 | 投資者關係 Ashley Serrao + 1 646 430 6027 Ashley.Serrao@Tradeweb.com | 媒體聯繫 Daniel Noonan + 1 646 767 4677 Daniel.Noonan@Tradeweb.com | ||||||||||||
tradeweb markets公佈2024年第三季度財務業績報告 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
紐約，2024年10月30日 - Tradeweb Markets Inc.（納斯達克：TW）是全球領先的利率、信用、股票和貨幣市場電子交易市場運營商，今天公佈了截至2024年9月30日季度的財務業績。 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
44890萬美元 季度收入，較去年同期增加 36.7% (36.5% （按恆定貨幣基礎） 2.2兆美元 季度平均日成交量（“ADV”）增加 55.3% 相對於去年同期：美國政府債券、全電子美國高收益信用、信用衍生品和全球回購協議的季度ADV創下新紀錄 $13020萬 凈利潤和 $17930萬 該季度調整後的凈利潤分別增加了 16.7% 和 37.1% 從去年同期 53.4% 調整後EBITDA率和 $23980萬 本季調整前息稅折舊及攤銷前利潤率為51.9%，金額分別為$17040萬，較去年同期分別為$17040百萬 $0.53 每股稀釋收益（“攤薄後每股收益”）及 $0.75 本季調整後每股稀釋收益 $0.10 每股季度現金股息宣布; $25.0百萬 股票回購的 | Tradeweb markets首席執行官比利·赫特: “We are pleased to report record quarterly revenues of $44890萬, reflecting a 36.7% increase year-over-year. This strong growth was driven by record average daily volume (ADV) of $2.2兆, up 55% compared to the same period last year. We achieved quarterly ADV records across rates, credit, and money markets, highlighting the success of our organic expansion efforts and the contributions from our recent acquisitions of ICD, r8fin, and Yieldbroker, which have strengthened our global business. Throughout the quarter, we worked closely with clients as they navigated a remarkable period of macroeconomic uncertainty and rates volatility. In Asia, we expanded our geographic presence into India with the appointment of a new country head. We also reinforced our global commitment to advancing ESG initiatives with the publication of our fourth annual Corporate Sustainability Report. Credit markets reached an important milestone in September, as electronic trading for the month accounted for 50% of total U.S. high grade TRACE volume for the first time. Looking ahead, we remain focused on identifying strategic growth opportunities and further expanding our presence across key markets.” | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SELECt FINANCIAL 結果 | 3Q24 | 3Q23 | 變化 | 恆定 貨幣 變化(1) | ADV (美元十億) (未經查核) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (除每股金額外，以千美元計)(未經審核) | 資產類別 | 產品 | 3Q24 | 3Q23 | 同比增長 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GAAP財務指標 | 匯率 | 現金 | $ | 497 | $ | 361 | 37.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 營業總收入 | $ | 448,915 | $ | 328,357 | 36.7 | % | 36.5 | % | 衍生金融工具 | 802 | 492 | 63.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 匯率 | $ | 233,122 | $ | 172,832 | 34.9 | % | 34.7 | % | 總計 | 1,298 | 853 | 52.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 征信 | $ | 118,305 | $ | 90,062 | 31.4 | % | 31.3 | % | 征信 | 現金 | 15 | 13 | 17.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 股票 | $ | 25,514 | $ | 20,890 | 22.1 | % | 22.0 | % | 衍生金融工具 | 27 | 17 | 61.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 貨幣市場 | $ | 36,126 | $ | 15,763 | 129.2 | % | 128.2 | % | 總計 | 43 | 30 | 42.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 市場數據 | $ | 29,760 | $ | 22,956 | 29.6 | % | 29.2 | % | 股票 | 現金 | 10 | 9 | 8.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 其他 | $ | 6,088 | $ | 5,854 | 4.0 | % | 4.0 | % | 衍生金融工具 | 13 | 9 | 32.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 凈利潤 | $ | 130,223 | $ | 111,630 | 16.7 | % | 總計 | 23 | 19 | 20.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
