a Fourth Amendment to Employment Agreement with Jonathan Rothbard, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer of the Company (collectively, the “Amendments”), which each amended the compensation agreements currently in place with such individuals.

Pursuant to the Amendments, each of Dr. Woody and Dr. Rothbard, effective as of January 1, 2024, agreed to a reduction of the base salaries set forth in their respective amended employment agreements, by 50%, to $245,000 per year for Dr. Woody and to $100,000 per year for Dr. Rothbard, with the amount of such salary reductions ($20,416 per month for Dr. Woody and $8,333 per month for Dr. Rothbard), accruing monthly in arrears, to be paid on the Funding Date, provided that in the event the Funding Date does not occur prior to March 15, 2025, the amounts accrued will be forgiven in their entirety.

As discussed in greater detail above, each of Dr. Woody and Dr. Rothbard have resigned from the Company and entered into separation agreements discussed in greater detail above, pursuant to which they waived any rights to the amounts accrued pursuant to the Amendments.

2022, 2023 and 2024 Bonuses

On January 29, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company determined that no bonuses would be granted to management for the years ended December 31, 2022 or 2023, and that no bonus amounts would be accrued for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Pay Versus Performance

Relationship Between “Compensation Actually Paid” and Performance

We generally seek to incentivize long-term performance, and therefore do not specifically align our performance measures with “compensation actually paid” (as computed in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K) for a particular year. In accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following descriptions of the relationships between information presented in the Pay Versus Performance table.

Compensation Actually Paid and Net Loss

Our company has not historically looked to net loss as a performance measure for our executive compensation program. Our net loss was $20.3 million in 2021, $38.7 million in 2022 and ($19.9) million in 2023.

Compensation Actually Paid and Cumulative TSR

As shown in the following graph, the compensation actually paid to Dr. Woody and the average amount of compensation actually paid to our non-PEO NEOs as a group (excluding Dr. Woody) during the periods presented do have some correlation because a significant portion of their compensation is in the form of long-term equity awards. The equity awards values are significantly impacted by changes in our stock price each period. These equity awards strongly align our executive officers’ interests with those of our stockholders by providing a continuing financial incentive to maximize long-term value for our stockholders and by encouraging our executive officers to continue in our employment for the long-term.

All information provided above under the “Pay Versus Performance” and “Relationship Between “Compensation Actually Paid” and Performance”, headings will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference in any filing of our company under the Securities Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End

There were no outstanding unvested stock awards as of December 31, 2023.

Potential Payments Upon Termination

Pursuant to the Jordan Consulting Agreement, discussed above, which is between the Company, Blair Jordan, our Interim Chief Executive Officer and director and Jordan Consulting, the Company shall have the right to terminate the Jordan Consulting Agreement at any time, provided that if the Company terminates by way of notice prior to completion of a Corporate Transaction (as defined above): then the Company is required to pay Jordan Consulting $75,000, as long as Jordan Consulting has served a minimum of sixty days (which requirement has been met), which Jordan Consulting will accept as full compensation for the termination and neither Jordan Consulting nor Mr. Jordan need perform services during the notice period.

Director Compensation

The following table sets forth compensation information with respect to our non-employee directors during our fiscal year ended December 31, 2023:

In connection with each of Mr. Ray’s, Dr. DeLuca’s, Mr. Knuettel’s and Dr. Marrone’s appointment to the Board of Directors, such persons entered into offer letters with us, dated on or around May 21, 2021 (collectively, the “Offer Letters”). The Offer Letters set forth the compensation that Mr. Ray, Dr. DeLuca, Mr. Knuettel and Dr. Marrone were entitled to receive, including a grant of options to purchase $425,000 of value of shares of our common stock (value per share and number of shares determined by the Black-Scholes calculation on the date of grant)(i.e., options to purchase 208 shares of common stock) (the “Initial Option Grant”), which have been granted to date, and which will vest as to 1/48 of the balance of the option shares upon each month of service after the date of grant and have an exercise price per share equal to the closing sales price of a share of common stock on the grant date. Each of such independent directors resigned from the Board of Directors on December 17, 2023, which also resulted in the termination of each of the Offer Letters.

Effective February 28, 2024, March 7, 2024 and March 7, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company appointed Blair Jordan, Omar Jimenez and Ryan L. Smith (collectively, the “Appointees” and the “Appointments”) as members of the Board of Directors (“Board”), which Appointments were effective as of the same dates. Mr. Jordan, Mr. Jimenez and Mr. Smith were each appointed as a Class II director, and will serve until the Company’s 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, until their successors have been duly elected and qualified, or until their earlier death, resignation or removal.

In connection with Messrs. Jordan’s, Jimenez’s and Smith’s appointments to the Board and on February 24, 2024, March 4, 2024 and March 5, 2024, respectively, to be effective upon each of their appointments to the Board, the Company entered into an offer letter with each of Messrs. Jordan, Jimenez and Smith (collectively, the “Offer Letters”). The Offer Letters provide for each of Messrs. Jordan, Jimenez and Smith to be paid $40,000 per year as an annual retainer fee for serving on the Board (which amounts were subsequently increased to $50,000 by the Board); Mr. Jordan was to be paid $10,000 per year for serving as the Chairman of the then Strategic and Alternatives Committee, and $15,000 per year for serving as the then Lead Director; Mr. Jimenez was to be paid $10,000 per year for serving as the Chairman of the Audit Committee; and Mr. Smith was to be paid $10,000 per year for serving as the Chairman of the Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. The Company agreed to pay each of Messrs. Jordan, Jimenez and Smith in connection with their appointment to the Board, quarterly in arrears, and pro-rated for partial quarters. Mr. Jordan was paid an initial fee of $7,500. Messrs. Jimenez and Smith have the option of receiving half of their compensation in cash and half of their compensation in stock, or alternatively receiving all of their compensation in cash. Subsequently, Mr. Jordan stepped down as Lead Independent Director upon his appointment as Interim Chief Executive Officer and Mr. Jimenez stepped down as a member of the Audit Committee in connection with his appointment as Chief Financial Officer.

Effective October 24, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company appointed Jay Goodman as a member of the Board, which appointment was effective as of the same dates. Mr. Goodman was appointed as a Class I director, and will serve until the Company’s 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, until his successor has been duly elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

Mr. Goodman is the adult son of Anthony Brian Goodman, who serves as the Chief Executive Officer of Elray Resources, Inc., which entity holds all 1,000,000 outstanding shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, which as discussed in greater detail below under “Summary of September 2024 Asset Purchase Agreement; Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and Warrants”, is convertible into 40% of the Company’s then outstanding common stock (66.7% of the Company’s pre-issuance outstanding shares of common stock), at the time of Stockholder Approval (defined below) and warrants to purchase 3,000,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.68 per share.

In connection with Mr. Goodman’s appointment to the Board, the Company entered into an offer letter with Mr. Goodman (the “Goodman Offer Letter”). The Goodman Offer Letter provides for Mr. Goodman to be paid $50,000 per year as an annual retainer fee for serving on the Board; and $15,000 per year for serving as Chairperson of the Compensation Committee. The Company agreed to pay Mr. Goodman amounts due, quarterly in arrears, and pro-rated for partial quarters. Mr. Goodman has the option of receiving half of his compensation in cash and half in stock, or alternatively receiving all in cash.

Effective on October 24, 2024, Mr. Jordan’s director Offer Letter was mutually terminated due to the fact that he is no longer serving as an independent member of the Board.

Board of Director Fees

Effective on May 7, 2024, the Board of Directors set the compensation payable to non-executive members of the Board of Directors for services on the Board of Directors, at (a) $50,000 per year for service on the Board; (b) $15,000 for each Chairperson of a committee of the Board of Directors (provided that only one additional $15,000 payment shall be made even if the Director chairs multiple committees); and $25,000 additional for each member of the Strategy and Alternatives, Risk, Safety and Regulatory Committee (formerly the Strategy and Alternatives Committee) of the Board of Directors, provided that on October 24, 2024, the Board of Directors determined that members of, and the Chairman of, the Strategy and Alternatives, Risk, Safety and Regulatory Committee would not receive any compensation for their services on such committee.

The Board of Directors has not yet initiated a recurring yearly equity compensation grant for independent directors.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table sets forth information, as of December 31, 2023, with respect to our compensation plans under which common stock is authorized for issuance.

2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan

We have reserved 9,784 shares of our common stock for grant under our 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2020 OIP”), of which 6,492 shares are available for future awards as of the date of this Proxy Statement.

The purpose of the 2020 OIP is to promote the interests of the Company and its subsidiaries and its stockholders by (i) attracting and retaining directors, executive officers, employees and consultants of outstanding ability; (ii) motivating such individuals by means of performance-related incentives to achieve the longer-range performance goals of the Company and its subsidiaries; and (iii) enabling such individuals to participate in the long-term growth and financial success of the Company.

Awards under the 2020 OIP may be made in the form of performance awards, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock options, which may be either incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, other stock-based awards and dividend equivalents. Awards are generally non-transferable.

2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan

We have reserved 223,679 shares of our Common Stock for grant under our 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as amended and restated (“2022 OIP”), of which 16,052 shares are available for future awards as of the date of this Proxy Statement.

The purpose of the 2022 OIP is to promote the interests of the Company and its subsidiaries and its stockholders by (i) attracting and retaining directors, executive officers, employees and consultants of outstanding ability; (ii) motivating such individuals by means of performance-related incentives to achieve the longer-range performance goals of the Company and its subsidiaries; and (iii) enabling such individuals to participate in the long-term growth and financial success of the Company.

Awards under the 2022 OIP may be made in the form of performance awards, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock options, which may be either incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, other stock-based awards and dividend equivalents. Awards are generally non-transferable.

 Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions

Except as discussed below or otherwise disclosed above under “Executive and Director Compensation”, beginning on page 25, there have been no transactions over the last two fiscal years, and there is not currently any proposed transaction, in which the Company was or is to be a participant, where the amount involved exceeds the lesser of (a) $120,000 or (b) one percent of the Company’s total assets at year-end for the last two completed fiscal years, and in which any officer, director, or any stockholder owning greater than five percent (5%) of our outstanding voting shares, nor any member of the above referenced individual’s immediate family, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.

Related Party Agreements

360 Life Sciences Corp. Agreement - Related Party (Acquisition of ReFormation Pharmaceuticals Corp.)

On July 1, 2020, we entered into an amended agreement with ReFormation Pharmaceuticals, Corp. (“ReFormation”) and 360 Life Sciences Corp. (“360”), whereby 360 has entered into an agreement to acquire 100% ownership of ReFormation, on or before July 31, 2020 (“Closing Date”). We used to share a director with each of ReFormation and 360. On March 25, 2022, our director resigned from serving on the Board of 360 and he had previously resigned from serving on the Board of Reformation. Upon the Closing Date, 360 agreed to make tranche payments in tranches to 180 LP in the aggregate amount of $300,000. The parties agreed that the obligations will be paid by 360 to 180 LP by payments of $100,000 for every $1,000,000 raised through the financing activities of 360, up to a total of $300,000, however, not less than 10% of all net financing proceeds received by 360 shall be put towards the obligation to us until paid in full. This transaction closed on July 31, 2020.

On February 26, 2019, 180 LP entered into a one-year agreement (the “Pharmaceutical Agreement”) with ReFormation, a related party that shares directors and officers of 180 LP, pursuant to which ReFormation agreed to pay 180 LP $1.2 million for rights of first negotiation to provide for an acquisition of any arising intellectual property or an exclusive licensing, partnering, or collaboration transaction to use any arising intellectual property with respect to a contemplated research agreement between us and Oxford (see Oxford University Agreements, above), which was signed on March 22, 2019 and therefore is the start date of the project. Of the $1.2 million receivable from Reformation pursuant to the Pharmaceutical Agreement, $0.9 million was received by us on March 14, 2019 and the remaining $0.3 million was expected to be received over the one-year term of the agreement.

180 LP is recognizing the income earned in connection with the Pharmaceutical Agreement on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, 180 LP recognized no income related to the Pharmaceutical Agreement, which is included in other income in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and other comprehensive income loss. As of December 31, 2021, we charged the $300,000 receivable to bad debt expense.

On November 17, 2021, we provided notice to 360, which initiated the right of first negotiation term, which expired unexercised on February 1, 2022. As such, we are no longer under any obligation to negotiate with 360.

Notice of Acceleration

On December 29, 2020, we received notice from Marlene Krauss, M.D., the former Chief Executive Officer and director of KBL, alleging the occurrence of an event of default of the terms of a certain promissory note in the amount of $371,178, dated March 15, 2019, evidencing amounts owed by us to KBL IV Sponsor LLC (of which Dr. Krauss serves as sole managing member), for failure to repay such note within five days of the release of funds from escrow in connection with the terms of a purchase agreement. Dr. Krauss has declared the entire amount of the note to be immediately due and payable. The note, pursuant to its terms, accrues damages of $2,000 per day until paid in full (subject to a maximum amount of damages equal to the principal amount of the note upon the occurrence of the event of default thereunder). There are continuing disputes regarding amounts that may be due to Dr. Krauss under the note.

Service Agreement with Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann

See “Service Agreement with Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann (former Co-Executive Chairman)” under “Description of Material Consulting Agreements”, in the section entitled “Executive Compensation”, above.

Prof. Jagdeep Nanchahal Consulting Agreement

See “Prof. Jagdeep Nanchahal Consulting Agreement” under “Description of Material Consulting Agreements”, in the section entitled “Executive Compensation”, above.

Prof. Lawrence Steinman Consultancy Agreement and Consulting Agreement

See “Consultancy Agreement with Prof. Lawrence Steinman” and “Lawrence Steinman, M.D. Consulting Agreement” under “Description of Material Consulting Agreements”, in the section entitled “Executive Compensation”, above.

General and Administrative - Related Parties

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we incurred general and administrative expenses - related parties of $5,612 compared to $462,580 incurred for the year ended December 31, 2021, representing a decrease of $456,968, or 99%. Of the expenses incurred during 2022, these primarily relate to professional fees paid to current or former officers, directors or greater than 10% investors, or affiliates thereof. Of the expenses incurred during 2021, approximately $338,000 represent bad debt expense incurred in connection with a receivable from related parties, and approximately $124,000 represents professional fees paid to current or former officers, directors or greater than 10% investors, or affiliates thereof.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we incurred general and administrative expenses – related parties of $46,555 compared to $5,612 incurred for the year ended December 31, 2022, representing an increase of $40,943, or 730%. The increase is primarily related to an increase in related party consulting expenses of $41,000. 

Interest Expense on Loans Payable

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized interest expense — related parties associated with outstanding loans payable of $18,436 and $14,156, respectively.

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized interest income — related parties associated with outstanding loans payable of $0 and ($1,490), respectively.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had accrued interest — related parties associated with outstanding loans payable of $0.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had accrued interest— related parties associated with outstanding loans payable $16,770.

Interest Income - Related Parties 

During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded $0 and $1,508, respectively, of interest income – related parties, which related to interest income on loans with officers and directors of the Company.

Accrued Expenses - Related Parties

Accrued expenses - related parties were $0 and $188,159 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and consist of interest accrued on loans and convertible notes due to certain officers and directors of the Company, as well as deferred compensation for certain executives.

Accrued expenses - related parties were $107,515 as of June 30, 2024, and consist of interest accrued on loans and convertible notes due to certain officers and directors of the Company, as well as deferred compensation for certain executives.

The aggregate amount of accrued expenses due to related parties as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, is comprised of amounts due to Prof. Feldmann, Dr. Steinman, Dr. Rothbard, Dr. Woody and Mr. Pamir for deferred compensation.

Research and Development Expenses – Related Parties

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we incurred research and development expenses – related parties of $480,777 compared to $240,731 incurred for the year ended December 31, 2022, representing an increase of $240,046 or 100%. The change is attributable to a decrease in the R&D Tax credit, which increased research and development expenses by approximately $125,000, as well as an increase of approximately $200,000 in consulting fees. These increases were offset by a reduction in stock-based compensation of approximately $80,000.

Research and Development Expenses – Related Parties of $480,777 and $240,731 during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, is related to consulting and professional fees paid to current or former officers, directors or greater than 10% investors, or affiliates thereof.

Research and Development Expenses – Related Parties of $133,665 and $131,463 during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $304,207 and $348,147 during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, are related to consulting and professional fees paid to current or former officers, directors or greater than 10% investors, or affiliates thereof.

Accounts Payable – Related Parties

Accounts payable - related parties were $364,645, $266,009 and $0 as of June 30, 2023, December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and consist of amounts due to certain officers and directors of the Company, as well as deferred compensation for certain executives. For the accounts payable – related party balance as of December 31, 2023, approximately $210,000 relates to income taxes payable to the U.K. government for the salary of Prof. Sir Marc Feldmann, who served as the Chairman, CEO and Executive Director of CannBioRex. Such amount was paid during the first quarter of 2024, upon receipt of the R&D tax credit.

Registration Rights

The holders of the founder shares and private placement units (and their component securities) and their permitted transferees are entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement signed on the effective date of our initial public offering (“IPO”). The holders of these securities and their permitted transferees are entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form demands, that we register such securities. In addition, the holders and their permitted transferees have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to our completion of our initial business combination and rights to require us to register for resale such securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the underwriters may not exercise their demand and “piggyback” registration rights after five (5) and seven (7) years after the effective date of the registration statement relating to our IPO and may not exercise their demand rights on more than one occasion. Further, the holders and their permitted transferees have certain “piggy-back” registration rights regarding the shares of our common stock issuable upon the conversion of a promissory note with respect to the registration statement(s) that we may file pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement that we entered into in connection with the June 2020 offering. We satisfied the foregoing registration rights through the filing of a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-248539), which registration statement was declared effective on November 2, 2020; provided, however, that such registration statement became stale and an updated registration went effective on August 24, 2021. We have an obligation to register shares held by KBL IV Sponsor LLC which shares have not been registered.