歸屬於tradeweb markets的淨利潤。 (2) | $ | 113,916 | $ | 98,614 | 15.5 | % | 貨幣市場 | 現金 | 848 | 522 | 62.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 總計 | 848 | 522 | 62.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 攤薄後每股收益 | $ | 0.53 | $ | 0.46 | 15.2 | % | 總計 | $ | 2,212 | $ | 1,424 | 55.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 凈利潤率 | 29.0 | % | 34.0 | % | -499 | bps | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 非通用會計原則財務指標 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
調整後的EBITDA (1) | $ | 239,816 | $ | 170,360 | 40.8 | % | 39.2 | % | (1) 調整後EBITDA、調整後EBITDA利潤率、調整後EBIt、調整後EBIt利潤率、調整後凈利潤、調整後每股收益和固定幣種變化均為非普遍會計原則之財務指標。請參閱下文之「非普遍會計原則之財務指標」以及附表，以獲取更多相關資訊和對應非普遍會計原則之財務指標之調和。 (2) 代表凈利潤減去歸屬於非控制權益的凈利潤。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
調整後的EBITDA利潤率 (1) | 53.4 | % | 51.9 | % | +154 | bps | +102 | bps | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
調整後的稅前淨利潤 (1) | $ | 223,893 | $ | 155,772 | 43.7 | % | 41.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
調整後的EBIt利潤率 (1) | 49.9 | % | 47.4 | % | +243 | bps | +192 | bps | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
調整後的凈利潤 (1) | $ | 179,332 | $ | 130,794 | 37.1 | % | 35.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
每股攤薄後調整收益 (1) | $ | 0.75 | $ | 0.55 | 36.4 | % | 33.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
結果討論
匯率 在2024年第三季度，收入達到2億3310萬美元，較去年同期增長34.9%（按不變貨幣基礎計算增長34.7%）。以率的日均交易量（ADV）較去年同期上升52.1%，這主要是由美國政府債券創下歷史新高的ADV以及抵押貸款和少於1年期掉期/掉期選擇交易量強勁的年度增長所推動。r8fin的加入持續為批發成交量做出貢獻。歐洲政府債券ADV比去年同期增加了15.3%，主要得益於英國國庫券的強勁增長。抵押貸款ADV比去年同期增加了27.3%，這反映了創下紀錄的指定資產池交易量以及刷新的待公佈（"TBA"）交易量，其中以創紀錄的捲動交易活動為主導。
征信 2024年第三季度收入達到11830萬美元，較去年同期增長31.4%（以恆定貨幣基礎計算則增長31.3%）。信用ADV比去年同期增長42.3%，主要受到信用衍生品和美國信用交易量強勁增長的推動，包括美國全電子高收益信用記錄ADV創紀錄。美國信用ADV較去年同期增長37.0%，反映了客戶持續採用Tradeweb產品和協議，包括報價請求（"RFQ"）、Tradeweb AllTrade®和投資組合交易。歐洲信用ADV較前年同期增長12.0％，主要受各種協議活動的推動。我們在全電子美國高級TRACE市場佔有率達17.7％，較前年同期增長109個基點，以及在全電子美國高收益TRACE市場佔有率達7.8％，較前年同期下降3個基點。
股票 2024年第三季度收入為2550萬美元，較去年同期增加22.1%（在恆定貨幣基礎上增加22.0%）。股票日均交易額比去年同期增加20.5%，主要原因是強勁的機構etf平台活動和歐洲etf以及股票衍生產品的交易量增加。
貨幣市場 2024年第三季度的收入為3610萬美元，較去年同期增長了129.2%（按恆定貨幣基礎增長了128.2%）。 貨幣市場ADV比去年同期增加了62.5%，這是由於2024年8月1日收購ICD，全球回購協議的記錄活動和客戶採用Tradeweb電子交易解決方案的增加。
市場資料 2024年第三季度的營業收入為2980萬美元，較去年同期增加29.6%（在固定匯率基礎上增加29.2%）。增加主要來自於自2023年11月1日生效的修訂合同增加的LSEG市場資料費用，以及專有第三方市場資料收入。
其他 2024年第三季度收入為610萬美元，較前一年同期增長4.0%（按固定貨幣基礎增長4.0%）。
Operating Expenses of $289.6 million in the third quarter of 2024 increased 42.2% compared to $203.6 million in prior year period, primarily due to an increase in employee compensation and benefits, including incentive compensation expense tied to our financial performance, as well as an increase in headcount and related salaries, bonus and benefits associated with our continued growth, including the August 1, 2024 ICD Acquisition. During the quarter, we also incurred $2.4 million in accelerated stock-based compensation expense in connection with the departure of an executive effective September 30, 2024 and $1.4 million in compensation expense related to the acceleration of vesting of previously unvested stock awards issued by the ICD seller.
Adjusted Expenses of $225.0 million in the third quarter of 2024 increased 30.4% (increased 31.5% on a constant currency basis) compared to prior year period primarily due to higher expenses related to adjusted employee compensation and benefits. Please see "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below for additional information.
RECENT HIGHLIGHTS
October 2024
•FTSE Russell to incorporate a price source change to include Tradeweb FTSE benchmark closing prices for U.S Treasuries, European Government Bonds and UK Gilts in FTSE’s global fixed income indices, including its premiere World Government Bond Index (WGBI).
•Commemorated the 10-year anniversary of the launch of our U.S. Credit Platform.
•Recognized as Multi-Asset Trading System of the Year - Asia Pacific Awards (FOW) and 100 Women in European Finance - Nawel Khelil (Financial News)
Third Quarter 2024
•Announced the addition of Daniel Maguire to Tradeweb's Board of Directors, effective as of September 18, 2024.
•Appointed Maxlin Thomas as Head of India as part of our efforts to further strengthen our global presence.
•Completed Tradeweb's acquisition of Institutional Cash Distributors (“ICD”), an investment technology provider for corporate treasury organizations trading short-term investments, adding corporates as a fourth client channel, alongside our existing focus on institutional, wholesale and retail clients.
•Published our fourth annual Corporate Sustainability Report and our second annual standalone Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosure (TCFD) Report.
•Executed the first fully-automated European Government Bond Basis trade, in collaboration with Eurex, with Nomura providing liquidity to Nykredit Bank.
•In June 2024, we signed a 16-year lease for our new NYC headquarters, which is expected to commence in July 2025. Including expected double rent from our existing NYC office and other anticipated leasing activity in the second half of 2025, we expect our second half 2025 occupancy expenses to be approximately $7 million higher than the second half of 2024.
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•Recognized in numerous awards celebrating our company, as well as our outstanding and diverse talent, including: Best Company - Markets Choice Awards (Markets Media); Best Sustainable Companies to Own (Morningstar); Most Influential in European Finance - Enrico Bruni (Financial News); Rising Star - Allie Hunt (Women in Financial Markets); European Women in Finance Awards - Excellence in Trading Platforms - Alessandra Stagliano (Markets Media)
CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
•$1.2 billion in cash and cash equivalents and an undrawn $500 million credit facility at September 30, 2024
•As purchase consideration for the August 1, 2024 acquisition of ICD, we paid $771.2 million in net cash and also issued 41,705 shares of restricted Class A common stock in connection with the acquisition
•Free cash flow for the trailing twelve months ended September 30, 2024 of $797.4 million, up 23.6% compared to prior year period. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information
•Cash capital expenditures and capitalized software development in the third quarter 2024 of $17.0 million (excludes amounts paid at closing for acquisitions)
•During the third quarter of 2024, as part of its share repurchase program, Tradeweb purchased 214,795 shares of Class A common stock, at an average price of $116.41, for purchases totaling $25.0 million. $214.8 million remained available for repurchase pursuant to the share repurchase program authorization as of September 30, 2024
•$2.1 million in shares of Class A common stock were withheld in the third quarter of 2024 to satisfy tax obligations related to the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units held by employees
•The Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share of Class A common stock and Class B common stock. The dividend will be payable on December 16, 2024 to stockholders of record as of December 2, 2024
OTHER MATTERS
Updated Full-Year 2024 Guidance*
•Adjusted Expenses: $855 - 875 million (trending toward middle of range)
•Acquisition and Refinitiv Transaction related depreciation and amortization expense: $158 million
•Assumed non-GAAP tax rate: ~ 24.5% - 25.5%
•Cash capital expenditures and capitalized software development: ~ $77 - 85 million
•LSEG Market Data Contract Revenue: ~$80 million (~$90 million in 2025)
The guidance has been revised to reflect higher adjusted expenses in light of strong business momentum. Depreciation and amortization, assumed non-GAAP tax rate, expenditures and LSEG Market Data Contract Revenue guidance is unchanged from the prior quarter guidance.