Related Party Litigation

Action Against Former Executive of KBL

On September 1, 2021, the Company initiated legal action in the Chancery Court of Delaware against Dr. Marlene Krauss, the Company’s former Chief Executive Officer and director (“Dr. Krauss”) and two of her affiliated companies, KBL IV Sponsor, LLC and KBL Healthcare Management, Inc. (collectively, the “KBL Affiliates”) for, among other things, engaging in unauthorized monetary transfers of the Company’s assets, non-disclosure of financial liabilities within the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, issuing shares of stock without proper authorization; and improperly allowing stockholder redemptions to take place. The Company’s complaint alleges multiple causes of action against Dr. Krauss and/or the KBL Affiliates, and seeks compensatory damages in excess of $11,286,570, together with interest, attorneys’ fees and costs. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in its legal action.

On October 5, 2021, Dr. Krauss and the KBL Affiliates filed an Answer, Counterclaims and Third-Party Complaint against the Company and twelve individuals who are, or were, directors and/or officers of the Company, i.e., Marc Feldmann, Lawrence Steinman, James N. Woody, Teresa DeLuca, Frank Knuettel II, Pamela Marrone, Lawrence Gold, Donald A. McGovern, Jr., Russell T. Ray, Richard W. Barker, Shoshana Shendelman and Ozan Pamir (collectively, the “Third-Party Defendants”).  On February 24, 2022, Dr. Krauss filed an amended Answer, Counterclaims and Third-Party Complaint (the “Amended Counterclaims”), which, among other things, dismissed Teresa DeLuca, Frank Knuettel II, Pamela Marrone, Russell T. Ray, Richard W. Barker and Shoshana Shendelman.  In essence, the Amended Counterclaims allege that the Company and the remaining Third-Party Defendants made alleged misstatements against Dr. Krauss in SEC filings, failed to register her shares in the Company so that they could be traded, and failed to pay to Dr. Krauss the amounts alleged to be owing under a promissory note in the principal amount of $371,178, plus an additional $300,000 under Dr. Krauss’s resignation agreement. On April 19, 2022, Dr. Krauss stipulated to dismiss all of her counterclaims against both Donald A. McGovern, Jr. and Lawrence Gold.

On June 25, 2024, Dr. Krauss filed a Motion for partial summary judgment on her claim that the Company failed to register her shares. The Company has not yet responded to such Motion, and no hearing date has yet been set. Discovery has not yet commenced in the case. The Company and the remaining Third-Party Defendants intend to continue to vigorously defend against all the Amended Counterclaims, however, there can be no assurance that they will be successful in the legal defense of such Amended Counterclaims. 

Action Against the Company by Dr. Krauss

On August 19, 2021, Dr. Krauss initiated legal action in the Chancery Court of Delaware against the Company.  The Complaint alleged that the Company is obligated to advance expenses including, attorney’s fees, to Dr. Krauss for the costs of defending against an SEC investigation and Subpoenas, and that the Company is also required to reimburse Dr. Krauss for the costs of bringing this lawsuit against the Company.  On September 3, 2021, Dr. Krauss filed an Amended Complaint which further alleged that Dr. Krauss is also allegedly entitled to advancement by the Company of her expenses, including attorney’s fees, for the costs of defending against the Third-Party Complaint in the Tyche action referenced below, and the costs of defending against the Company’s own Complaint against Dr. Krauss as described above.  On or about September 23, 2021, the Company filed its Answer to the Amended Complaint in which the Company denied each of Dr. Krauss’ claims and raised numerous affirmative defenses.

On November 15, 2021, Dr. Krauss filed a Motion for Summary Adjudication as to certain of the issues in the case, which was opposed by the Company.  On March 7, 2022, the Court issued a decision denying the Motion in part and granting it in part.  The Court then issued an Order implementing such decision on March 29, 2022.  The parties subsequently engaged in proceedings as set forth in that Order, and the Company was required to pay a portion of those fees while objecting to the remaining portion of disputed fees. On October 10, 2022 and January 18, 2023, Dr. Krauss filed applications to compel the Company to pay the full amount of fees requested by Dr. Krauss for May-October 2022, and to modify the Court’s Order. On May 3, 2023, the Court issued an Order granting both of Dr. Krauss’s Applications for payment of attorney’s fees totaling $714,557, which amount was paid in May 2023.

Notwithstanding the Order, such ruling does not constitute any final adjudication as to whether Dr. Krauss will ultimately be entitled to permanently retain such advancements, and Dr. Krauss has posted an undertaking with the Court affirmatively promising to repay all such amounts if she is eventually found to be liable for the Company’s and/or the SEC’s claims against her. The Company is seeking payment for a substantial portion of such amounts from its director and officers’ insurance policy issued by AmTrust International Underwriters, as referenced below.

In 2022 and 2023, we made payments in the aggregate amount of $2,566,850 and $1,115,254, respectively, to our former Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Marlene Krauss, a then greater than 5% stockholder, in settlement of certain claims by Dr. Krauss for the advancement of expenses incurred by Dr. Krauss in certain pending legal matters to which Dr. Krauss, pursuant to our organizational documents and Delaware law, was determined to be owed indemnification for.

Action Against Tyche Capital LLC

The Company commenced and filed an action against defendant Tyche Capital LLC (“Tyche”) in the Supreme Court of New York in the County of New York on April 15, 2021.  In its Complaint, the Company alleged claims against Tyche arising out of Tyche’s breach of its written contractual obligations to the Company as set forth in a “Guarantee and Commitment Agreement” dated July 25, 2019, and a “Term Sheet for KBL Business Combination With CannBioRex” dated April 10, 2019 (collectively, the “Subject Guarantee”), and claimed that Tyche’s breach of the Subject Guarantee caused the Company damages in the amount of at least $6,776,686.

On or about May 17, 2021, Tyche responded to the Company’s Complaint by filing an Answer and Counterclaims against the Company alleging that it was the Company, rather than Tyche, that had breached the Subject Guarantee.  Tyche also filed a Third-Party Complaint against six third-party defendants, including three members of the Company’s management, Sir Marc Feldmann, Dr. James Woody, and Ozan Pamir (collectively, the “Individual Company Defendants”), claiming that they allegedly breached fiduciary duties to Tyche with regards to the Subject Guarantee. 

On November 23, 2021, the Court granted the Company’s request to issue an Order of attachment against all of Tyche’s shares of the Company’s stock that had been held in escrow.  In so doing, the Court found that the Company had demonstrated a likelihood of success on the merits of the case based on the facts alleged in the Company’s Complaint.

On February 18, 2022, Tyche filed an Amended Answer, Counterclaims and Third-Party Complaint.  On August 25, 2022, the Court granted the Company’s Motion to Dismiss each of the Individual Company Defendants, and also three of the four Counterclaims brought against the Company, leaving only Tyche’s declaratory relief claim. On August 26, 2022, Tyche filed a Motion to vacate or modify the Company’s existing attachment Order against Tyche’s shares of the Company’s stock held in escrow, however, the Court summarily denied such Motion on January 3, 2023. Although Tyche subsequently filed a Notice of Appeal as to that denial, on May 4, 2023, the Appellate Court unanimously affirmed the ruling of the lower Court in the Company’s favor.

On January 30, 2023, the Company filed a Notice of Motion for Summary Judgment. In hearings held on September 11 and 19, 2023, the Court granted the Company’s Motion, but referred the question as to the amount of the Company’s damages against Tyche to a special referee. Tyche filed a Notice of Appeal as to the Court’s ruling.

On June 30, 2024, the Company entered into a written Settlement Agreement with Tyche and Ronald Bauer & Samantha Bauer to fully resolve this action with Tyche and the Bauer action referenced below. The Settlement Agreement has been fully signed, and the parties are currently engaged in performing its terms, which include, among other things, transfer to the Company of Tyche’s shares of the Company’s stock in escrow, transfer to the Company of shares of the Company’s stock held by Theseus Capital Ltd. and Astatine Capital Ltd., forgiveness of loans to the Company by the Bauer Defendants, exoneration of the Company’s $50,000 bond in the Tyche action, complete mutual releases of all claims and counterclaims in both actions, and dismissal of both the Tyche action and the Bauer action in their entireties. As a result of forgiveness of loans payable to the Bauer Defendants totaling $81,720, and accrued interest of $25,171, as well as release of the Company’s $50,000 bond, the Company recognized a gain of $156,891 during the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Action Against Ronald Bauer & Samantha Bauer

The Company and two of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Katexco Pharmaceuticals Corp. and CannBioRex Pharmaceuticals Corp. (collectively, the “Company Plaintiffs”), initiated legal action against Ronald Bauer and Samantha Bauer, as well as two of their companies, Theseus Capital Ltd. and Astatine Capital Ltd. (collectively, the “Bauer Defendants”), in the Supreme Court of British Columbia on February 25, 2022. The Complaint claims that the Bauer Defendants misappropriated funds and stock shares, engaged in unauthorized stock sales, and obtained improper travel expenses. The Bauer Defendants filed a Response denying the Civil Claim Complaint of the Company on May 6, 2022.

On June 30, 2024, the Company Plaintiffs, Tyche and the Bauer Defendants entered into the Settlement Agreement described above, which fully resolves this action.

Declaratory Relief Action Against the Company by AmTrust International

On June 29, 2022, AmTrust International Underwriters DAC (“AmTrust”), which was the premerger directors’ and officers’ insurance policy underwriter for KBL, filed a declaratory relief action against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California (the “Declaratory Relief Action”) seeking a declaration that AmTrust is not obligated to reimburse the Company for fees advanced by the Company to Dr. Krauss and George Hornig under the directors’ and officers’ insurance policy.

On September 20, 2022, the Company filed its Answer and Counterclaims against AmTrust for bad faith breach of AmTrust’s insurance coverage obligations to the Company under the subject insurance policy, seeking at least $2 million in compensatory damages, and punitive damages. In addition, the Company brought a Third-Party Complaint against its excess insurance carrier, Freedom Specialty Insurance Company (“Freedom”) seeking declaratory relief that Freedom will also be required to honor its policy coverage as soon as the amount of AmTrust’s insurance coverage obligations to the Company has been exhausted. On October 25, 2022, AmTrust filed its Answer to the Company’s Counterclaims and, on October 27, 2022, Freedom filed its Answer to the Third-Party Complaint.

On November 22, 2022, the Company filed a Motion for Summary Adjudication against both AmTrust and Freedom and, on April 21, 2023, the Court issued an Order Granting in Part and Denying in Part the Company’s Motion. This Order essentially ruled in favor of the Company on nearly all of the issues in the case, but found there were still issues of disputed facts as to the Change in Control exclusion contained within the policies, which precluded the Court from granting the remainder of the Company’s requests for summary adjudication as a matter of law.

On August 4, 2023, the Court granted the Company’s request to file a second motion for partial summary judgment, this one being on the issue of whether AmTrust should be required to advance to the Company the defense costs being incurred by Dr. Krauss and Mr. Hornig during the pendency of the case. On February 12, 2024, the Court granted the Company’s Motion and ordered that: (a) AmTrust is obligated under its insurance policy to advance to the Company all defense costs in excess of the deductible that the Company has advanced, or will advance, to Dr. Krauss and Mr. Hornig in connection with the SEC Subpoenas, and (b) upon exhaustion of the AmTrust insurance policy, Freedom is obligated to do the same pursuant to its excess liability insurance policy. This Order applies throughout the interim of the case, but does not constitute a final judgment, and both the Company and the two insurers retain their rights to contest all applicable issues at trial, which is scheduled for May 12, 2025.

On April 16, 2024, AmTrust paid the Company $2.27 million in reimbursement of fees which the Company had advanced to Dr. Krauss and Mr. Hornig, of which the Company received $1,512,711 after the payment of attorney’s fees. On May 9, 2024, AmTrust paid the Company a further $300,140 in reimbursement of fees advanced by the Company, of which the Company received $200,093 after the payment of attorney’s fees.

The Company, Freedom and Amtrust held a mediation conference on August 21, 2024, during which, the Company agreed to the terms of a settlement with Freedom.

On September 23, 2024, Freedom paid the Company a further $125,000 in reimbursement of fees advanced by the Company, of which the Company received $76,639 after the payment of attorney’s fees.

Amtrust and the Company have commenced written discovery proceedings against each other and anticipate that depositions will also occur. The Company intends to continue to vigorously pursue this matter in order to establish the Company’s entitlement to full and final payment by AmTrust of the subject advancement expenses of the Company. While the Company continues to believe it has a strong case against AmTrust, there can be no assurance that the Company will prevail in this action. The final outcome of the litigation is unknown at this time and such final outcome could be materially adverse to the Company.

The parties have commenced written discovery proceedings against each other and anticipate that depositions will also occur. The Company intends to continue to vigorously pursue this matter in order to establish the Company’s entitlement to full and final payment by both AmTrust and Freedom of the subject advancement expenses of the Company. While the Company continues to believe it has a strong case against both AmTrust and Freedom, there can be no assurance that the Company will prevail in this action. 

Indemnification Agreements

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and officers. The indemnification agreements and our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws require us to indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.

Related Party Transaction Policy

Our Audit Committee must review and approve any related party transaction we propose to enter into. Our Audit Committee charter details the policies and procedures relating to transactions that may present actual, potential or perceived conflicts of interest and may raise questions as to whether such transactions are consistent with the best interest of our company and our stockholders. A summary of such policies and procedures is set forth below.

Any potential related party transaction that is brought to the Audit Committee’s attention will be analyzed by the Audit Committee, in consultation with outside counsel or members of management, as appropriate, to determine whether the transaction or relationship does, in fact, constitute a related party transaction. At its meetings, the Audit Committee will be provided with the details of each new, existing or proposed related party transaction, including the terms of the transaction, the business purpose of the transaction and the benefits to us and to the relevant related party.

In determining whether to approve a related party transaction, the Audit Committee must consider, among other factors, the following factors to the extent relevant:

Any member of the Audit Committee who has an interest in the transaction under discussion must abstain from any voting regarding the transaction, but may, if so, requested by the Chairman of the Audit Committee, participate in some or all of the Audit Committee’s discussions of the transaction. Upon completion of its review of the transaction, the Audit Committee may determine to permit or to prohibit the transaction.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our directors and officers, and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of a registered class of the Registrant’s equity securities, to file reports of beneficial ownership and changes in beneficial ownership of our securities with the SEC on Forms 3, 4 and 5. Officers, directors and greater than 10% stockholders are required by SEC regulation to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.

Based solely upon our review of the Section 16(a) filings that have been furnished to us and filed publicly, we believe that during the year ended December 31, 2023, that no director, executive officer, or beneficial owner of more than 10% of our common stock failed to file a report on a timely basis, except that: Jonathan Rothbard, our former Chief Scientific Officer, failed to file one report on Form 4, and as a result one transaction was not timely filed; Francis Knuettel, our former director, failed to file one report on Form 4, and as a result one transaction was not timely filed; Dr. James Woody, our former Chief Executive Officer and director, failed to file one report on Form 4, and as a result one transaction was not timely filed; Teresa DeLuca, our former director, failed to file one report on Form 4, and as a result one transaction was not timely filed; Russell T. Ray, our former director, failed to file one report on Form 4, and as a result one transaction was not timely filed; and Sir Marc Feldmann, our former Executive Co-Chairman, failed to file one report on Form 4, and as a result one transaction was not timely filed.

Pursuant to SEC rules, we are not required to disclose in this filing any failure to timely file a Section 16(a) report that has been disclosed by us in a prior annual report or proxy statement.

Summary of September 2024 Asset Purchase Agreement; Series B
Convertible Preferred Stock and Warrants

Background

As previously disclosed in that Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on October 3, 2024, on September 29, 2024, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Elray Resources, Inc. (“Elray”).

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Elray agreed to sell us certain source code and intellectual property relating to an online blockchain casino (the “Purchased Assets”) in consideration for 1,000,000 shares of newly designated Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Preferred Stock”, and the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion thereof, the “Conversion Shares”) and warrants to purchase 3,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company (the “Warrants” and the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise thereof, the “Warrant Shares”).

The closing of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement were subject to certain customary conditions to closing, including the filing of the designation of the Preferred Stock with the Secretary of State of Delaware, and the receipt by the Company of an opinion of Hempstead & Co., LLC to the effect that, as of the date of such opinion and subject to the assumptions, qualifications, limitations and such other factors deemed relevant by Hempstead & Co., LLC, as set forth in such opinion, the purchase price to be paid by the Company was fair, from a financial point of view, to the Company, which opinion was received verbally on September 29, 2024, which conditions to closing were either satisfied or waived by the parties on September 30, 2024.

The acquisition contemplated by the Purchase Agreement (the “Acquisition”) closed on September 30, 2024 (the “Closing” and such date, the “Acquisition Closing Date”).

Following the Closing, Elray agreed to provide support and assistance to the Company in connection with the building and launching of a fully operational casino operation utilizing the Purchased Assets, at no cost to the Company for a period of six months following the Closing, provided that such assistance shall not exceed 40 hours per week without the prior written approval of the Seller (the “Post-Closing Assistance”). The Post-Closing Assistance will also require Elray to assist the Company with obtaining payment gateways and licensing where required, acknowledging that the Company will require a front end (the “Front-End Development”). Following the Closing, at the request of the Company, Elray and the Company shall negotiate in good faith to come to agreement on an arrangement whereby Elray will, for an additional cost agreed to by Elray, help the Company complete the Front-End Development, or at the request of the Company, Elray shall introduce the Company to a vendor that would sell such a front end for one or more casinos that will operate on the Purchased Assets at a cost to be agreed between such vendor and the Company, in the Company’s sole discretion. The Company has sole discretion to determine which, if any, vendor it retains for the Front End Development.

The Purchase Agreement also restricts Elray, in perpetuity, from copying, selling, assigning, hypothecating, or otherwise transferring the Purchased Assets to any other party, without the prior written consent of the Company, and provides for the Company to be the sole owner of the Purchased Assets, except that Elray shall be authorized to retain and use the Purchased Assets for its own benefit and utilize such assets to provide SAAS solutions and hosted casino solutions to third party companies.