*GAAP operating expenses and tax rate guidance are not provided due to the inherent difficulty in quantifying certain amounts due to a variety of factors including the unpredictability in the movement of foreign currency rates. Expense guidance assumes an average 2024 Sterling/US$ foreign exchange rate of 1.24 and includes completed M&A transactions. Guidance amounts for cash capital expenditures and capitalized software development excludes amounts paid at closing for acquisitions.
CONFERENCE CALL
Tradeweb Markets will hold a conference call to discuss third quarter 2024 results starting at 9:30 AM EDT today, October 30, 2024. A live, audio webcast of the conference call along with related presentation materials will be available at https://investors.tradeweb.com/events-and-presentations.
•To join the call via audio webcast, click here: https://edge.media-server.com/mmc/p/8fmfndxv/
•To join the call via phone, please register in advance here: https://register.vevent.com/register/BI7f65d6e977a04267a4a86c5cf7eef76f. Registered participants will receive an email confirmation with a unique PIN to access the conference call.
An archived recording of the call will be available afterward at https://investors.tradeweb.com.
ABOUT TRADEWEB MARKETS
Tradeweb Markets Inc. (Nasdaq: TW) is a leading, global operator of electronic marketplaces for rates, credit, equities and money markets. Founded in 1996, Tradeweb provides access to markets, data and analytics, electronic trading, straight-through-processing and reporting for more than 50 products to clients in the institutional, wholesale and retail markets. Advanced technologies developed by Tradeweb enhance price discovery, order execution and trade workflows while allowing for greater scale and helping to reduce risks in client trading operations. Tradeweb serves more than 2,800 clients in more than 70 countries. On average, Tradeweb facilitated more than $1.9 trillion in notional value traded per day over the past four fiscal quarters. For more information, please go to www.tradeweb.com.
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TRADEWEB MARKETS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(UNAUDITED)
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction fees and commissions | $ | 373,493 | $ | 263,485 | $ | 1,039,419 | $ | 776,544 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Subscription fees | 51,206 | 46,361 | 151,633 | 136,483 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| LSEG market data fees | 20,512 | 15,460 | 61,593 | 46,515 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 3,704 | 3,051 | 9,960 | 8,677 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 448,915 | 328,357 | 1,262,605 | 968,219 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee compensation and benefits | 160,161 | 116,016 | 440,484 | 334,433 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 57,872 | 46,559 | 157,145 | 137,850 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology and communications | 24,300 | 19,733 | 69,840 | 56,001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 20,417 | 6,700 | 44,026 | 31,692 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional fees | 21,434 | 10,479 | 46,558 | 32,321 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Occupancy | 5,415 | 4,132 | 15,064 | 12,283 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | 289,599 | 203,619 | 773,117 | 604,580 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 159,316 | 124,738 | 489,488 | 363,639 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax receivable agreement liability adjustment | (870) | — | (870) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 16,663 | 17,929 | 59,234 | 46,445 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (1,446) | (464) | (3,706) | (1,380) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (loss), net | 10 | (1,907) | 10 | (2,022) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before taxes | 173,673 | 140,296 | 544,156 | 406,682 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | (43,450) | (28,666) | (134,135) | (90,920) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | 130,223 | 111,630 | 410,021 | 315,762 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests | 16,307 | 13,016 | 50,724 | 40,210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Tradeweb Markets Inc. | $ | 113,916 | $ | 98,614 | $ | 359,297 | $ | 275,552 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share attributable to Tradeweb Markets Inc. Class A and B common stockholders: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | 0.53 | $ | 0.47 | $ | 1.69 | $ | 1.31 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | 0.53 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 1.67 | $ | 1.30 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | 213,206,193 | 211,618,475 | 213,026,732 | 210,444,082 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | 215,096,974 | 213,491,634 | 214,885,210 | 212,276,908 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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TRADEWEB MARKETS INC.
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (UNAUDITED)
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Adjusted EBIT and Adjusted EBIT Margin | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 130,223 | $ | 111,630 | $ | 410,021 | $ | 315,762 | ||||||||||||||||||
Merger and acquisition transaction and integration costs (1) | 14,488 | 4,614 | 21,752 | 6,411 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income | (16,663) | (17,929) | (59,234) | (46,445) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 1,446 | 464 | 3,706 | 1,380 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 57,872 | 46,559 | 157,145 | 137,850 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense (2) | 3,681 | 525 | 5,395 | 1,960 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | 43,450 | 28,666 | 134,135 | 90,920 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange (gains) / losses (3) | 4,459 | (6,076) | 2,097 | (4,242) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax receivable agreement liability adjustment (4) | 870 | — | 870 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other (income) loss, net | (10) | 1,907 | (10) | 2,022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 239,816 | $ | 170,360 | $ | 675,877 | $ | 505,618 | ||||||||||||||||||
Less: Depreciation and amortization | (57,872) | (46,559) | (157,145) | (137,850) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Add: D&A related to acquisitions and the Refinitiv Transaction (5) | 41,949 | 31,971 | 111,031 | 95,217 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBIT | $ | 223,893 | $ | 155,772 | $ | 629,763 | $ | 462,985 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income margin (6) | 29.0 | % | 34.0 | % | 32.5 | % | 32.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA margin (6) | 53.4 | % | 51.9 | % | 53.5 | % | 52.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBIT margin (6) | 49.9 | % | 47.4 | % | 49.9 | % | 47.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Represents incremental direct costs associated with the acquisition and integration of completed and potential mergers and acquisitions. These costs generally include legal, consulting, advisory, due diligence, severance and certain other transaction expenses and third party costs incurred that directly relate to the acquisition transaction or its integration. | ||||
| (2) | Represents non-cash stock-based compensation expense associated with the Special Option Award and post-IPO options awarded in 2019 and payroll taxes associated with the exercise of such options. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, this adjustment also includes $2.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively, of non-cash accelerated stock-based compensation expense and related payroll taxes associated with our former President and $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of non-cash stock-based compensation expense and related payroll taxes associated with RSAs and RSUs issued to help retain key employees during the integration of ICD. | ||||
| (3) | Represents unrealized gain or loss recognized on foreign currency forward contracts and foreign exchange gain or loss from the revaluation of cash denominated in a different currency than the entity’s functional currency. | ||||
| (4) | Represents income recognized during the applicable period due to changes in the tax receivable agreement liability recorded in the consolidated statement of financial condition as a result of changes in the mix of earnings, tax legislation and tax rates in various jurisdictions which impacted our tax savings. | ||||
| (5) | Represents intangible asset and acquired software amortization resulting from acquisitions and intangible asset amortization and increased tangible asset and capitalized software depreciation and amortization resulting from the application of pushdown accounting to the Refinitiv Transaction (where all assets were marked to fair value as of the closing date of the Refinitiv Transaction). | ||||
| (6) | Net income margin, Adjusted EBITDA margin and Adjusted EBIT margin are defined as net income, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBIT, respectively, divided by revenue for the applicable period. | ||||
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings per diluted share | $ | 0.53 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 1.67 | $ | 1.30 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Tradeweb Markets Inc. | $ | 113,916 | $ | 98,614 | $ | 359,297 | $ | 275,552 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (1) | 16,307 | 13,016 | 50,724 | 40,210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 130,223 | 111,630 | 410,021 | 315,762 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | 43,450 | 28,666 | 134,135 | 90,920 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Merger and acquisition transaction and integration costs (2) | 14,488 | 4,614 | 21,752 | 6,411 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
D&A related to acquisitions and the Refinitiv Transaction (3) | 41,949 | 31,971 | 111,031 | 95,217 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense (4) | 3,681 | 525 | 5,395 | 1,960 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange (gains) / losses (5) | 4,459 | (6,076) | 2,097 | (4,242) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax receivable agreement liability adjustment (6) | 870 | — | 870 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other (income) loss, net | (10) | 1,907 | (10) | 2,022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Net Income before income taxes | 239,110 | 173,237 | 685,291 | 508,050 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted income taxes (7) | (59,778) | (42,443) | (171,323) | (124,472) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Net Income | $ | 179,332 | $ | 130,794 | $ | 513,968 | $ | 383,578 | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Diluted EPS (8) | $ | 0.75 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 2.16 | $ | 1.62 | ||||||||||||||||||
Page | 5
(1) | Represents the reallocation of net income attributable to non-controlling interests from the assumed exchange of all outstanding LLC Interests held by non-controlling interests for shares of Class A or Class B common stock. | ||||
| (2) | Represents incremental direct costs associated with the acquisition and integration of completed and potential mergers and acquisitions. These costs generally include legal, consulting, advisory, due diligence, severance and certain other transaction expenses and third party costs incurred that directly relate to the acquisition transaction or its integration. | ||||
| (3) | Represents intangible asset and acquired software amortization resulting from acquisitions and intangible asset amortization and increased tangible asset and capitalized software depreciation and amortization resulting from the application of pushdown accounting to the Refinitiv Transaction (where all assets were marked to fair value as of the closing date of the Refinitiv Transaction). | ||||