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, we agreed to file a proxy statement with the SEC (the “Required Proxy Statement”) to seek stockholder approval for the issuance of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares, under applicable rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market, as soon as reasonably practicable, which proposals are included in this Proxy Statement. We also agreed to use our reasonable best efforts to: (i) cause the Required Proxy Statement to be mailed to our stockholders as promptly as practicable following sign off from the SEC on such Required Proxy Statement, or no later than the 20th day after such preliminary Proxy Statement is filed with the SEC, in the event the SEC does not notify the Company of its intent to review such Required Proxy Statement, and (ii) ensure that the Required Proxy Statement complies in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Securities Act and Exchange Act. We are also required to hold a shareholders meeting to seek shareholder approval for the issuance of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares promptly after the SEC has confirmed that it has no comments on such Required Proxy Statement (the “Stockholder Approval”, and the date of such Stockholder Approval, the “Stockholder Approval Date”).

The Assets were determined by the Company to not represent a ‘business’ for the purposes of applicable rules and requirements.

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock

On September 30, 2024, in contemplation of the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, and pursuant to the power provided to the Company by the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as amended, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the adoption of, and filing of, a Certificate of Designations of 180 Life Sciences Corp. Establishing the Designations, Preferences, Limitations and Relative Rights of Its Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series B Designation”), which was filed with, and became effective with, the Secretary of State of Delaware on the same date. The Series B Designation designated 1,000,000 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock which were issued to Elray on the Acquisition Closing Date.

The below is a summary of the rights and preferences of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock:

Voting Rights. Until such time, if ever, as Stockholder Approval is received, the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock only has rights to vote on amendments to the Series B Designation (which are subject to the approval of a simple majority of the holders of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock), and the Protective Provisions, discussed below.

The Series B Preferred Stock require the consent of the holders of at least a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock to (a) increase or decrease (other than by redemption or conversion) the total number of authorized shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company; (b) adopt or authorize any new designation of any Preferred Stock or amend the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company in a manner which (i) provides any holder of common stock or preferred stock any rights upon a liquidation of the Company which are prior and superior to those of the holders of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock; or (ii) adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock; (c) effect an exchange, or create a right of exchange, cancel, or create a right to cancel, of all or any part of the shares of another class of shares into shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock; (d) alter or change the rights, preferences or privileges of the shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock so as to affect adversely the shares of such series; and (e) issue any shares of Series A Preferred Stock or Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, other than the Preferred Stock issued at the Closing (collectively, the “Protective Provisions”).

After Stockholder Approval, in addition to the above voting rights, each holder of outstanding shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock shall be entitled to cast the number of votes in connection with the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock shares held by such holder equal to the number of whole shares of common stock into which the shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock held by such holder are convertible (as discussed below) as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote on such matter. Fractional votes shall not, however, be permitted and any fractional voting rights available on an as-converted to common stock basis (after aggregating all fractional shares into which shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock held by each holder could be converted) shall be rounded down to the nearest whole share. Except as provided by law or by the other provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation or the Series B Designation, holders of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock shall vote together with the holders of common stock as a single class and there shall be no series voting.

Dividend Rights. None, except that if the Company declares a dividend or makes a distribution of cash (or any other distribution treated as a dividend under Section 301 of the Internal Revenue Code) on its common stock, each holder of Shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock is entitled to participate in such dividend or distribution in an amount equal to the largest number of whole shares of common stock into which all shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock held of record by such holder are convertible as of the record date for such dividend or distribution or, if there is no specified record date, as of the date of such dividend or distribution. Notwithstanding the foregoing, holders shall have no right of participation in connection with dividends or distributions made to the common stock stockholders consisting solely of shares of common stock.

Liquidation Preference. In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, either voluntary or involuntary (each a “Liquidation Event”), the holders of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to receive prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of the common stock or securities junior to the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (other than the common stock) by reason of their ownership of such stock, but after any required distribution to any holders of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, an amount in cash per share of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock for each share of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock held by them equal to the greater of (x) one times the Stated Value; and (y) the total amount of consideration that would have been payable on such share upon a Liquidation Event, had such share of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock been converted into common stock, immediately prior to such Liquidation Event (as applicable, the “Liquidation Preference”). The “Stated Value” is $17.30 per share of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, for a total aggregate Liquidation Preference of $17,300,000.

Conversion Rights. None prior to Stockholder Approval. After Stockholder Approval, at the option of the holder(s) thereof, each share of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible into a number of shares of common stock of the Company as equals the Conversion Rate. The “Conversion Rate” shall initially be 0.685 (or 685,000 shares in aggregate, which would represent 40% of the Company’s then outstanding shares of common stock)(66.7% of the Company’s pre-issuance outstanding shares of common stock), as equitably adjusted, as applicable for stock splits and recapitalizations; provided that if at any time after the original issuance date of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and prior to the Stockholder Approval Date, the Company shall actually issue any additional shares of common stock of the Company (each a “Dilutive Issuance”), the Conversion Rate shall be increased to a value equal to (x)(i) the total outstanding shares of common stock (“Total Outstanding Shares”) on the date immediately following such Dilutive Issuance, divided by (ii) 60%, minus (iii) the Total Outstanding Shares on the date immediately following such Dilutive Issuance, divided by (y) 1,000,000, rounded to the thousands place, as equitably adjusted, as applicable for stock splits and recapitalizations (each a “Dilutive Adjustment”); provided that in no event will the Conversion Rate be greater than ten. The effect of any change in the Conversion Rate shall not be retroactive and shall only apply for conversions of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock following the date of any Dilutive Adjustment. The Conversion Rate is designed to result in the holders of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock receiving 40% of the then outstanding shares of common stock upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (66.7% of the Company’s pre-issuance outstanding shares of common stock), subject to a maximum of 10 million shares of common stock, and further subject to such conversion ratio being fixed upon Stockholder Approval. As of the date of this Proxy Statement the Conversion Rate is [ ] and an aggregate of [ ] shares of common stock are issuable upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, provided that as discussed above, the Conversion Rate continues to adjust until the Stockholder Approval Date, subject to a maximum Conversion Rate of ten.

Redemption Rights. None.

Common Stock Purchase Warrants

In connection with the Closing, on September 30, 2024, we granted warrants to purchase 3,000,000 shares of common stock to Elray pursuant to a Common Stock Purchase Warrant (the “Warrant Agreement”). The Warrants have an exercise price of $1.68 per share, the closing stock price of the Company’s common stock on the last trading day prior to the parties’ entry into the Purchase Agreement, and a term of seven years (through September 30, 2031). The Warrants also provide for cashless exercise rights. No shares of common stock may be issued upon exercise of the Warrants until or unless the Company has received Stockholder Approval.

If exercised in full, the maximum number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is 3,000,000 shares of common stock.

Proposal 1
Election of Directors

General

At the annual meeting, three Class II directors are to be elected for a two-year term, to hold office until the 2026 annual meeting of stockholders and until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee has recommended, and the Board of Directors has selected, the following nominees for election: Blair Jordan, Omar Jimenez and Ryan Smith, all of whom are currently directors of our company. If any nominee for any reason is unable to serve or for good cause will not serve, the proxies may be voted for such substitute nominee as the proxy holder may determine. The Company is not aware of any nominee who will be unable to, or for good cause will not, serve as a director.

The Company’s Nominating Committee has reviewed the qualifications of the director nominees and has recommended each of the nominees for election to the Board.

General Director Qualifications

The Board of Directors believes that each of our director nominees is highly qualified to serve as a member of the Board of Directors. Each of the director nominees has contributed to the mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications of the Board of Directors. When evaluating candidates for election to the Board of Directors, the Board of Directors seeks candidates with certain qualities that it believes are important, including integrity, an objective perspective, good judgment, and leadership skills. Our director nominees are highly educated and have diverse backgrounds and talents and extensive track records of success in what we believe are highly relevant positions.

What Vote Is Required To Elect the Director Nominees

A plurality of the votes cast in person or by proxy by the holders of our common stock entitled to vote at the annual meeting are required to elect each director. A plurality of the votes cast means (1) the director nominee with the most votes for a particular seat is elected for that seat; and (2) votes cast shall not include votes to “withhold authority” (shown as “AGAINST” on the enclosed form of proxy) and exclude abstentions with respect to that director’s election. Therefore, abstentions and broker non-votes (which occur if a broker or other nominee does not have discretionary authority and has not received instructions with respect to a particular director nominee within ten days of the annual meeting) will not be counted in determining the number of votes cast with respect to that director’s election.

Properly executed proxies will be voted at the annual meeting in accordance with the instructions specified on the proxy; if no such instructions are given, the persons named as agents and proxies in the enclosed form of proxy will vote such proxy “FOR” the election of the nominees named herein. Should any nominee become unavailable for election, discretionary authority is conferred to the persons named as agents and proxies in the enclosed form of proxy to vote for a substitute.

Pursuant to the power provided to the Board of Directors in our Amended and Restated Bylaws (“Bylaws”), the Board has set the number of directors that shall constitute the Board at five. Proxies cannot be voted for a greater number of persons than the number of nominees named on the enclosed form of proxy, and stockholders may not cumulate their votes in the election of directors.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS
VOTING “FOR” EACH OF THE THREE NOMINEES.

PROPOSAL 2
ADOPTION OF THE THIRD AMENDMENT TO THE 180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP. 2022
OMNIBUS INCENTIVE PLAN

General

The share reserve under the Second Amended and Restated 180 Life Sciences Corp. 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2022 OIP”) has been significantly depleted and significantly reduced by the affects of the 1-for-20 Reverse Stock Split effective on December 19, 2022 and the 1-for-19 Reverse Stock Split effective on February 28, 2024, discussed above under “Reverse Stock Splits”. If our stockholders do not approve an increase in the share reserve under the 2022 OIP, we will not have sufficient shares to cover our annual equity award grants scheduled to be made in 2025, and we will lose access to an important compensation tool that is key to our ability to attract, motivate, reward, and retain our key employees and directors.

Consequently, on October 29, 2024, upon the recommendation of our Compensation Committee, our Board adopted the Third Amendment (the “Amendment”) to the 2022 OIP, subject to stockholder approval. The 2022 OIP, as amended by the Amendment, is hereinafter referred to as the “Amended Plan.”

The Amendment makes the following key changes to the 2022 OIP:

If stockholders do not approve this Proposal 2, the Amendment will not become effective, the proposed additional shares will not become available for issuance under the 2022 OIP, and the 2022 OIP will continue as in effect prior to the Amendment, subject to previously authorized share limits.

A copy of the Amendment is attached as Appendix A to this Proxy Statement, and a conformed copy of the 2022 OIP, as amended by the Amendment, is attached as Appendix B to this Proxy Statement. Other than the limited amendments described herein, we are not making other changes to the 2022 OIP.

Background and Purpose of the Amended Plan

The Compensation Committee and the Board are asking the Company’s stockholders to approve the Amendment because the Compensation Committee and the Board believe that it is in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders to provide, through the Amended Plan, a comprehensive equity and long-term compensation program designed to enable the Company to attract, retain, and reward employees, non-employee directors, and other persons providing services to the Company. The Compensation Committee and the Board also believe that long-term equity compensation is essential to link executive compensation with long-term stockholder value creation. Equity compensation represents a significant portion of the compensation package for management. Since our equity awards generally vest over several years, the value ultimately realized from these awards depends on the long-term value of our common stock. We strongly believe that granting equity awards motivates management to think and act like owners, rewarding them when value is created for stockholders.

The Amended Plan provides for a broad range of awards to enable the Company to respond to market trends and to structure incentives to align to its business goals. In particular, the Amended Plan authorizes awards under the 2022 OIP in the form of performance awards, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock options, which may be either incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, other stock-based awards and dividend equivalents, as discussed in greater detail below.

Current Overview of Outstanding Equity Information

There are only 6,462 shares available for future awards under the Company’s 2020 OIP and only 16,052 shares available for future awards under the Company’s 2022 OIP.

The Amended Plan authorizes an additional 776,321 shares for issuance of equity awards under the Amended Plan (representing approximately [ ]% of the outstanding shares of the Company common stock as of October 31, 2024). In setting and recommending to stockholders the number of additional shares to authorize under the Amended Plan pursuant to the Amendment, the Compensation Committee and the Board considered the historical number of equity awards granted under the 2020 OIP and 2022 OIP, as well as the Company’s average burn rate for the preceding two fiscal years.

When considering the number of additional shares to add to the 2022 OIP, the Compensation Committee and the Board reviewed, among other things, the potential dilution to the Company’s current stockholders as measured by burn rate, projected future share usage, and projected future forfeitures. The projected future usage of shares for long-term incentive awards under the 2022 OIP was reviewed under scenarios based on a variety of assumptions. Depending on assumptions, the 776,321 shares to be added to the 2022 OIP pursuant to the Amendment, in combination with the remaining authorized shares and shares added back to the 2022 OIP from forfeitures of awards granted under the 2022 OIP, are projected to satisfy the Company’s equity compensation needs for the next eighteen months. In light of the factors considered by the Board and Compensation Committee, the Board and Compensation Committee believe that this number of shares represents reasonable potential equity dilution and provides a significant incentive for officers, employees, and non-employee directors to increase the value of the Company for all stockholders. The Compensation Committee is committed to effectively managing the number of shares reserved for issuance under the Amended Plan while minimizing stockholder dilution.

In light of the factors described above, and the fact that our ability to continue to grant equity and equity-based compensation is vital to our ability to continue to attract and retain key personnel in the labor markets in which we compete, the Board has determined that the size of the share reserve under the Amended Plan is reasonable and appropriate at this time.

Summary of the Material Terms of the Amended Plan

The following is a summary of the principal features of the Amended Plan. This summary does not purport to be a complete description of all of the provisions of the Amended Plan. It is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Amended Plan, following the approval of the Amendment (included as Appendix A to this proxy statement), which is included as Appendix B to this proxy statement.

Purpose. The purpose of the Amended Plan is to promote the interests of the Company and its subsidiaries and its stockholders by (i) attracting and retaining directors, executive officers, employees and consultants of outstanding ability; (ii) motivating such individuals by means of performance-related incentives to achieve the longer-range performance goals of the Company and its subsidiaries; and (iii) enabling such individuals to participate in the long-term growth and financial success of the Company.

Administration. The Board of Directors, and unless otherwise determined by our Board, our Compensation Committee of the Board, have the power and authority to administer the Amended Plan (the “Administrator”). The Administrator has the authority to (i) determine the type or types of awards to be granted to each participant; (ii) select the participants to whom awards may from time to time be granted; (iii) determine all matters and questions related to the termination of service of a participant with respect to any award granted to him or her; (iv) determine the number of awards to be granted and the number of shares to which an award will relate; (v) approve forms of agreement for use under the Amended Plan; (vi) determine the terms and conditions of any awards; (vii) prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Amended Plan; (viii) determine whether, to what extent, and pursuant to what circumstances an award may be settled in, or the exercise or purchase price of an award may be paid in, cash, stock, other awards, or other property, or an award may be canceled, forfeited or surrendered; (ix) suspend or accelerate the vesting of any award granted under the Amended Plan or waive the forfeiture restrictions or any other restriction or limitation regarding any awards or the shares of stock relating thereto; (x) construe and interpret the terms of the Amended Plan and awards granted pursuant to the Amended Plan; and (xi) make all other decisions and determinations that may be required pursuant to the Amended Plan or as it deems necessary or advisable to administer the Amended Plan.

Eligibility. Employees, non-employee directors, and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries are eligible to participate in the Amended Plan. Incentive stock options may be granted under the Amended Plan only to employees of our company and its subsidiaries. Employees, directors and consultants of our company and its affiliates are eligible to receive all other types of awards under the Amended Plan.

Awards. Awards under the Amended Plan may be made in the form of performance awards, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock options, which may be either incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, other stock-based awards and dividend equivalents. Awards are generally non-transferable.

Shares Subject to the Amended Plan. Subject to adjustment in connection with the payment of a stock dividend, a stock split or subdivision or combination of the shares of common stock, or a reorganization or reclassification of the Company’s common stock, the aggregate number of shares of common stock which may be issued pursuant to awards under the Amended Plan is 223,679. The 223,679 share limit also applies to the total number of incentive stock options which may be awarded pursuant to the terms of the Amended Plan.

If an award granted under the Amended Plan entitles a holder to receive or purchase shares of our common stock, then on the date of grant of the award, the number of shares covered by the award (or to which the award relates) will be counted against the total number of shares available for granting awards under the Amended Plan. As a result, the shares available for granting future awards under the Amended Plan will be reduced as of the date of grant. However, certain shares that have been counted against the total number of shares authorized under the Amended Plan in connection with awards previously granted under such Amended Plan will again be available for awards under the Amended Plan as follows: shares of our common stock covered by an award or to which an award relates which were not issued because the award terminated or was forfeited or cancelled without the delivery of shares will again be available for awards.

Shares issued under the Amended Plan may be authorized but unissued shares or reacquired shares. Any shares covered by an award, or portion of an award, granted under the Amended Plan that is forfeited, canceled, cash-settled, expired or otherwise terminated without the issuance of shares, shall again be available for the grant of an award under the Amended Plan.

Award Limitations on Non-Director Awards. The maximum number of shares subject to awards granted during a single compensation year (that is from one annual meeting of stockholders to the next annual meeting) to any non-employee director, taken together with any cash fees paid during the compensation year to the non-employee director, in respect of the director’s service as a member of the Board during such year (including service as a member or chair of any committees of the Board), will not exceed $500,000 in total value (calculating the value of any such awards based on the grant date fair value of such awards for financial reporting purposes); provided that in the event such non-employee director is first appointed or elected to the Board during such compensation year, and/or in the case that the non-employee director is serving as non-employee chairperson of the Board, such amount shall not exceed $750,000 in total value.

Change in Capitalization or Other Corporate Event. If and to the extent necessary or appropriate to reflect any stock dividend, extraordinary dividend, stock split or share combination or any recapitalization, merger, consolidation, exchange of shares, spin-off, liquidation or dissolution of the Company or other similar transaction affecting our common stock, the Administrator shall adjust the number of shares of our common stock available for issuance under the Amended Plan, and the number, class and exercise price or base price of any outstanding award, and/or make such substitution, revision or other provisions or take such other actions with respect to any outstanding award or the holder or holders thereof, in each case as it determines to be equitable.

Terms and Conditions of Options. An “incentive stock option” is an option that meets the requirements of Section 422 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”), and a “non-qualified stock option” is an option that does not meet those requirements. An option granted will be exercisable only to the extent that it is vested on the date of exercise. No option may be exercisable more than ten years from the grant date. In general, the exercise price per share under each option granted under the Amended Plan may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of our common stock on the option grant date, provided that stockholders who own greater than 10% of the Company’s voting stock cannot be granted incentive stock options that have an exercise price less than 110% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. For so long as our common stock is listed on an established stock exchange, the fair market value of the common stock will be the closing price of our common stock on the exchange on which it is listed on the option grant date. If there is no closing price reported on the option grant date, the fair market value will be deemed equal to the closing price for the common stock on the last market trading day prior to the day of determination.

Terms and Conditions of Stock Appreciation Rights. A “stock appreciation right” (or a “SAR”) is the right to receive payment from the Company in cash and/or shares of common stock equal to the product of (i) the excess, if any, of the fair market value of one (1) share of our common stock on the exercise date over a specified price fixed by the Administrator on the grant date (which price may not be less than the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the grant date), multiplied by (ii) a stated number of shares of common stock. A SAR will be exercisable only to the extent that it is vested on the date of exercise. No SAR may be exercisable more than ten years from the grant date. SARs may be granted to participants in tandem with options or on their own. Tandem SARs will generally have substantially similar terms and conditions as the options with which they are granted.

Terms and Conditions of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units. “Restricted stock” is an award of common stock on which certain restrictions are imposed over specified periods that subject the shares to a substantial risk of forfeiture. A “restricted stock unit” is a unit, equivalent in value to a share of common stock, credited by means of a bookkeeping entry in our books to a participant’s account, which is settled in stock or cash upon vesting. Subject to the provisions of the Amended Plan, the Administrator will determine the terms and conditions of each award of restricted stock or restricted stock units, including the restriction period for the award, and the restrictions applicable to the award. Restricted stock and restricted stock units will vest based on a minimum period of service or the occurrence of events specified by the Administrator.

Terms and Conditions of Performance Awards. A “performance award” is a contractual right to receive shares of our common stock or a U.S.-denominated amount of cash which is earned (in whole or in part) based on the achievement of specified performance goals. Vested performance awards may be settled in cash, stock or a combination of cash and stock, at the discretion of the Administrator. Performance awards will vest based on the achievement of predetermined performance goals established by the Administrator. Performance goals may be established on a company-wide basis, with respect to one or more business units, divisions, subsidiaries or products or based on individual performance measures, and may be expressed in absolute terms or relative to other metrics including internal targets or budgets, past performance of the Company, the performance of one or more similarly situated companies, performance of an index, outstanding equity or other external measures. In the case of earning-based measures, performance goals may include comparisons relating to capital (including but limited to, the cost of capital), stockholders’ equity, shares outstanding, assets or net assets, or any combination thereof. Performance goals may also be subject to such other terms and conditions as the committee may determine appropriate. The committee may also adjust the performance goals for any performance cycle as it deems equitable in recognition of unusual or non-recurring events affecting the Company; changes in applicable tax laws or accounting principles; other extraordinary events such as restructurings; discontinued operations; asset write-downs; significant litigation or claims, judgments or settlements; acquisitions or divestitures; reorganizations or changes in the corporate structure or capital structure of the Company; foreign exchange gains and losses; change in the fiscal year of the Company; business interruption events; unbudgeted capital expenditures; unrealized investment gains and losses; impairments and/or such other factors as the committee may determine.

Other Stock-Based Awards. The Compensation Committee or Board of Directors may make other equity-based or equity-related awards not otherwise described by the terms of the plan.

Dividend Equivalents. A dividend equivalent is the right to receive payments in cash or in stock, based on dividends with respect to shares of stock. Dividend equivalents may be granted to participants in tandem with another award or on their own, but not in respect of stock options or SARs. In general, dividend equivalents will be paid to participants with respect to an award when the award becomes vested.

Termination of Employment. All of the terms relating to the exercise, cancellation or other disposition of any award upon a termination of employment or service with the Company of the participant, whether due to disability, death or under any circumstances may be determined by the Administrator and described in each participant’s award agreement. Unless otherwise set forth in the applicable agreement, the following provisions will apply:

Termination for Cause; Post-Service Competitive Activity. If a participant’s employment or service terminates for cause or a participant breaches any restrictive covenants (such as a non-competition or non-solicitation agreement) following the participant’s termination of employment or service, all options and SARs, whether vested or unvested, and all other awards that are unvested or unexercisable or otherwise unpaid (or were unvested or unexercisable or unpaid at the time of occurrence of cause or such breach) will be immediately forfeited and canceled. If the participant breaches the restrictive covenants following the termination, any portion of the participant’s awards that became vested after termination, and any shares or cash issued upon exercise or settlement of such awards, will be immediately forfeited, canceled, and disgorged or paid to the Company together with all gains earned or accrued due to the sale of shares issued upon exercise or settlement of such awards.

Termination due to Death. If a participant’s employment or service terminates by reason of death, all options and SARs (whether or not then otherwise exercisable) will become exercisable in full and may be exercised at any time prior to the earlier of (i) the one-year anniversary of the participant’s death or (ii) the expiration of the term of the options or SARs; provided that any in-the-money options and SARs that are still outstanding on the last day of their term will automatically be exercised on such date, and all other awards will immediately vest in full, and restricted stock units and performance awards that have not been settled or converted into shares prior to the participant’s death will immediately be settled in shares. Performance awards will vest and be paid based on target levels of performance.

Termination due to Disability. If a participant’s employment or service terminates by reason of disability, the participant will be treated as though the participant continued in the employ or service of the Company and all unvested awards will remain outstanding and vest, or in the case of options and SARs, vest and become exercisable, in accordance with the terms set forth in the applicable award agreement. Any options or SARs that are or become exercisable may be exercised at any time prior to the earlier of (i) the fifth anniversary of the participant’s termination for disability or (ii) the expiration of their term.

Involuntary Termination Without Cause. If a participant’s employment or service is involuntarily terminated without cause, all options and SARs that are unvested will be immediately forfeited and canceled, and all options and SARs that are vested will remain outstanding and exercisable until the earlier of (i) 30 days after the termination date or (ii) the expiration of their term, all restricted stock or restricted stock units that are unvested will be immediately forfeited and canceled, and provided that the participant signs a general release and waiver of claims in the form provided by the Company and does not exercise any rights to revoke such release, the participant will retain a pro-rated portion of any unvested performance awards granted earlier than one year prior to the termination date, and be earned based on the attainment of the applicable performance goals (and any performance awards that are not so earned will be forfeited and canceled).

Termination for Any Other Reason. If a participant’s employment or service terminates for any reason other than as set forth above, all options and SARs that are unvested will be immediately forfeited and canceled, and all options and SARs that are vested will remain outstanding and exercisable until the earlier of (i) 30 days after the termination date or (ii) the expiration of their term, and all other awards that are unvested or have not otherwise been earned shall be immediately forfeited and canceled.

Change in Control. Unless otherwise provided in an award agreement, and other than with respect to certain performance awards (described in the next paragraph), no cancellation, acceleration or other payment will occur in connection with a change in control of the Company if the Administrator reasonably determines in good faith, prior to the occurrence of the change in control, that the award will be honored or assumed, or new rights substituted therefor following the change in control, provided that any such alternative award must (i) give the participant rights and entitlements substantially equivalent to or better than the rights and terms applicable under the award immediately prior to the change in control, (ii) have terms such that if a participant’s employment is involuntarily or constructively terminated within the twenty-four months following the change in control at a time when any portion of the alternative award is unvested, the unvested portion of the alternative award will immediately vest in full and the participant will receive either (1) a cash payment equal in value to the excess (if any) of the fair market value of the stock subject to the alternative award at the date of exercise or settlement over the price that the participant would be required to pay to exercise the alternative award, or (2) or an equal value of publicly-traded shares or equity interests.

Unless otherwise provided in an award agreement, upon a change in control, then-outstanding performance awards will be modified to replace any performance goals with vesting solely based on the requirement of continued service through, as nearly as is practicable, the date(s) on which the satisfaction of the performance goals would have been measured if the change in control had not occurred or, if applicable, the later period of required service following such measurement date, with accelerated vesting if the participant’s employment is involuntarily or constructively terminated within the twenty-four months following the change in control. The number of such alternative awards will be equal to (i) if less than 50% of the performance cycle has elapsed, the target number of performance awards, and (ii) if 50% or more of the performance cycle has elapsed, a number of awards based on actual performance through the date of the change in control if determinable, or the target, if not determinable.

Except as otherwise provided above or in an award agreement, upon a change in control: each vested and unvested option or SAR will be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the excess, if any, of the change in control price over the applicable exercise or base price, the vesting restrictions applicable to all other unvested awards (other than freestanding dividend equivalents and performance awards) will lapse, and such awards will be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the change in control price, the alternative performance awards will be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the change in control price, all other awards (other than freestanding dividend equivalents) that were vested prior to the change in control but that have not been settled or converted into shares prior to the change in control will be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the change in control price, and all freestanding dividend equivalents will be cancelled without payment therefor.

To the extent any portion of the change in control price is payable other than in cash and/or other than at the time of the change in control, the award holders will receive the same value in respect of their awards (less any applicable exercise or base price) as is received by the Company’s stockholders in respect of their shares. To the extent any portion of the change in control price is payable other than at the time of the change in control, the committee will determine the time and form of payment to the award holders consistent with Section 409A of the Code and other applicable laws. Upon a change in control the committee may cancel options and SARs for no consideration if the fair market value of the shares subject to such options or such SARs is less than or equal to their exercise or base price.

Forfeiture, Cancellation or “Clawback” of Awards. Awards (and gains earned or accrued in connection with awards) will be subject to such generally applicable policies as to forfeiture and recoupment as may be adopted by the Compensation Committee or the Board. Participants will also forfeit and disgorge to the Company any awards granted or vested and any gains earned or accrued due to the exercise of options or SARs or the sale of any shares of stock to the extent required by applicable law or as required by any stock exchange or quotation system on which the stock is listed or quoted. Awards are also subject to any generally applicable clawback policy adopted by the Administrator, the Board or the Company that is communicated to the participants or any such policy adopted to comply with applicable law.

Amendment or Termination of the Amended Plan. The Amended Plan may be wholly or partially amended or otherwise modified, suspended or terminated at any time or from time to time by the Administrator; provided, that without the approval of the stockholders of the Company, no amendment or modification to the Amended Plan may (i) except as otherwise expressly provided in the Amended Plan, increase the number of shares subject to the Amended Plan; (ii) modify the class of persons eligible for participation in the Amended Plan or (iii) materially modify the Amended Plan in any other way that would require stockholder approval under applicable law. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the Amended Plan, neither the amendment, suspension nor termination of the Amended Plan shall, without the written consent of the holder of the award, materially adversely alter or impair any rights or obligations under any award theretofore granted. No award may be granted during any period of suspension nor after termination of the Amended Plan, and in no event may any award be granted under the Amended Plan after the expiration of ten years from the original effective date of the Amended Plan.

Amendment of an Award. The Administrator may at any time, and from time to time, amend the terms of any one or more existing award agreements, provided, however, that the rights of a participant under an award agreement may not be materially adversely impaired without the participant’s written consent.

Federal Income Tax Consequences

The Code provides that a participant receiving a nonqualified stock option ordinarily does not realize taxable income upon the grant of the stock option. A participant does, however, realize compensation income taxed at ordinary income tax rates upon the exercise of a nonqualified stock option to the extent that the fair market value of the common stock on the date of exercise exceeds the stock option price. Subject to the deduction limitation under Section 162(m) of the Code (which disallows a federal income tax deduction to any publicly held corporation for compensation paid in excess of $1.0 million in any taxable year to certain “covered employees”, which term includes the named executive officers of the Company), the Company is entitled to a federal income tax deduction for compensation in an amount equal to the ordinary income so realized by the participant. When the participant sells the shares acquired pursuant to a nonqualified stock option, any gain or loss will be capital gain or loss (this assumes that the shares represent a capital asset in the participant’s hands), and there will be no tax consequences for the Company.

The grant of an incentive stock option does not result in taxable income to a participant. The exercise of an incentive stock option also does not result in taxable income, provided that the circumstances satisfy the employment requirements in the Code. However, the exercise of an incentive stock option may give rise to alternative minimum tax liability for the participant. In addition, if the participant does not dispose of the common stock acquired upon exercise of an incentive stock option during the statutory holding period, then any gain or loss upon subsequent sale of the common stock will be a long-term capital gain or loss. This assumes that the shares represent a capital asset in the participant’s hands. The statutory holding period lasts until the later of two years from the date the stock option is granted and one year from the date the common stock is transferred to the participant pursuant to the exercise of the stock option. If the employment and statutory holding period requirements are satisfied, the Company may not claim any federal income tax deduction upon either the exercise of the incentive stock option or the subsequent sale of the common stock received upon exercise. If these requirements are not satisfied (a “disqualifying disposition”), the amount of ordinary income taxable to the participant is the lesser of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of exercise minus the stock option price and the amount realized on disposition minus the stock option price. Any excess is long-term or short-term capital gain or loss, assuming the shares represent a capital asset in the participant’s hands. Subject to the deduction limitation under Section 162(m) of the Code, in the case of a disqualifying disposition, the Company is entitled to a federal income tax deduction in an amount equal to the ordinary income realized by the participant.

The exercise of a stock option through the exchange of previously-acquired stock will generally be treated as a non-taxable like-kind exchange as to the number of shares given up and the identical number of shares received under the stock option. That number of shares will take the same tax basis and, for capital gain purposes, the same holding period as the shares that are given up. The value of the shares received upon such an exchange which are in excess of the number given up will be taxed to the participant at the time of the exercise as ordinary income, taxed as compensation. The excess shares will have a new holding period for capital gains purposes and a tax basis equal to the value of such shares determined at the time of exercise. If the tendered shares were acquired through the prior exercise of an incentive stock option and do not satisfy the statutory two-year and one-year holding periods (“disqualified shares”), then the tender will result in compensation income to the optionee taxed as ordinary income equal to the excess of the fair market value of the disqualified shares, determined when the prior incentive stock option was exercised, over the exercise price of the disqualified shares. The optionee will increase his tax basis in the number of shares received on exercise equal to the number of shares of disqualified shares tendered by the amount of compensation income recognized by the optionee with respect to the disqualified shares. Generally, the federal income tax consequences to the optionee are similar to those described above relating to the exercise of a stock option through the exchange of non-disqualified shares.

If an optionee exercises a stock option through the cashless exercise method by authorizing a broker to sell a specified number of the shares to be acquired through the stock option exercise having a market value equal to the sum of the stock option exercise plus any transaction costs (the “cashless shares”), the optionee should be treated as constructively receiving the full amount of stock option shares, followed immediately by a sale of the cashless shares by the optionee. In the case of an incentive stock option, the cashless exercise method would result in the cashless shares becoming disqualified shares and taxed in a manner described above for disqualified shares.

In the case of a nonqualified stock option, the cashless exercise method would result in compensation income to the optionee with respect to both the cashless shares and remaining stock option shares as discussed above relating to nonqualified stock options. Since the optionee’s tax basis in the cashless shares that are deemed received and simultaneously sold on exercise of the stock option is equal to the sum of the exercise price and the compensation to the optionee, no additional gain should be recognized by the optionee upon the deemed sale of the cashless shares.

Under Section 83(b) of the Code, an employee may elect to include in ordinary income, as compensation at the time restricted stock is first issued, the excess of the fair market value of the stock at the time of issuance over the amount paid, if any, by the employee. In this event, any subsequent change in the value of the shares will be recognized for tax purposes as capital gain or loss upon disposition of the shares, assuming that the shares represent a capital asset in the hands of the employee. An employee makes a Section 83(b) election by filing the election with the IRS no later than 30 days after the restricted stock is transferred to the employee. If a Section 83(b) election is properly made, the employee will not be entitled to any loss deduction if the shares with respect to which a Section 83(b) election was made are later forfeited. Unless a Section 83(b) election is made, no taxable income will generally be recognized by the recipient of a restricted stock award until the shares are no longer subject to the transfer restrictions or the risk of forfeiture. When either the transfer restrictions or the risk of forfeiture lapses, the employee will recognize ordinary income, taxable as compensation, in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of lapse over the amount paid, if any, by the employee for the stock. Absent a Section 83(b) election, any cash dividends or other distributions paid with respect to the restricted stock prior to the lapse of the transfer restrictions or risk of forfeiture will be included in the employee’s ordinary income as compensation at the time of receipt and subsequent appreciation or depreciation will be recognized as capital gain or loss, assuming that the shares represent a capital asset in the hands of the employee.

Generally, an employee will not recognize any taxable income upon the grant of stock appreciation rights, performance shares, or other stock or cash-based award. At the time the employee receives the payment for the stock appreciation right, performance shares, or other stock or cash-based award, the fair market value of shares of common stock or the amount of any cash received in payment for such awards generally is taxable to the employee as ordinary income, taxable as compensation.

Subject to the deduction limitation under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Company or one of its subsidiaries will be entitled to a deduction for federal income tax purposes at the same time and in the same amount that an employee recognizes ordinary income from awards under the Amended Plan.

The exercisability of a stock option or a stock appreciation right, the payment of a performance share or the elimination of restrictions on restricted stock, may be accelerated, and special cash settlement rights may be triggered and exercised, as a result of a change in control. If any of the foregoing occurs, all or a portion of the value of the relevant award at that time may be considered a parachute payment under the Code. This is relevant for determining whether a 20% excise tax (in addition to income tax otherwise owed) is payable by the participant as a result of the receipt of an excess parachute payment pursuant to the Code. The Company will not be entitled to a deduction for that portion of any parachute payment which is subject to the excise tax.