| (4) | Represents non-cash stock-based compensation expense associated with the Special Option Award and post-IPO options awarded in 2019 and payroll taxes associated with the exercise of such options. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, this adjustment also includes $2.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively, of non-cash accelerated stock-based compensation expense and related payroll taxes associated with our former President and $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of non-cash stock-based compensation expense and related payroll taxes associated with RSAs and RSUs issued to help retain key employees during the integration of ICD. | ||||
| (5) | Represents unrealized gain or loss recognized on foreign currency forward contracts and foreign exchange gain or loss from the revaluation of cash denominated in a different currency than the entity’s functional currency. | ||||
| (6) | Represents income recognized during the applicable period due to changes in the tax receivable agreement liability recorded in the consolidated statement of financial condition as a result of changes in the mix of earnings, tax legislation and tax rates in various jurisdictions which impacted our tax savings. | ||||
| (7) | Represents corporate income taxes at an assumed effective tax rate of 25.0% applied to Adjusted Net Income before income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 24.5% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. | ||||
| (8) | For a summary of the calculation of Adjusted Diluted EPS, see “Reconciliation of Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding to Adjusted Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Adjusted Diluted EPS” below. | ||||
The following table summarizes the calculation of Adjusted Diluted EPS for the periods presented:
| Reconciliation of Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding to Adjusted Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Adjusted Diluted EPS | Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted weighted average shares of Class A and Class B common stock outstanding | 215,096,974 | 213,491,634 | 214,885,210 | 212,276,908 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average of other participating securities (1) | 126,903 | 265,681 | 137,252 | 266,453 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Assumed exchange of LLC Interests for shares of Class A or Class B common stock (2) | 23,076,235 | 23,080,571 | 23,077,298 | 24,179,583 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 238,300,112 | 236,837,886 | 238,099,760 | 236,722,944 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Net Income (in thousands) | $ | 179,332 | $ | 130,794 | $ | 513,968 | $ | 383,578 | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Diluted EPS | $ | 0.75 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 2.16 | $ | 1.62 | ||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Represents the weighted average of unvested stock awards and unsettled vested stock awards issued to certain retired or terminated employees that are entitled to non-forfeitable dividend equivalent rights and are considered participating securities prior to being issued and outstanding shares of common stock in accordance with the two-class method used for purposes of calculating earnings per share. | ||||
| (2) | Assumes the full exchange of the weighted average of all outstanding LLC Interests held by non-controlling interests for shares of Class A or Class B common stock, resulting in the elimination of the non-controlling interests and recognition of the net income attributable to non-controlling interests. | ||||
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Operating Expenses to Adjusted Expenses | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses | $ | 289,599 | $ | 203,619 | $ | 773,117 | $ | 604,580 | ||||||||||||||||||
Merger and acquisition transaction and integration costs (1) | (14,488) | (4,614) | (21,752) | (6,411) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
D&A related to acquisitions and the Refinitiv Transaction (2) | (41,949) | (31,971) | (111,031) | (95,217) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense (3) | (3,681) | (525) | (5,395) | (1,960) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange gains / (losses) (4) | (4,459) | 6,076 | (2,097) | 4,242 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Expenses | $ | 225,022 | $ | 172,585 | $ | 632,842 | $ | 505,234 | ||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Represents incremental direct costs associated with the acquisition and integration of completed and potential mergers and acquisitions. These costs generally include legal, consulting, advisory, due diligence, severance and certain other transaction expenses and third party costs incurred that directly relate to the acquisition transaction or its integration. | ||||
| (2) | Represents intangible asset and acquired software amortization resulting from acquisitions and intangible asset amortization and increased tangible asset and capitalized software depreciation and amortization resulting from the application of pushdown accounting to the Refinitiv Transaction (where all assets were marked to fair value as of the closing date of the Refinitiv Transaction). | ||||
| (3) | Represents non-cash stock-based compensation expense associated with the Special Option Award and post-IPO options awarded in 2019 and payroll taxes associated with the exercise of such options. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, this adjustment also includes $2.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively, of non-cash accelerated stock-based compensation expense and related payroll taxes associated with our former President and $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of non-cash stock-based compensation expense and related payroll taxes associated with RSAs and RSUs issued to help retain key employees during the integration of ICD. | ||||
| (4) | Represents unrealized gain or loss recognized on foreign currency forward contracts and foreign exchange gain or loss from the revaluation of cash denominated in a different currency than the entity’s functional currency. | ||||
Page | 6
Trailing Twelve Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Cash Flow from Operating Activities to Free Cash Flow | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
| Cash flow from operating activities | $ | 860,477 | $ | 709,328 | ||||||||||
| Less: Capitalization of software development costs | (46,312) | (41,517) | ||||||||||||
| Less: Purchases of furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements | (16,791) | (22,722) | ||||||||||||
| Free Cash Flow | $ | 797,374 | $ | 645,089 | ||||||||||
TRADEWEB MARKETS INC.
BASIC AND DILUTED EPS CALCULATIONS (UNAUDITED)
The following table summarizes the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations for Tradeweb Markets Inc.:
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EPS: Net income attributable to Tradeweb Markets Inc. | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Tradeweb Markets Inc. | $ | 113,916 | $ | 98,614 | $ | 359,297 | $ | 275,552 | ||||||||||||||||||
Less: Distributed and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities (1) | (68) | (124) | (231) | (348) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to outstanding shares of Class A and Class B common stock - Basic and Diluted | $ | 113,848 | $ | 98,490 | $ | 359,066 | $ | 275,204 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares of Class A and Class B common stock outstanding - Basic | 213,206,193 | 211,618,475 | 213,026,732 | 210,444,082 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive effect of PRSUs | 625,822 | 504,945 | 564,996 | 380,740 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive effect of options | 363,623 | 1,110,175 | 470,816 | 1,240,923 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive effect of RSUs and RSAs | 405,562 | 258,039 | 367,375 | 211,163 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive effect of PSUs | 495,774 | — | 455,291 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares of Class A and Class B common stock outstanding - Diluted | 215,096,974 | 213,491,634 | 214,885,210 | 212,276,908 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share - Basic | $ | 0.53 | $ | 0.47 | $ | 1.69 | $ | 1.31 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share - Diluted | $ | 0.53 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 1.67 | $ | 1.30 | ||||||||||||||||||
(1) | During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there was a total of 126,903 and 265,681, respectively, and during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there was a total of 137,252 and 266,453, respectively, weighted average unvested or unsettled vested stock awards that were considered a participating security for purposes of calculating earnings per share in accordance with the two-class method. | ||||
Page | 7
TRADEWEB MARKETS INC.
REVENUES BY ASSET CLASS (UNAUDITED)
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | Variable | Fixed | Variable | Fixed | Variable | Fixed | Variable | Fixed | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rates | $ | 173,698 | $ | 59,424 | $ | 114,128 | $ | 58,704 | $ | 59,570 | $ | 720 | 52.2 | % | 1.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit | 109,518 | 8,787 | 82,484 | 7,578 | 27,034 | 1,209 | 32.8 | % | 16.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equities | 23,218 | 2,296 | 18,567 | 2,323 | 4,651 | (27) | 25.0 | % | (1.2) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money Markets | 31,928 | 4,198 | 11,433 | 4,330 | 20,495 | (132) | 179.3 | % | (3.0) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market Data | 104 | 29,656 | 115 | 22,841 | (11) | 6,815 | (9.6) | % | 29.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 513 | 5,575 | — | 5,854 | 513 | (279) | N/M | (4.8) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 338,979 | $ | 109,936 | $ | 226,727 | $ | 101,630 | $ | 112,252 | $ | 8,306 | 49.5 | % | 8.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
N/M = not meaningful
TRADEWEB MARKETS INC.