Unanimous Recommendation of the Board of Directors; Vote Required

This proposal to approve the Amendment requires approval by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast at the annual meeting by holders of voting capital stock who are present in person or by proxy.

OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS APPROVAL OF THE THIRD AMENDMENT TO THE 180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP. 2022 OMNIBUS INCENTIVE PLAN.

Proposal 3
Approval of an Advisory Resolution on Named Executive Officer
Compensation

General

In accordance with the requirements of Section 14A of the Exchange Act and the related rules of the SEC, our stockholders have the opportunity to cast an advisory vote to approve the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed pursuant to the SEC’s compensation disclosure rules, which disclosure includes the executive compensation tables, and the narrative disclosures that accompany the executive compensation tables.

Motivating and retaining a talented and experienced leadership team is a key component of the Company’s long-term success. We are committed to an effective executive compensation program that incorporates sound policies and best practices. The compensation realized by our named executive officers in 2023 reflected our executive compensation program’s alignment with Company performance and shareholder interests. We encourage shareholders to read the section entitled “Executive and Director Compensation,” above.

In accordance with Section 14A of the Exchange Act, and as a matter of good corporate governance, stockholders will be asked at the annual meeting to approve the following advisory resolution:

“RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Company’s named executive officers, as disclosed pursuant to Item 402 of Regulation S-K, including the compensation tables and any related material disclosed in this proxy statement, is hereby APPROVED.”

As an advisory vote, this proposal, commonly referred to as a “say on pay” resolution, is not binding on the Company, the Board, or the Compensation Committee. However, the Compensation Committee and the Board value the opinions expressed by stockholders in their votes on this proposal and will consider the outcome of the vote when making future compensation decisions regarding named executive officers.

We expect the next advisory say on pay vote will occur at the 2025 annual meeting of shareholders and that the next advisory vote on the frequency of say on pay votes will occur at the 2029 annual meeting.

Vote Required

Approval of Proposal 3 requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present or represented by proxy and voting at the annual meeting.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THIS PROPOSAL.

Proposal 4
for Purposes of Complying with Nasdaq Listing Rules 5635(a) and (B), to Approve the Issuance of More Than 20% of the Company’s Issued and Outstanding Common Stock Upon the Conversion of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock 

Background

The terms of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, including the conversion rights associated therewith, are discussed in greater detail above under “Summary of September 2024 Asset Purchase Agreement; Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and Warrants—Series B Convertible Preferred Stock”.

Reasons for Stockholder Approval

Because our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market, we are subject to The Nasdaq Stock Market Listing Rules. Rule 5635(a) of The Nasdaq Stock Market listing standards requires stockholder approval with respect to issuances of the Company’s common stock, among other instances, when the shares to be issued are being issued in connection with the acquisition of the assets of another company and are equal to 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding common stock or voting shares before the issuance. Rule 5635(b) of the Nasdaq Stock Market listing standards requires stockholder approval when any issuance or potential issuance will result in a change of control of the issuer. Although The Nasdaq Stock Market has not adopted any rule on what constitutes a “change of control” for purposes of Rule 5635(b), The Nasdaq Stock Market has previously indicated that the acquisition of, or right to acquire, by a single investor or affiliated investor group, as little as 20% of the common stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable for common stock) or voting power of an issuer could constitute a change of control.

The Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued in connection with the Purchase Agreement closing are convertible into the lesser of (a) 40% of our post-issuance common stock at the time of Stockholder Approval (which total shares would equal [  ] shares as of the date of this Proxy Statement, but which could increase prior to Stockholder Approval)(66.7% of the Company’s pre-issuance outstanding shares of common stock); or (b) 10,000,000 shares of common stock. As the number of shares of common stock issuable to Elray upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will exceed 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding voting shares, 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock shares, and will be deemed a change of control of the Company, we are required to obtain stockholder approval for the issuance of the shares of common stock upon conversion of the outstanding shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock pursuant to applicable Nasdaq rules and requirements.

We are not seeking stockholder approval of our entry into the Purchase Agreement or of the Acquisition. We have already entered into the Purchase Agreement, issued the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and Warrants, and the Closing of the Acquisition has already occurred and is not contingent upon stockholder approval. The failure of our stockholders to approve this proposal will not negate the existing terms of the Purchase Agreement, unwind the Closing or the Acquisition or have any effect on the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock or Warrants, except that such failure of our stockholders to approve this proposals will prevent the conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock by Elray.

Consequences of Not Approving the Proposal

If this Proposal is not approved by our stockholders, the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will not be convertible and we expect to hold additional stockholder meetings in the future to request approval of the issuance of shares of common stock upon the conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock. To the extent that the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock is not converted into common stock, the holders of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will maintain a liquidation preference of $17.3 million, we will be restricted from taking certain actions without the consent of the holders of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, as discussed above under “Summary of September 2024 Asset Purchase Agreement; Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and Warrants—Series B Convertible Preferred Stock” and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock shares, which adjusts automatically until the Stockholder Approval Date to equal 40% of the Company’s then outstanding shares of common stock after such issuance (66.7% of the Company’s pre-issuance outstanding shares of common stock), will continue to be adjustable, subject to a maximum of 10 million shares of common stock. Such liquidation preference may prevent our common stock holders from receiving any consideration in the event we were to liquidate, such Protective Provisions may prevent us from taking actions which would be beneficial to our non-preferred stock stockholders, and such adjustable Conversion Rate could create significant dilution to existing stockholders.

Description of the Common Stock that May be Issued

The shares of our common stock that may be issued upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will initially be unregistered and the same class of common stock that we have listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “ATNF.” Any issuance of our shares of our common stock upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will dilute the beneficial ownership of our current holders of common stock. Holders of our common stock have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights.

Resale Limitations

The offer and sale of the shares of our common stock that may be issued upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will be made in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Sections 3(a)(9) and/or 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. All certificates evidencing shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will bear a standard restrictive legend under the Securities Act. Any shares of our common stock issued upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock may not be sold or transferred unless registered under the Securities Act or unless an exemption from registration is available. Notwithstanding the above, subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, the holders of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will be able to tack the holding period of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock to the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion thereof for the purposes of meeting the required holding periods of Rule 144 of the Securities Act.

Vote Required

Approval of the issuance of shares of common stock upon the conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock requires the affirmative “For” vote of a majority of the votes cast on the proposal (more “For” votes than “Against” votes), provided that a quorum exists at the Annual Meeting. Broker non-votes and abstentions will not be counted as votes cast, and will have no effect on determining whether the affirmative votes constitute a majority of the votes cast at the Annual Meeting. Properly executed proxies will be voted at the Annual Meeting in accordance with the instructions specified on the proxy; if no such instructions are given, the persons named as agents and proxies in the enclosed form of proxy will vote such proxy “For” approving the issuance of shares of common stock upon the conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock.

A vote “For” this proposal is a vote “For” the issuance of all shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock pursuant to its terms.

OUR BOARD RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THIS PROPOSAL. 

Proposal 5
for Purposes of Complying with Nasdaq Listing Rules 5635(a) and (B), to
Approve the Issuance of More Than 20% of the Company’s Issued and
Outstanding Common Stock Upon the Exercise of Warrants to Purchase
Up to 3,000,000 Shares of Common Stock 

Background

The terms of the Warrants are discussed in greater detail above under “Summary of September 2024 Asset Purchase Agreement; Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and Warrants—Common Stock Purchase Warrants”.

Reasons for Stockholder Approval

Because our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market, we are subject to The Nasdaq Stock Market Listing Rules. Rule 5635(a) of The Nasdaq Stock Market listing standards requires stockholder approval with respect to issuances of the Company’s common stock, among other instances, when the shares to be issued are being issued in connection with the acquisition of the assets of another company and are equal to 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding common stock or voting shares before the issuance. Rule 5635(b) of the Nasdaq Stock Market listing standards requires stockholder approval when any issuance or potential issuance will result in a change of control of the issuer. Although The Nasdaq Stock Market has not adopted any rule on what constitutes a “change of control” for purposes of Rule 5635(b), The Nasdaq Stock Market has previously indicated that the acquisition of, or right to acquire, by a single investor or affiliated investor group, as little as 20% of the common stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable for common stock) or voting power of an issuer could constitute a change of control.

The Warrants issued in connection with the Purchase Agreement closing are exercisable for 3,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company following Stockholder Approval. As the number of shares of common stock issuable to Elray upon exercise of the Warrants will exceed 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding voting shares, 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock shares, and will be deemed a change of control of the Company, we are required to obtain stockholder approval for the issuance of the shares of common stock upon exercise of the Warrants pursuant to applicable Nasdaq rules and requirements.

We are not seeking stockholder approval of our entry into the Purchase Agreement or of the Acquisition. We have already entered into the Purchase Agreement, issued the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and Warrants, and the Closing of the Acquisition has already occurred and is not contingent upon stockholder approval. The failure of our stockholders to approve this proposal will not negate the existing terms of the Purchase Agreement, unwind the Closing or the Acquisition or have any effect on the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock or Warrants, except that such failure of our stockholders to approve this proposals will prevent the conversion of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock by Elray.

Consequences of Not Approving the Proposal

If this Proposal is not approved by our stockholders, the Warrants will not be exercisable and we expect to hold additional stockholder meetings in the future to request approval of the issuance of shares of common stock upon the exercise of the Warrants.

Description of the Common Stock that May be Issued

The 3,000,000 shares of our common stock that may be issued upon exercise of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will initially be unregistered and the same class of common stock that we have listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “ATNF.” Any issuance of our shares of our common stock upon exercise of the Warrants will dilute the beneficial ownership of our current holders of common stock. Holders of our common stock have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights.

Resale Limitations

The offer and sale of the shares of our common stock that may be issued upon exercise of the Warrants will be made in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Sections 3(a)(9) and/or 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. All certificates evidencing shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants will bear a standard restrictive legend under the Securities Act. Any shares of our common stock issued upon exercise of the Warrants may not be sold or transferred unless registered under the Securities Act or unless an exemption from registration is available. Notwithstanding the above, the Warrants have cashless exercise rights and the holder of the Warrants, subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, will be able to tack the holding period of the Warrants to the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise thereof in a cashless transaction for the purposes of meeting the required holding periods of Rule 144 of the Securities Act.

Vote Required

Approval of the issuance of shares of common stock upon the exercise of the Warrants requires the affirmative “For” vote of a majority of the votes cast on the proposal (more “For” votes than “Against” votes), provided that a quorum exists at the Annual Meeting. Broker non-votes and abstentions will not be counted as votes cast, and will have no effect on determining whether the affirmative votes constitute a majority of the votes cast at the Annual Meeting. Properly executed proxies will be voted at the Annual Meeting in accordance with the instructions specified on the proxy; if no such instructions are given, the persons named as agents and proxies in the enclosed form of proxy will vote such proxy “For” approving the issuance of shares of common stock upon the exercise of the Warrants.

OUR BOARD RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THIS PROPOSAL. 

Proposal 6
Ratification of Appointment of Auditors

Change in Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

On April 17, 2024, with the approval of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, the Company dismissed Marcum LLP (“Marcum”) as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, effective immediately. Also, on April 17, 2024, with the approval of the Audit Committee, the Company engaged M&K CPA’s, PLLC (“M&K CPAs”), as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024, effective immediately.

The audit reports of Marcum on the Company’s financial statements as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 (the “Audit Periods”), did not contain any adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion, nor were such reports qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles, except that such opinions disclosed an uncertainty of the Company to continue as a going concern.

During the Audit Periods and during the period from December 31, 2023 through April 17, 2024, the Company had: (i) no disagreements with Marcum of the type contemplated by Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedure, which, if not resolved to Marcum’s satisfaction, would have caused it to make reference to the subject matter of any such disagreement in connection with its reports; and (ii) no reportable events within the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K, except that the Audit Reports disclosed an uncertainty of the Company to continue as a going concern.

The Company provided Marcum with the disclosures above and requested Marcum to furnish the Company with a letter addressed to the Securities and Exchange Commission stating whether it agreed with the statements made by the Company and, if not, stating the respects in which it does not agree. A copy of Marcum’s letter is filed as Exhibit 16.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 19, 2024.

During the Audit Periods and during the period from December 31, 2023 through April 17, 2024, neither the Company nor anyone on its behalf consulted M&K CPAs regarding either (i) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or (ii) any matter that was the subject of a “disagreement” (within the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and the related instructions to that Item) or a “reportable event” (within the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K).

General

M&K CPAs was engaged as the Company’s independent registered accounting firm on April 17, 2024, as discussed above. The Board of Directors has selected M&K CPAs as the Company’s independent auditors for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, and recommends that the stockholders vote to ratify such appointment.

The Company does not anticipate a representative from M&K CPAs to be present at the annual stockholders meeting. In the event that a representative of M&K CPAs is present at the annual meeting, the representative will have the opportunity to make a statement if he/she desires to do so and the Company will allow such representative to be available to respond to appropriate questions.

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Our independent public accounting firm for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, was Marcum LLP, San Francisco, CA, PCAOB Auditor Firm Id: 688.

The following is a summary of fees paid to Marcum or to be paid to Marcum for audit, tax and related fees for services rendered during the periods indicated:

Audit Fees. Audit fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements and services that are normally provided by Marcum, in connection with regulatory filings, including for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, review of the financial information included in our Forms 10-Q for the respective periods and other required filings with the SEC for the applicable years. The above amounts include interim procedures and audit fees, as well as attendance at Audit Committee meetings.

Audit-Related Fees. Audit-related services consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to performance of the audit or review of our consolidated financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” These services include attest services that are not required by statute or regulation and consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards.

Tax Fees. Includes fees paid for tax return services.

All Other Fees. Includes fees not included under “Audit Fees”, “Audit-Related Fees” and “Tax Fees”.

Audit Committee Policy for Pre-approval of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Services

The Audit Committee of the Board is required to pre-approve all audit and non-audit services provided by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm in order to assure that the provision of such services does not impair the independent registered public accounting firm’s independence. The Audit Committee has established a policy regarding pre-approval of permissible audit, audit-related, and other services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm, which services are periodically reviewed and revised by the Audit Committee. Unless a type of service has received general pre-approval under the policy, the service will require specific approval by the Audit Committee. All audit and permitted non-audit services and all fees associated with such services performed by our independent registered public accounting firm in fiscal 2023 and 2022 were approved by the Audit Committee consistent with the policy described above.

Pre-Approval Policies

It is the policy of our Board of Directors that all services to be provided by our independent registered public accounting firm, including audit services and permitted audit-related and non-audit services, must be pre-approved by our Audit Committee. Our Audit Committee pre-approved all services, audit and non-audit related, provided to us by Marcum for 2023 and 2022.

In order to assure continuing auditor independence, the Audit Committee periodically considers the independent auditor’s qualifications, performance and independence and whether there should be a regular rotation of our independent external audit firm. We believe the continued retention of M&K CPAs to serve as our independent auditor is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, and we are asking our stockholders to ratify the appointment of M&K CPAs Marcum as our independent auditor for the year ended December 31, 2024. While the Audit Committee is responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention, termination and oversight of the independent registered public accounting firm, the Audit Committee and our Board of Directors are requesting, as a matter of policy, that the stockholders ratify the appointment of M&K CPAs as our independent registered public accounting firm.

Vote Required

Ratification of this appointment shall be effective upon the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the annual meeting and entitled to vote on, and who voted for, against, or expressly abstained with respect to, this proposal, provided that a quorum exists at the annual meeting. Abstentions with respect to the ratification of this appointment will have the effect of a vote “Against” ratification of this appointment. Properly executed proxies will be voted at the annual meeting in accordance with the instructions specified on the proxy; if no such instructions are given, the persons named as agents and proxies in the enclosed form of proxy will vote such proxy “For” the ratification of the appointment of M&K CPAs.

The Audit Committee is not required to take any action as a result of the outcome of the vote on this proposal. In the event stockholders fail to ratify the appointment, the Audit Committee may reconsider this appointment. Even if the appointment is ratified, the Audit Committee, in its discretion, may direct the appointment of a different independent accounting firm at any time during the year if the committee determines that such a change would be in our and the stockholders’ best interests.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THIS PROPOSAL.

OTHER MATTERS

Proposals for 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and 2025 Proxy Materials

Proxy Statement Proposals

Pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, if a stockholder wants to submit a proposal for inclusion in our proxy materials for the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders, it must be received by our Secretary by no later than July 14, 2025, unless the date of the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders is more than 30 days before or after December 27, 2025, in which case the proposal must be received at least ten (10) days before we begin to print and mail our proxy materials and must otherwise comply with Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act. In order to avoid controversy, stockholders should submit proposals by means, including electronic means, which permit them to prove the date of delivery.

Other Proposals and Nominations

For any proposal or director nomination that is not submitted for inclusion in next year’s proxy statement pursuant to the process set forth above, but is instead sought to be presented directly at the 2024 annual meeting of stockholders, stockholders are advised to review our Amended and Restated Bylaws as they contain requirements with respect to advance notice of stockholder proposals and director nominations. To be timely, the notice must be received at our principal executive offices not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the prior year’s annual meeting of stockholders. Accordingly, any such stockholder proposal or director nomination must be received between August 29, 2025 and the close of business on September 28, 2025, for the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders. In the event that the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders is convened more than 45 days prior to or delayed by more than 45 days after the anniversary of the 2024 annual meeting, notice by the stockholder, to be timely, must be received no earlier than the 120^th day prior to the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders and no later than the later of (i) the 90^th day prior to the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders and (ii) the tenth day following the day on which we publicly announce the date of the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders. All proposals should be sent to our principal executive offices at 3000 El Camino Rd., Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, California 94306, Attention: Corporate Secretary. These advance notice provisions are in addition to, and separate from, the requirements that a stockholder must meet in order to have a proposal included in the proxy statement under the rules of the SEC.

A proxy granted by a stockholder will give discretionary authority to the proxies to vote on any matters introduced pursuant to the above advance notice bylaw provisions, subject to applicable rules of the SEC.

Copies of our Amended and Restated Bylaws are filed as, or incorporated by reference as, an exhibit to our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, which is available at www.sec.gov available by request to the Secretary at 3000 El Camino Rd., Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, California 94306.

In addition to satisfying the deadlines in the advance notice provisions of our Amended and Restated Bylaws, a stockholder who intends to solicit proxies pursuant to Rule 14a-19 in support of nominees submitted under these advance notice provisions for the 2025 annual meeting must notify our Secretary in writing not later than October 28, 2025 comply with the other requirements of Rule 14a-19(b).

All submissions to, or requests from, the Secretary of the Company should be made to: 180 Life Sciences Corp., 3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, CA, 94306.

The chairman of the annual meeting of stockholders has the sole authority to determine whether any nomination or other proposal has been properly brought before the meeting in accordance with our Amended and Restated Bylaws. If we receive a proposal other than pursuant to Rule 14a-8 or a nomination for the 2025 annual meeting, and such nomination or other proposal is not delivered within the time frame specified in our Amended and Restated Bylaws, then the person(s) appointed by the Board and named in the proxies for the 2025 annual meeting may exercise discretionary voting power if a vote is taken with respect to that nomination or other proposal.

Annual Report

Copies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K (as amended) (including our audited financial statements) filed with the SEC may be obtained without charge by writing to 180 Life Sciences Corp., 3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, CA, 94306, attention: Secretary. Exhibits to the Form 10-K will be mailed upon similar request and payment of specified fees to cover the costs of copying and mailing such materials.

Our audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 and certain other related financial and business information are contained in our 2023 Annual Report to stockholders, which is being made available to our stockholders along with this proxy statement, but which is not deemed a part of the proxy soliciting material.

Additional Filings

The Company’s Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K and all amendments to those reports are available without charge through the Company’s website on the Internet, www.180lifesciences.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. Information on our website does not constitute part of this proxy statement.

The Company will provide, without charge, to each person to whom a proxy statement is delivered, upon written or oral request of such person and by first class mail or other equally prompt means within one business day of receipt of such request, a copy of any of the filings described above. Individuals may request a copy of such information by sending a request to the Company, Attn: Corporate Secretary, 3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, California 94306.

Other Matters to be Presented at the Annual Meeting

As of the date of this proxy statement, our management has no knowledge of any business to be presented for consideration at the annual meeting other than that described above. If any other business should properly come before the annual meeting or any adjournment thereof, it is intended that the shares represented by properly executed proxies will be voted with respect thereto in accordance with the judgment of the persons named as agents and proxies in the enclosed form of proxy.

The Board of Directors does not intend to bring any other matters before the annual meeting of stockholders and has not been informed that any other matters are to be presented by others.

Interest of Certain Persons in or Opposition to Matters to Be Acted Upon:

Company Contact Information

The Board has established a process for stockholders to send communications to our Board or any individual director. Stockholders may send written communications to the Board or any director to 180 Life Sciences Corp.:

180 Life Sciences Corp.

Attn: Investor Relations

3000 El Camino Real, Bldg. 4, Suite 200, Palo Alto, California 94306

Appendix A

THIRD AMENDMENT TO
180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.
2022 OMNIBUS INCENTIVE PLAN

This Third Amendment (“Third Amendment”) to the 180 Life Sciences Corp. 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as amended (the “2022 OIP”), is made and adopted by the Board of Directors of 180 Life Sciences Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), on October 29, 2024, effective as of the date of the Annual Meeting that occurs in 2024, provided that it is approved by the Company’s stockholders on that date (the “Third Amendment Date”). Capitalized terms used in this Third Amendment and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the 2022 OIP.

RECITALS

AMENDMENT

The 2022 OIP is hereby amended as follows, effective as of the date of the Annual Meeting that occurs in 2023, provided that it is approved by the Company’s stockholders on that date.

Appendix B

THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED 

180 LIFE SCIENCES CORP.

2022 OMNIBUS INCENTIVE PLAN

Originally Adopted by the Board of Directors on April 26, 2022 and the Stockholders on June 14, 2022

Amended and Restated by the Stockholders on July 6, 2023, February 16, 2024 and [    ], 2024

PURPOSES

This Third Amended and Restated 180 Life Sciences Corp. 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as may be amended from time to time (the “Plan”), is intended to promote the interests of 180 Life Sciences Corp. (the “Company”) and its Subsidiaries (as defined below) and its stockholders by (i) attracting and retaining directors, executive officers, employees and consultants of outstanding ability; (ii) motivating such individuals by means of performance-related incentives to achieve the longer-range performance goals of the Company and its Subsidiaries; and (iii) enabling such individuals to participate in the long-term growth and financial success of the Company.

Article I
Definitions

Whenever the following terms are used in this Plan, they shall have the meanings specified below unless the context clearly indicates to the contrary.

Section 1.1 “Administrator” means the Board or the Compensation Committee, as determined by the Board from time to time. In exercising its discretion hereunder, the Board shall endeavor to cause the Administrator to satisfy any requirements applicable to qualify for an exemption available under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any other regulatory or administrative requirements that may be applicable with respect to Awards granted hereunder.

Section 1.2 “Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with, such Person where “control” (including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by,” and “under common control with”) means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of securities, by contract, or otherwise.

Section 1.3 “Alternative Award” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.1.

Section 1.4 “Alternative Performance Awards” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.2.

Section 1.5 “Award” means any Option, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Unit, Performance Award, SAR, Dividend Equivalent or other Stock-Based Award granted to a Participant pursuant to the Plan, including an Award combining two or more types of Awards into a single grant.

Section 1.6 “Award Agreement” means any written agreement, contract or other instrument or document evidencing an Award, including through an electronic medium. The Administrator may provide for the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper Award Agreements, and the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper means for the Participant’s acceptance of, or actions under, an Award Agreement unless otherwise expressly specified herein.

Section 1.7 “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

Section 1.8 [Reserved]

Section 1.9 “Cause” means, unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, any of the following: (A) the Participant’s commission of a crime involving fraud, theft, false statements or other similar acts or commission of any crime that is a felony (or comparable classification in a jurisdiction that does not use these terms); (b) the Participant’s engaging in any conduct that constitutes an employment disqualification under applicable law with respect to a material portion of the Participant’s work duties; (c) the Participant’s willful or grossly negligent failure to perform his or her material employment-related duties for the Company Group, or willful misconduct in the performance of such duties; (d) the Participant’s material violation of any Company or Subsidiary policy as in effect from time to time; (e) the Participant’s engaging in any act or making any public statement that materially impairs, impugns, denigrates, disparages or negatively reflects upon the name, reputation or business interests of the Company or its Subsidiaries; or (f) the Participant’s material breach of any Award Agreement, employment agreement, or noncompetition, nondisclosure or nonsolicitation agreement to which the Participant is a party or by which the Participant is bound; provided that in the case of any Participant who, as of the date of determination, is a party to an effective services, severance, consulting or employment agreement with the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company that employs such individual, “Cause” has the meaning, if any, specified in such agreement. A termination for Cause shall be deemed to include a determination by the Administrator following a Participant’s termination of employment that circumstances existing prior to such termination would have entitled the Company or one of its Subsidiaries to have terminated such Participant’s employment for Cause. All rights a Participant has or may have under the Plan shall be suspended automatically during the pendency of any investigation by the Administrator or its designee, or during any negotiations between the Administrator or its designee and the Participant, regarding any actual or alleged act or omission by the Participant of the type described in the applicable definition of Cause.

Section 1.10 “Change in Control” means the first to occur of any of the following events after the Effective Date:

(a) any Person becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 30% or more of either (x) the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “Outstanding Company Common Stock”) or (y) the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “Outstanding Company Voting Securities”);

(b) the individuals who constitute the Board as of the Effective Date (the “Incumbent Board”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided, however, that any individual becoming a Director subsequent to the Effective Date whose election, or nomination for election, by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual was a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board; or

(c) the consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange or consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each, a “Business Combination”), in each case, unless, following such Business Combination, (i) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more Subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the case may be, (ii) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 30% or more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such entity entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities), except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (iii) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination;

in each case, provided that, as to Awards subject to Section 409A of the Code, the payment or settlement of which will occur by reason of the Change in Control, such event also constitutes a “change in control” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code. In addition, notwithstanding the foregoing, a “Change in Control” shall not be deemed to occur if the Company files for bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization under the United States Bankruptcy Code or as a result of any restructuring that occurs as a result of any such proceeding.

Section 1.11 “Change in Control Price” means the price per share of Company Common Stock paid in conjunction with any transaction resulting in a Change in Control. If any part of the offered price is payable other than in cash, the value of the non-cash portion of the Change in Control Price shall be determined in good faith by the Administrator as constituted immediately prior to the Change in Control.

Section 1.12 “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

Section 1.13 “Company Common Stock” means the common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company and such other stock or securities into which such common stock is hereafter converted or for which such common stock is exchanged.

Section 1.14 “Company Group” means the Company and its direct or indirect Subsidiaries.

Section 1.15 “Compensation Year” means the period from one annual meeting of stockholders to the next following annual meeting of stockholders.

Section 1.16 “Competitive Activity” means a Participant’s material breach of restrictive covenants relating to noncompetition, nonsolicitation (of customers or employees) or preservation of confidential information or other covenants having the same or similar scope, included in an Award Agreement or other agreement to which the Participant and the Company or any of its Affiliates is a party.

Section 1.17 “Corporate Event” means, as determined by the Administrator, any transaction or event described in Section 3.3(a) or any unusual or infrequently occurring transaction or event affecting the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, or the financial statements of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or changes in applicable laws, regulations or accounting principles (including, without limitation, a recapitalization of the Company).

Section 1.18 “Director” means a member of the Board or a member of the board of directors of any Subsidiary.

Section 1.19 “Disability” means (x) for Awards that are not subject to Section 409A of the Code, “disability” as such term is defined in the long-term disability insurance plan or program of the Company or any Subsidiary then covering the Participant, and (y) for Awards that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, “disability” has the meaning set forth in Section 409A(a)(2)(c) of the Code; provided that with respect to Awards that are not subject to Section 409A, in the case of any Participant who, as of the date of determination, is a party to an effective services, severance, consulting or employment agreement with the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company that employs such individual, “Disability” has the meaning, if any, specified in such agreement.

Section 1.20 “Dividend Equivalent” means the right to receive payments, in cash or in Shares, based on dividends paid with respect to Shares.

Section 1.21 “Eligible Representative” for a Participant means such Participant’s personal representative or such other person as is empowered under the deceased Participant’s will or the then applicable laws of descent and distribution to represent the Participant hereunder.

Section 1.22 “Employee” means any individual classified as an employee by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries.

Section 1.23 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Section 1.24 “Executive Officer” means each person who is an officer or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and who is subject to the reporting requirements under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act.

Section 1.25 “Fair Market Value” means, unless otherwise determined by the Administrator from time to time, the closing transaction price of a Share as reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC on the date as of which such value is being determined or, if Shares are not listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC, the closing transaction price of a Share on the principal national stock exchange on which Shares are traded on the date as of which such value is being determined or, if there shall be no reported transactions for such date, on the next preceding date for which transactions were reported; provided, however, that if Shares are not listed on a national stock exchange or if Fair Market Value for any date cannot be so determined, Fair Market Value shall be determined by the Administrator by whatever means or method as the Administrator, in the good faith exercise of its discretion, shall at such time deem appropriate and in compliance with Section 409A of the Code.

Section 1.26 “Good Reason” means, unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, a material reduction in the Participant’s base salary or a material reduction in the Participant’s target annual cash incentive compensation opportunity, in each case, other than (a) any isolated or inadvertent failure by the Company or the applicable Subsidiary that is not in bad faith and is cured within thirty (30) business days after the Participant gives the Company or the applicable Subsidiary notice of such event or (b) a reduction of 10% or less which is applicable to all employees in the same salary grade as the Participant; provided that in the case of any Participant who, as of the date of determination, is a party to an effective services, severance, consulting or employment agreement with the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company that employs such individual, “Good Reason” has the meaning, if any, specified in such agreement.

Section 1.27 “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option which qualifies under Section 422 of the Code and is expressly designated as an Incentive Stock Option in the Award Agreement.

Section 1.28 “Non-Qualified Stock Option” means an Option that is not an Incentive Stock Option.

Section 1.29 “Option” means an option to purchase Company Common Stock granted under the Plan. The term “Option” includes both an Incentive Stock Option and a Non-Qualified Stock Option.

Section 1.30 “Participant” means any Service Provider who has been granted an Award pursuant to the Plan.

Section 1.31 “Performance Award” means a Performance Shares or a Performance Unit.

Section 1.32 “Performance Cycle” means the period of time selected by the Administrator during which performance is measured for the purpose of determining the extent to which a Performance Award has been earned or vested.

Section 1.33 “Performance Goals” means the objectives established by the Administrator for a Performance Cycle pursuant to Section 6.5 for the purpose of determining the extent to which a Performance Award has been earned or vested.

Section 1.34 “Performance Share” means an Award granted pursuant to Article VI of the Plan of a Share or a contractual right to receive a Share (or the cash equivalent thereof) upon the achievement, in whole or in part, of the applicable Performance Goals.

Section 1.35 “Performance Unit” means a U.S. Dollar-denominated unit (or a unit denominated in the Participant’s local currency) granted pursuant to Article VI of the Plan, payable in cash or in Shares upon the achievement, in whole or in part, of the applicable Performance Goals.

Section 1.36 “Person” means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture, governmental authority or any other entity of whatever nature.

Section 1.37 “Replacement Awards” means Shares or Awards issued in assumption of, or in substitution for, any outstanding awards of any entity acquired in any form or combination by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

Section 1.38 “Restricted Stock” means an Award granted pursuant to Section 5.1.

Section 1.39 “Restricted Stock Unit” means an Award granted pursuant to Section 5.2.

Section 1.40 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Section 1.41 “Service Provider” means an Employee, Director or consultant of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

Section 1.42 “Share” means a share of Company Common Stock.

Section 1.43 “Stock Appreciation Right” or “SAR” means the right to receive a payment from the Company in cash and/or Shares equal to the excess, if any, of the Fair Market Value of one Share on the exercise date over a specified price (the “Base Price”) fixed by the Administrator on the grant date (which specified price shall not be less than the Fair Market Value of one Share on the grant date).

Section 1.44 “Subsidiary” means any entity that is directly or indirectly controlled by the Company or any entity in which the Company directly or indirectly has at least a 50% equity interest.

Section 1.45 “Termination of employment,” “termination of service” and any similar term or terms means, with respect to a Director who is not an Employee of the Company or any Subsidiary, the date upon which such Director ceases to be a member of the Board or of the board of directors of any Subsidiary, with respect to a consultant of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the date upon which such consultant ceases to provide services to the Company and its Subsidiaries and, with respect to an Employee, the date he or she ceases to be an Employee; provided that with respect to any Award subject to Section 409A of the Code, such terms shall mean “separation from service,” as defined in Section 409A of the Code and the rules, regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, a “termination of employment” or “termination of service” shall not occur if an Employee, consultant or Director, immediately upon ceasing to provide services in such capacity, commences to or continues to provide services to the Company or any of its Affiliates in another of such capacities.

Article II
ADMINISTRATION

Section 2.1 Powers of the Administrator. The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator. The Administrator shall have the sole and complete authority and discretion to: (i) determine the type or types of Awards to be granted to each Participant; (ii) select the Service Providers to whom Awards may from time to time be granted; (iii) determine all matters and questions related to the termination of service of a Service Provider with respect to any Award granted to him or her; (iv) determine the number of Awards to be granted and the number of Shares to which an Award will relate; (v) approve forms of agreement for use under the Plan, which need not be identical for each Service Provider; (vi) determine the terms and conditions of any Awards (including, without limitation, the exercise price, the time or times when Awards may be exercised (which may be based on performance criteria), any vesting acceleration or waiver of forfeiture restrictions and any restriction or limitation regarding any Award or the Company Common Stock relating thereto) based in each case on such factors as the Administrator shall determine; (vii) prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Plan, including rules and regulations relating to Subplans (as defined in Section 2.4) established for the purpose of satisfying applicable foreign laws; (viii) determine whether, to what extent, and pursuant to what circumstances an Award may be settled in, or the exercise or purchase price of an Award may be paid in, cash, Company Common Stock, other Awards, or other property, or an Award may be canceled, forfeited or surrendered; (ix) suspend or accelerate the vesting of any Award granted under the Plan or waive the forfeiture restrictions or any other restriction or limitation regarding any Awards or the Company Common Stock relating thereto; (x) construe and interpret the terms of the Plan and Awards granted pursuant to the Plan; and (xi) make all other decisions and determinations that may be required pursuant to the Plan or as the Administrator deems necessary or advisable to administer the Plan. Any determination made by the Administrator under the Plan, including, without limitation, under Section 3.3, shall be final, binding and conclusive on all Participants and other persons having or claiming any right or interest under the Plan. The Administrator’s determinations under the Plan need not be uniform and may be made by the Administrator selectively among persons who receive, or are eligible to receive, Awards under the Plan, whether or not such persons are similarly situated.

Section 2.2 Delegation by the Administrator. The Administrator may delegate, subject to such terms or conditions or guidelines as it shall determine, to any officer or group of officers, or Director or group of Directors of the Company or its Subsidiaries any portion of its authority and powers under the Plan with respect to Participants who are not Executive Officers or non-employee directors of the Board; provided that any delegation to one or more officers of the Company shall be subject to and comply with applicable law.

Section 2.3 Expenses, Professional Assistance, No Liability. All expenses and liabilities incurred by the Administrator in connection with the administration of the Plan shall be borne by the Company. The Administrator may elect to engage the services of attorneys, consultants, accountants or other persons. The Administrator, the Company and its officers and Directors shall be entitled to rely upon the advice, opinions or valuations of any such persons. The Administrator (and its members) shall not be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made with respect to the Plan or the Awards, and the Administrator (and its members) shall be fully protected by the Company with respect to any such action, determination or interpretation.

Section 2.4 Participants Based Outside the United States. To conform with the provisions of local laws and regulations, or with local compensation practices and policies, in foreign countries in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries operate, but subject to the limitations set forth herein regarding the maximum number of shares issuable hereunder and the maximum award to any single Participant, the Administrator may (i) modify the terms and conditions of Awards granted to Employees employed and consultants who provide services outside the United States (“Non-U.S. Awards”), (ii) establish subplans with such modifications as may be necessary or advisable under the circumstances (“Subplans”) and (iii) take any action which it deems advisable to obtain, comply with or otherwise reflect any necessary governmental regulatory procedures, exemptions or approvals with respect to the Plan. The Administrator’s decision to grant Non-U.S. Awards or to establish Subplans is entirely voluntary, and at the complete discretion of the Administrator. The Administrator may amend, modify or terminate any Subplans at any time, and such amendment, modification or termination may be made without prior notice to the Participants. The Company, Affiliates and members of the Administrator shall not incur any liability of any kind to any Participant as a result of any change, amendment or termination of any Subplan at any time. The benefits and rights provided under any Subplan or by any Non-U.S. Award (x) are wholly discretionary and, although provided by either the Company or an Affiliate of the Company, do not constitute regular or periodic payments and (y) except as otherwise required under applicable laws, are not to be considered part of the Participant’s salary or compensation under the Participant’s employment with the Participant’s local employer for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, redundancy or other end of service payments, vacation, bonuses, long-term service awards, indemnification, pension or retirement benefits, or any other payments, benefits or rights of any kind. If a Subplan is terminated, the Administrator may direct the payment of Non-U.S. Awards (or direct the deferral of payments whose amount shall be determined) prior to the dates on which payments would otherwise have been made, and determine if such payments may be made in a lump sum or in installments.

Article III
SHARES SUBJECT TO PLAN

Section 3.1 Shares Subject to Plan.

(a) Subject to Section 3.3 and Section 3.6, the aggregate number of Shares which may be issued under this Plan shall be 1,000,000 (the “Share Limit”). All of the Shares reserved under the Plan may be issued in the form of Incentive Stock Options under the Plan, subject to the limitation set forth in Section 3.6. The Shares issued under the Plan may be authorized but unissued, or reacquired Company Common Stock. No provision of this Plan shall be construed to require the Company to maintain the Shares in certificated form. Unless the Administrator shall determine otherwise, (x) Awards may not consist of fractional shares and shall be rounded down to the nearest whole Share, and (y) fractional Shares shall not be issued under the Plan (and shall instead also be rounded as aforesaid).

(b) If any Award or portion thereof under this Plan is for any reason forfeited, canceled, cash-settled, expired or otherwise terminated without the issuance of Shares, the Shares subject to such forfeited, canceled, cash-settled, expired or otherwise terminated Award, or portion thereof, shall again be available for grant under the Plan. If Shares are tendered or withheld from issuance with respect to an Award by the Company in satisfaction of any Exercise Price, Base Price or tax withholding or similar obligations, such tendered or withheld Shares shall again be available for grant under the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and except to the extent required by applicable law, Replacement Awards shall not be counted against Shares available for grant pursuant to this Plan.

Section 3.2 Limitation on Non-Employee Director Awards. The maximum number of Shares subject to Awards granted during a single Compensation Year to any non-employee Director, taken together with any cash fees paid during the Compensation Year to the non-employee Director, in respect of the Director’s service as a member of the Board during such year (including service as a member or chair of any committees of the Board), shall not exceed (i) $500,000 in total value; or (ii) in the event such non-employee Director is first appointed or elected to the Board during such Compensation Year, $750,000 in total value, or (iii) in the event such non-employee Director is serving as non-employee Chairperson (or co-Chairperson) of the Board, $750,000 in total value, in each case calculating the value of any equity awards based on the grant date fair value of such equity awards for financial reporting purposes.

Section 3.3 Changes in Company Common Stock; Disposition of Assets and Corporate Events.

(a) If and to the extent necessary or appropriate to reflect any stock dividend, extraordinary dividend, stock split or share combination or any recapitalization, merger, consolidation, exchange of shares, spin-off, liquidation or dissolution of the Company or other similar transaction affecting the Company Common Stock (each, a “Corporate Event”), the Administrator shall adjust the number of shares of Company Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan, the ISO Limit, and the number, class and Exercise Price (if applicable) or Base Price (if applicable) of any outstanding Award, and/or make such substitution, revision or other provisions or take such other actions with respect to any outstanding Award or the holder or holders thereof, in each case as it determines to be equitable. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing sentence, in the event of any such Corporate Event, the Administrator shall have the power to make such changes as it deems appropriate in (i) the number and type of shares or other securities covered by outstanding Awards, (ii) the prices specified therein (if applicable), (iii) the securities, cash or other property to be received upon the exercise, settlement or conversion of such outstanding Awards or otherwise to be received in connection with such outstanding Awards and (iv) any applicable Performance Goals. After any adjustment made by the Administrator pursuant to this Section 3.3, the number of shares subject to each outstanding Award shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number of whole or fractional shares (as determined by the Administrator), and (if applicable) the Exercise Price or Base Price thereof shall be rounded up to the nearest cent.

(b) Any adjustment of an Award pursuant to this Section 3.3 shall be effected in compliance with Section 424 and 409A of the Code to the extent applicable.

Section 3.4 Award Agreement Provisions. The Administrator may include such provisions and limitations in any Award Agreement as it shall determine, subject to the terms of the Plan.

Section 3.5 Prohibition Against Repricing. Except to the extent (i) approved in advance by the stockholders of the Company or (ii) pursuant to Section 3.3 as a result of any Corporate Event or pursuant to Article XI in connection with a Change in Control, the Administrator shall not have the power or authority to reduce, whether through amendment or otherwise, the Exercise Price of any outstanding Option or Base Price or any outstanding SAR or to grant any new Award, or make any cash payment, in substitution for or upon the cancellation of Options or SARs previously granted and as to which the Exercise Price or Base Price thereof is in excess of the then-current Fair Market Value of Share.

Section 3.6 Maximum Number of Incentive Stock Options. Notwithstanding the Share Limit, and subject to adjustment in accordance with Section 3.3 hereof, the maximum number of Shares that may be granted in connection with, and issued pursuant to the exercise of, Incentive Stock Options granted under this Plan is 1,000,000 shares (the “ISO Limit”).

Article IV
OPTIONS AND SARS

Section 4.1 Grant of Options and SARs. The Administrator is authorized to make Awards of Options and/or SARs to any Service Provider in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as determined by the Administrator, consistent with the Plan. SARs may be granted in tandem with Options or may be granted on a freestanding basis, not related to any Option. Excluding Replacement Awards, the per Share purchase price of the Shares subject to each Option (the “Exercise Price”) and the Base Price of each SAR shall be not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date such Option or SAR is granted. Each Option and each SAR shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement.

Section 4.2 Exercisability and Vesting; Exercise. Each Option and SAR shall vest and become exercisable according to the terms and conditions as determined by the Administrator. Except as otherwise determined by the Administrator, SARs granted in tandem with an Option shall become vested and exercisable on the same date or dates as the Options with which such SARs are associated vest and become exercisable. SARs that are granted in tandem with an Option may only be exercised upon the surrender of the right to exercise such Option for an equivalent number of Shares, and may be exercised only with respect to the Shares for which the related Option is then exercisable. The Administrator shall specify the manner of and any terms and conditions of exercise of an exercisable Option or SAR, including but not limited to net-settlement, delivery of previously owned stock and broker-assisted sales.

Section 4.3 Settlement of SARs. Upon exercise of a SAR, the Participant shall be entitled to receive payment in Shares, or such other form as determined by the Administrator, having an aggregate value equal to the Fair Market Value of one Share on the exercise date over (ii) the Base Price of such SAR; provided, however, that on the grant date, the Administrator may establish a maximum amount per Share that may be payable upon exercise of a SAR.

Section 4.4 Expiration of Options and SARs. No Option or SAR may be exercised after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date the Option or SAR was granted, unless a longer or shorter period is set forth in the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that on the last business day of the term of the Option or SAR (x) the exercise of the Option or SAR is prohibited by applicable law or (y) Shares may not be purchased or sold by certain employees or directors of the Company due to the “black-out period” of a Company policy or a “lock-up” agreement undertaken in connection with an issuance of securities by the Company, the term of the Option or SAR shall be extended but not beyond a period of thirty (30) days following the end of the legal prohibition, black-out period or lock-up agreement (to the extent permissible under Section 409A of the Code) and provided further that no extension will be made if the applicable Exercise Price or Base Price at the date the initial term would otherwise expire is below the Fair Market Value on such date.

Article V
Restricted Stock Awards AND RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARDS

Section 5.1 Restricted Stock. The Administrator is authorized to make Awards of Restricted Stock to any Service Provider selected by the Administrator in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as determined by the Administrator. All Awards of Restricted Stock shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement. Restricted Stock shall be subject to such restrictions on transferability and other restrictions as the Administrator may impose. These restrictions may lapse separately or in combination at such times, pursuant to such circumstances, in such installments, or otherwise, as the Administrator determines at the time of the grant of the Award or thereafter. The issuance of Restricted Stock granted pursuant to the Plan may be evidenced in such manner as the Administrator shall determine.

Section 5.2 Restricted Stock Units. The Administrator is authorized to make Awards of Restricted Stock Units to any Service Provider selected by the Administrator in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as determined by the Administrator. The Administrator may specify any conditions to vesting as it deems appropriate. For the avoidance of doubt, the Administrator may grant Restricted Stock Units that are fully vested and nonforfeitable when granted. At the time of grant, the Administrator shall specify the settlement date applicable to each grant of Restricted Stock Units. Unless otherwise provided in an Award Agreement, on the settlement date, the Company shall, subject to the terms of this Plan, transfer to the Participant one Share (or a cash amount equal to the then Fair Market Value of a Share) for each Restricted Stock Unit scheduled to be paid out on such date and not previously forfeited. A Participant shall not be, nor have any of the rights or privileges of, a stockholder in respect of Restricted Stock Units awarded pursuant to the Plan unless and until the Shares attributable to such Restricted Stock Units have been issued to such Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, the Restricted Stock Units awarded pursuant to the Plan will receive Dividend Equivalents in accordance with Article VIII.

Article VI
Performance AWARDS

Section 6.1 Grant of Performance Awards. The Administrator is authorized to make Performance Awards to any Participant selected by the Administrator in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as determined by the Administrator. All Performance Shares and Performance Units shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement.

Section 6.2 Issuance and Restrictions. The Administrator shall have the authority to determine the Participants who shall receive Performance Awards; the number of Performance Shares, the number and value of Performance Units; the cash entitlement of any Participant with respect to any Performance Cycle; and the Performance Goals applicable in respect of such Performance Awards for each Performance Cycle. The Administrator shall determine the duration of each Performance Cycle (the duration of Performance Cycles may differ from one another), and there may be more than one Performance Cycle in existence at any one time. An Award Agreement evidencing the grant of Performance Shares or Performance Units shall specify the number of Performance Shares and the number and value of Performance Units awarded to the Participant, the Performance Goals applicable thereto, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator shall determine. Unless the Administrator shall determine otherwise, no Company Common Stock will be issued at the time an Award of Performance Shares is made. The Company shall not be required to set aside a fund for the payment of Performance Awards.

Section 6.3 Earned Performance Awards. Performance Awards shall become earned, in whole or in part, based upon the attainment of specified Performance Goals or the occurrence of any event or events, as the Administrator shall determine or as set forth in an Award Agreement. In addition to the achievement of the specified Performance Goals, the Administrator may condition payment of Performance Awards on such other conditions as the Administrator shall determine. The Administrator may also provide in an Award Agreement for the completion of a minimum period of service (in addition to the achievement of any applicable Performance Goals) as a condition to the vesting of any Performance Award.

Section 6.4 Rights as a Stockholder. A Participant shall not have any rights as a stockholder in respect of Performance Awards (including, without limitation, the right to vote on any matter submitted to the Company’s stockholders) until such time as the Shares attributable to such Performance Awards have been issued to such Participant or his or her beneficiary. Performance Shares as to which Shares are issued prior to the end of the Performance Cycle shall, during such period, be subject to such restrictions on transferability and other restrictions as the Administrator may impose. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, the Performance Awards awarded pursuant to the Plan will receive Dividend Equivalents settled in Shares in accordance with Article VIII.

Section 6.5 Performance Goals and Related Provisions. The Administrator shall establish the Performance Goals that must be satisfied in order for a Participant to receive an Award for a Performance Cycle or for a Performance Award to be earned or vested. The Administrator may provide for a threshold level of performance below which no amount of compensation will be paid and a maximum level of performance above which no additional amount of compensation will be paid under the Plan, and it may provide for the payment of differing amounts of compensation for different levels of performance. Performance Goals may be established on a Company-wide basis, with respect to one or more business units, divisions, Subsidiaries or products or based on individual performance measures, and may be expressed in absolute terms or relative to other metrics including internal targets or budgets, past performance of the Company, the performance of one or more similarly situated companies, performance of an index, outstanding equity or other external measures. In the case of earning-based measures, performance goals may include comparisons relating to capital (including but limited to, the cost of capital), stockholders’ equity, shares outstanding, assets or net assets, or any combination thereof. Performance Goals may also be subject to such other terms and conditions as the Administrator may determine appropriate. The Administrator may also adjust the Performance Goals for any Performance Cycle as it deems equitable in recognition of unusual or non-recurring events affecting the Company; changes in applicable tax laws or accounting principles; other extraordinary events such as restructurings; discontinued operations; asset write-downs; significant litigation or claims, judgments or settlements; acquisitions or divestitures; reorganizations or changes in the corporate structure or capital structure of the Company; foreign exchange gains and losses; change in the fiscal year of the Company; business interruption events; unbudgeted capital expenditures; unrealized investment gains and losses; impairments and/or such other factors as the Administrator may determine.

Section 6.6 Determination of Attainment of Performance Goals. As soon as practicable following the end of a Performance Cycle and prior to any payment or vesting in respect of such Performance Cycle, the Administrator shall determine the number of Performance Shares or other Performance Awards and the number and value of Performance Units or the amount of any cash entitlement, in each case that has been earned or vested.

Section 6.7 Payment of Awards. Payment or delivery of Company Common Stock with respect to earned Performance Shares, earned Performance Units and earned cash entitlements shall be made to the Participant or, if the Participant has died, to the Participant’s Eligible Representative, as soon as practicable after the expiration of the Performance Cycle and the Administrator’s determination under Section 6.6 above and (unless an applicable Award Agreement shall set forth one or more other dates) in any event no later than the earlier of (i) ninety (90) days after the end of the fiscal year in which the Performance Cycle has ended and (ii) ninety (90) days after the expiration of the Performance Cycle. The Administrator shall determine and set forth in the applicable Award Agreement whether earned Performance Shares and the value of earned Performance Units are to be distributed in the form of cash, Shares or in a combination thereof, with the value or number of Shares payable to be determined based on the Fair Market Value of the Company Common Stock on the date of the Administrator’s determination under Section 6.6 above or such other date specified in the Award Agreement. The Administrator may, in an Award Agreement with respect to the Award or delivery of Shares, condition the vesting of such Shares on the performance of additional service.

Section 6.8 Newly Eligible Participants. Notwithstanding anything in this Article VI to the contrary, the Administrator shall be entitled to make such rules, determinations and adjustments as it deems appropriate with respect to any Participant who becomes eligible to receive Performance Shares, Performance Units or other Performance Awards after the commencement of a Performance Cycle.

Article VII
OTHER Stock-Based Awards

Section 7.1 Grant of Stock-Based Awards. The Administrator is authorized to make Awards of other types of equity-based or equity-related awards and fully vested stock awards, including grants of fully vested Shares (collectively, “Stock-Based Awards”) not otherwise described by the terms of the Plan in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as the Administrator shall determine, including without limitation the payment of cash bonuses or other incentives in the form of Stock-Based Awards. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, all Stock-Based Awards shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement. Such Stock-Based Awards may be granted as an inducement to enter the employ of the Company, any Affiliate or any Subsidiary or in satisfaction of any obligation of the Company, any Affiliate or any Subsidiary to an officer or other key employee, whether pursuant to this Plan or otherwise, that would otherwise have been payable in cash or in respect of any other obligation of the Company. Such Stock-Based Awards may entail the transfer of actual Shares, or payment in cash or otherwise of amounts based on the value of Shares and may include, without limitation, Awards designed to comply with or take advantage of the applicable local laws of jurisdictions other than the United States.

Article VIII
Dividend Equivalents

Section 8.1 Generally. Dividend Equivalents may be granted to Participants at such time or times as shall be determined by the Administrator. Dividend Equivalents may be granted in tandem with other Awards, in addition to other Awards, or freestanding and unrelated to other Awards. Notwithstanding the terms of this Section 8.1, no Dividend Equivalents shall be granted with respect to Options or SARs. The grant date of any Dividend Equivalents will be the date on which the Dividend Equivalent is awarded by the Administrator, or such other date permitted by applicable laws as the Administrator shall determine. Dividend Equivalents may, at the discretion of the Administrator, be fully vested and nonforfeitable when granted or subject to such vesting conditions as determined by the Administrator; provided, that, unless the Administrator shall determine otherwise in an Award Agreement, Dividend Equivalents with respect to Awards shall not be fully vested until the Awards have been earned and shall be forfeited if the related Award is forfeited. Dividend Equivalents shall be evidenced in writing, whether as part of the Award Agreement governing the terms of the Award, if any, to which such Dividend Equivalent relates, or pursuant to a separate Award Agreement with respect to freestanding Dividend Equivalents, in each case, containing such provisions not inconsistent with the Plan as the Administrator shall determine, including customary representations, warranties and covenants with respect to securities law matters.

Article IX
Termination and Forfeiture

Section 9.1 Termination for Cause; Post-Service Competitive Activity. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service terminates for Cause or a Participant engages in Competitive Activity following the Participant’s termination of employment or service, all Options and SARs, whether vested or unvested, and all other Awards that are unvested or unexercisable or otherwise unpaid (or were unvested or unexercisable or unpaid at the time of occurrence of Cause or engagement in Competitive Activity) shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of the termination or engagement in Competitive Activity. If the Participant engages in Competitive Activity following the termination, any portion of the Participant’s Awards that became vested after termination, and any Shares or cash issued upon exercise or settlement of such Awards, shall be immediately forfeited, canceled, and disgorged or paid to the Company together with all gains earned or accrued due to the sale of Shares issued upon exercise or settlement of such Awards.

Section 9.2 Termination due to Death. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service terminates by reason of death:

(a) All Options and SARs (whether or not then otherwise exercisable) shall become exercisable in full and the Participant’s Eligible Representative may exercise all such Options and SARs at any time prior to the earlier of (i) the one-year anniversary of the Participant’s death or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Options or SARs; provided that any in-the-money Options and SARs that are still outstanding on the last day of the time period specified in this Section 9.2(a) shall automatically be exercised on such date; and

(b) All other Awards shall immediately vest in full upon the Participant’s death, and Restricted Stock Units and Performance Awards that have not been settled or converted into Shares prior to the Participant’s death shall immediately be settled in Shares. Any Performance Awards that vest as a result of this Section 9.2(b) shall vest and be paid based on target levels of performance.

Section 9.3 Termination due to Disability. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service terminates by reason of Disability, the Participant shall be treated for purposes of the treatment of the Participant’s Awards under this Section 9.3 as though the Participant continued in the employ or service of the Company and all unvested Awards shall remain outstanding and vest, or in the case of Options and SARs, vest and become exercisable, in accordance with the terms set forth in the applicable Award Agreement. Any Options or SARs granted to such Participant that are exercisable at the date of termination by reason of Disability or that thereafter become exercisable by reason of the operation of the immediately preceding sentence may be exercised at any time prior to the earlier of (i) the fifth anniversary of the Participant’s termination for Disability or (ii) the expiration of the term of such Options or SARs.

Section 9.4 Involuntary Termination Without Cause. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service is involuntarily terminated without Cause:

(a) All Options and SARs that are unvested shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of the termination, and all Options and SARs that are vested shall remain outstanding and exercisable until the earlier of (i) 30 days after the effective date of the termination under this Section 9.4 or (ii) the expiration of the term of such Options or SARs; and

(b) All Awards of Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units that are unvested shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of the termination; and

(c) Provided that the Participant signs a general release and waiver of claims in the form provided by the Administrator and does not exercise any rights to revoke such release, the Participant shall retain a portion of any unvested Performance Awards granted earlier than one year prior to the termination under this Section 9.4 equal to, for each grant of Performance Awards, the number of Performance Shares or Performance Units specified in the Award Agreement multiplied by the quotient of (i) the number of full months elapsed between the grant date in respect of such Performance Awards and the effective date of the termination under this Section 9.4 over (ii) the total number of months in the Performance Cycle. Such retained Performance Awards will remain outstanding and vest subject to the attainment of the applicable Performance Goals in respect thereof. Any Performance Awards that do not vest pursuant to this Section 9.4(c) shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of the termination.

Section 9.5 Termination for Any Other Reason. Unless otherwise set forth in the Award Agreement, if a Participant’s employment or service terminates for any reason other as set forth in Sections 9.1 (other than post-service Competitive Activity) through 9.4:

(a) All Options and SARs that are unvested shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of the termination, and all Options and SARs that are vested shall remain outstanding and exercisable until the earlier of (i) 30 days after the effective date of the termination under this Section 9.5 or (ii) the expiration of the term of such Options or SARs; and

(b) All other Awards that are unvested or have not otherwise been earned shall be immediately forfeited and canceled, effective as of the date of termination.

Section 9.6 Post-Termination Informational Requirements. Before the settlement of any Award following termination of employment or service, the Administrator may require the Participant (or the Participant’s Eligible Representative, if applicable) to make such representations and provide such documents as the Administrator deems necessary or advisable to effect compliance with applicable law and the provisions of this Plan.

Section 9.7 Forfeiture and Recoupment of Awards. Awards granted under this Plan (and gains earned or accrued in connection with Awards) shall be subject to such generally applicable policies as to forfeiture and recoupment (including, without limitation, upon the occurrence of material financial or accounting errors, financial or other misconduct or Competitive Activity) as may be adopted by the Administrator or the Board from time to time. Any such policies may (in the discretion of the Administrator or the Board) be applied to outstanding Awards at the time of adoption of such policies, or on a prospective basis only. Participants shall also forfeit and disgorge to the Company any Awards granted or vested and any gains earned or accrued due to the exercise of Options or SARs or the sale of any Company Common Stock to the extent required by applicable law or as required by any stock exchange or quotation system on which the Company Common Stock is listed or quoted, in each case in effect on or after the Effective Date, including but not limited to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and Section 10D of the Exchange Act. The implementation of policies and procedures pursuant to this Section 9.7 and any modification of the same shall not be subject to any restrictions on amendment or modification of Awards.

Section 9.8 Clawbacks. Awards shall be subject to any generally applicable clawback policy adopted by the Administrator, the Board or the Company that is communicated to the Participants or any such policy adopted to comply with applicable law.

Article X
CHANGE IN CONTROL

Section 10.1 Alternative Award. Unless otherwise provided in an Award Agreement, and other than with respect to the Performance Award Conversion, no cancellation, acceleration or other payment shall occur in connection with a Change in Control pursuant to Section 10.3 with respect to any Award or portion thereof as a result of the Change in Control if the Administrator reasonably determines in good faith, prior to the occurrence of the Change in Control, that such Award shall be honored or assumed, or new rights substituted therefor following the Change in Control (such honored, assumed or substituted award, an “Alternative Award”), provided that any Alternative Award must (i) give the Participant who held the Award rights and entitlements substantially equivalent to or better than the rights and terms applicable under the Award immediately prior to the Change in Control, including an equal or better vesting schedule and that Alternative Awards that are stock options have identical or better methods of payment of the exercise price thereof and a post-termination exercise period extending until at least the fifth anniversary of the Participant’s termination (or, if earlier, the expiration of the term of such stock options); (ii) have terms such that if a Participant’s employment is involuntarily (i.e., by the Company or its successor other than for Cause) or constructively (i.e., by the Participant with Good Reason) terminated within the twenty-four (24) months following a Change in Control at a time when any portion of the Alternative Award is unvested, the unvested portion of such Alternative Award shall immediately vest in full and such Participant shall receive (as determined by the Board prior to the Change in Control) either (1) a cash payment equal in value to the excess (if any) of the fair market value of the stock subject to the Alternative Award at the date of exercise or settlement over the price (if any) that such Participant would be required to pay to exercise such Alternative Award or (2) publicly-traded shares or equity interests equal in value (as determined by the Administrator) to the value in clause (1).

Section 10.2 Performance Award Conversion. Unless otherwise provided in an Award Agreement, upon a Change in Control, then-outstanding Performance Awards shall be modified to remove any Performance Goals applicable thereto and to substitute, in lieu of such Performance Goals, vesting solely based on the requirement of continued service through, as nearly as is practicable, the date(s) on which the satisfaction of the Performance Goals would have been measured if the Change in Control had not occurred (or, if applicable, the later period of required service following such measurement date) (such Awards, the “Alternative Performance Awards”), with such service-vesting of the Alternative Performance Awards to accelerate upon the termination of service of the holder prior to such vesting date(s) thereof, if such termination of service satisfies the requirements of clause (ii) of Section 10.1 hereof. The number of Alternative Performance Awards shall be equal to (i) if less than 50% of the Performance Cycle has elapsed, the target number of Performance Awards, and (ii) if 50% or more of the Performance Cycle has elapsed, a number of Performance Awards based on actual performance through the date of the Change in Control if determinable, or the target, if not determinable (with the Administrator as constituted prior to the Change in Control making any determinations necessary to determine performance and the vesting date(s) thereof). The conversion of the Performance Awards into Alternative Performance Awards is referred to herein as the “Performance Award Conversion”. Following the Performance Award Conversion, the Alternative Performance Awards shall either remain outstanding as Alternative Awards consistent with this Section 10.2 or shall be treated as provided in Section 10.3.

Section 10.3 Accelerated Vesting and Payment. Except as otherwise provided in this Article X or in an Award Agreement, upon a Change in Control:

(a) each vested and unvested Option or SAR shall be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the excess, if any, of the Change in Control Price over the applicable Exercise Price or Base Price;

(b) the vesting restrictions applicable to all other unvested Awards (other than (x) freestanding Dividend Equivalents not granted in connection with another Award and (y) Performance Awards) shall lapse, all such Awards shall vest and become non-forfeitable and be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the Change in Control Price;

(c) the Alternative Performance Awards shall be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the Change in Control Price;

(d) all other Awards (other than freestanding Dividend Equivalents not granted in connection with another Award) that were vested prior to the Change in Control but that have not been settled or converted into Shares prior to the Change in Control shall be canceled in exchange for a payment equal to the Change in Control Price; and

(e) all freestanding Dividend Equivalents not granted in connection with another Award shall be cancelled without payment therefor.

To the extent any portion of the Change in Control Price is payable other than in cash and/or other than at the time of the Change in Control, Award holders under the Plan shall receive the same value in respect of their Awards (less any applicable Exercise Price, Base Price or similar feature) as is received by the Company’s stockholders in respect of their Company Common Stock (as determined by the Administrator), and the Administrator shall determine the extent to which such value shall be paid in cash, in securities or other property, or in a combination of cash and securities or other property, consistent with applicable law. To the extent any portion of the Change in Control Price is payable other than at the time of the Change in Control, the Administrator shall determine the time and form of payment to the Award holders consistent with Section 409A of the Code and other applicable laws. Upon a Change in Control the Administrator may cancel Options and SARs for no consideration if the Fair Market Value of the Shares subject to such Options or such SARs is less than or equal to the Exercise Price of such Options or the Base Price of such SARs.

Article XI
OTHER PROVISIONS

Section 11.1 Awards Not Transferable. Except as otherwise determined by the Administrator, no Award or interest or right therein or part thereof shall be liable for the debts, contracts or engagements of the Participant or his or her successors in interest or shall be subject to disposition by transfer, alienation, anticipation, pledge, encumbrance, assignment or any other means whether such disposition be voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law, by judgment, levy, attachment, garnishment or any other legal or equitable proceedings (including bankruptcy), and any attempted disposition thereof shall be null and void and of no effect; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 11.1 shall prevent transfers by will, by the applicable laws of descent and distribution or pursuant to the beneficiary designation procedures approved by the Company pursuant to Section 11.13 or, with the prior approval of the Company, estate planning transfers.

Section 11.2 Amendment, Suspension or Termination of the Plan or Award Agreements.

(a) The Plan may be wholly or partially amended or otherwise modified, suspended or terminated at any time or from time to time by the Administrator; provided, that without the approval of the stockholders of the Company, no amendment or modification to the Plan may (i) except as otherwise expressly provided in Section 3.3, increase the number of Shares subject to the Plan; (ii) modify the class of persons eligible for participation in the Plan or (iii) materially modify the Plan in any other way that would require stockholder approval under applicable law. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the Plan, neither the amendment, suspension or termination of the Plan shall, without the written consent of the holder of the Award, materially adversely alter or impair any rights or obligations under any Award theretofore granted.

(b) The Administrator at any time, and from time to time, may amend the terms of any one or more existing Award Agreements, provided, however, that the rights of a Participant under an Award Agreement shall not be materially adversely impaired without the Participant’s written consent. The Company shall provide a Participant with notice of any amendment made to a Participant’s existing Award Agreement.

(c) No Award may be granted during any period of suspension nor after termination of the Plan, and in no event may any Award be granted under this Plan after the expiration of ten (10) years from the Effective Date.

Section 11.3 Effect of Plan upon Other Award and Compensation Plans. The adoption of this Plan shall not affect any other compensation or incentive plans in effect for the Company or any of its Affiliates. Nothing in this Plan shall be construed to limit the right of the Company or any of its Affiliates (a) to establish any other forms of incentives or compensation for Service Providers or (b) to grant or assume options or restricted stock other than under this Plan in connection with any proper corporate purpose, including, but not by way of limitation, the grant or assumption of options or restricted stock in connection with the acquisition by purchase, lease, merger, consolidation or otherwise, of the business, stock or assets of any corporation, firm or association.

Section 11.4 At-Will Employment. Nothing in the Plan or any Award Agreement hereunder shall confer upon the Participant any right to continue as a Service Provider of the Company or any of its Affiliates or shall interfere with or restrict in any way the rights of the Company or any of its Affiliates, which are hereby expressly reserved, to discharge any Participant at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without Cause.

Section 11.5 Conformity to Securities Laws. The Plan is intended to conform to the extent necessary with all provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and any and all regulations and rules promulgated under any of the foregoing, to the extent the Company, any of its Affiliates or any Participant is subject to the provisions thereof. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Plan shall be administered, and Awards shall be granted and may be exercised, only in such a manner as to conform to such laws, rules and regulations. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Plan and Awards granted hereunder shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such laws, rules and regulations.

Section 11.6 Term of Plan. The Plan was approved by the Board of Directors of the Company on April 26, 2022 (the “Adoption Date”), subject to stockholder approval. The Plan shall be effective on the date of its approval by the stockholders of the Company at the 2022 annual meeting of stockholders (the “Effective Date”) in accordance with applicable law. No awards shall be issued or granted under this Plan until or unless this Plan is approved by stockholders. The Plan shall continue in effect, unless sooner terminated pursuant to Section 11.2, until the tenth (10^th) anniversary of the Adoption Date. The provisions of the Plan shall continue thereafter to govern all outstanding Awards.

 Section 11.7 Governing Law. To the extent not preempted by federal law, the Plan shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware regardless of the application of rules of conflict of law that would apply the laws of any other jurisdiction.

Section 11.8 Severability. In the event any portion of the Plan or any action taken pursuant thereto shall be held illegal or invalid for any reason, the illegality or invalidity shall not affect the remaining parts of the Plan, and the Plan shall be construed and enforced as if the illegal or invalid provisions had not been included, and the illegal or invalid action shall be null and void.

Section 11.9 Governing Documents. In the event of any express contradiction between the Plan and any Award Agreement or any other written agreement between a Participant and the Company or any Affiliate that has been approved by the Administrator, the express terms of the Plan shall govern, unless it is expressly specified in such Award Agreement or other written document that such express provision of the Plan shall not apply.

Section 11.10 Withholding Taxes. In addition to any rights or obligations with respect to the federal, state, local or foreign income taxes, withholding taxes or employment taxes required to be withheld under applicable law, the Company or any Affiliate employing a Service Provider shall have the right to withhold from the Service Provider, or otherwise require the Service Provider or an assignee to pay, any such required withholding obligations arising as a result of grant, exercise, vesting or settlement of any Award or any other taxable event occurring pursuant to the Plan or any Award Agreement, including, without limitation, to the extent permitted by law, the right to deduct any such withholding obligations from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the Service Provider or to take such other actions (including, without limitation, withholding any Shares or cash deliverable pursuant to the Plan or any Award) as may be necessary to satisfy such withholding obligations.

Section 11.11 Section 409A. To the extent applicable, the Plan and Award Agreements shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A of the Code and Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder, including without limitation any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued after the adoption of the Plan. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, in the event that following the adoption of the Plan, the Administrator determines that any Award may be subject to Section 409A of the Code and related regulations and Department of Treasury guidance (including such Department of Treasury guidance as may be issued after the adoption of the Plan), the Administrator may adopt such amendments to the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions, that the Administrator determines are necessary or appropriate to (a) exempt the Award from Section 409A of the Code and/or preserve the intended tax treatment of the benefits provided with respect to the Award, (b) comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and related Department of Treasury guidance or (c) comply with any correction procedures available with respect to Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding anything else contained in this Plan or any Award Agreement to the contrary, if a Service Provider is a “specified employee” at the time of the Service Provider’s “separation from service” (as determined under Section 409A of the Code) then, to the extent necessary to comply with, and avoid imposition on such Service Provider of any tax penalty imposed under, Section 409A of the Code, any payment required to be made to a Service Provider hereunder upon or following his or her separation from service shall be delayed until the first to occur of (i) the six-month anniversary of the Service Provider’s separation from service and (ii) the Service Provider’s death. Should payments be delayed in accordance with the preceding sentence, the accumulated payment that would have been made but for the period of the delay shall be paid in a single lump sum during the ten (10) day period following the lapsing of the delay period. No provision of this Plan or an Award Agreement shall be construed to indemnify any Service Provider for any taxes incurred by reason of Section 409A (or timing of incurrence thereof), other than an express indemnification provision therefor.

Section 11.12 Notices. Except as provided otherwise in an Award Agreement, all notices and other communications required or permitted to be given under this Plan or any Award Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given if delivered personally, sent by email or any other form of electronic transfer approved by the Administrator, sent by certified or express mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or by any recognized international equivalent of such delivery, (i) in the case of notices and communications to the Company, to its current business address and to the attention of the Corporate Secretary of the Company or (ii) in the case of a Participant, to the last known address, or email address or, where the individual is an employee of the Company or one of its Subsidiaries, to the individual’s workplace address or email address or by other means of electronic transfer acceptable to the Administrator. All such notices and communications shall be deemed to have been received on the date of delivery, if sent by email or any other form of electronic transfer, at the time of dispatch or on the third business day after the mailing thereof.

Section 11.13 Beneficiary Designation. Each Participant under the Plan may from time to time pursuant to procedures approved by the Company name any beneficiary or beneficiaries by whom any right under the Plan is to be exercised in case of such Participant’s death.

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