AVERAGE VARIABLE FEES PER MILLION DOLLARS OF VOLUME (UNAUDITED)
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, | YoY | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||
| Rates | $ | 2.07 | $ | 2.10 | (1.4) | % | ||||||||||||||
| Rates Cash | $ | 2.45 | $ | 2.42 | 1.1 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Rates Derivatives | $ | 1.85 | $ | 1.87 | (1.5) | % | ||||||||||||||
Rates Derivatives (greater than 1 year) | $ | 3.19 | $ | 2.72 | 17.2 | % | ||||||||||||||
Other Rates Derivatives (1) | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.22 | 1.1 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Credit | $ | 39.76 | $ | 43.26 | (8.1) | % | ||||||||||||||
Cash Credit (2) | $ | 151.90 | $ | 162.20 | (6.3) | % | ||||||||||||||
| Credit Derivatives, China Bonds and U.S. Cash EP | $ | 5.71 | $ | 5.75 | (0.7) | % | ||||||||||||||
| Equities | $ | 15.82 | $ | 15.50 | 2.1 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Equities Cash | $ | 27.68 | $ | 25.42 | 8.9 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Equities Derivatives | $ | 5.99 | $ | 5.50 | 9.0 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Money Markets | $ | 0.54 | $ | 0.35 | 55.0 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 2.29 | $ | 2.51 | (8.5) | % | ||||||||||||||
Total excluding Other Rates Derivatives (3) | $ | 2.69 | $ | 2.81 | (4.4) | % | ||||||||||||||
(1) | Includes Swaps/Swaptions of tenor less than 1 year and Rates Futures. | ||||
| (2) | The “Cash Credit” category represents the “Credit” asset class excluding (1) Credit Derivatives (2) China Bonds and (3) U.S. High Grade and High Yield electronically processed (“EP”) activity. | ||||
| (3) | Included to contextualize the impact of short-tenored Swaps/Swaptions and Rates Futures on totals for all periods presented. | ||||
Page | 8
TRADEWEB MARKETS INC.
AVERAGE DAILY VOLUME (UNAUDITED) (1)
| 2024 Q3 | 2023 Q3 | YoY | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset Class | Product | ADV (USD mm) | Volume (USD mm) | ADV (USD mm) | Volume (USD mm) | ADV | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rates | Cash | $ | 496,603 | $ | 31,860,816 | $ | 361,421 | $ | 22,842,103 | 37.40 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Government Bonds | 221,864 | 14,199,309 | 142,641 | 8,986,371 | 55.54 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| European Government Bonds | 42,964 | 2,835,614 | 37,251 | 2,421,306 | 15.34 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgages | 221,999 | 14,207,950 | 174,436 | 10,989,473 | 27.27 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Government Bonds | 9,775 | 617,943 | 7,093 | 444,954 | 37.82 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives | 801,512 | 51,882,416 | 491,837 | 31,422,421 | 62.96 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swaps/Swaptions ≥ 1Y | 439,683 | 28,436,368 | 325,350 | 20,746,985 | 35.14 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swaps/Swaptions < 1Y | 352,589 | 22,850,905 | 164,178 | 10,529,049 | 114.76 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Futures | 9,239 | 595,143 | 2,310 | 146,388 | 300.01 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 1,298,114 | 83,743,233 | 853,258 | 54,264,524 | 52.14 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit | Cash | 15,251 | 980,526 | 12,980 | 824,984 | 17.49 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. High Grade - Fully Electronic | 6,433 | 411,704 | 4,228 | 266,368 | 52.15 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. High Grade - Electronically Processed | 2,649 | 169,509 | 2,339 | 147,359 | 13.23 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. High Yield - Fully Electronic | 775 | 49,578 | 611 | 38,465 | 26.88 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. High Yield - Electronically Processed | 276 | 17,679 | 217 | 13,668 | 27.33 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| European Credit | 2,092 | 138,095 | 1,869 | 121,475 | 11.96 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Municipal Bonds | 380 | 24,300 | 334 | 21,054 | 13.62 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese Bonds | 2,371 | 151,721 | 3,231 | 206,794 | (26.63) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Credit Bonds | 276 | 17,939 | 152 | 9,802 | 81.69 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives | 27,338 | 1,773,907 | 16,955 | 1,081,813 | 61.24 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swaps | 27,338 | 1,773,907 | 16,955 | 1,081,813 | 61.24 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 42,589 | 2,754,433 | 29,936 | 1,906,796 | 42.27 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equities | Cash | 10,308 | 665,138 | 9,475 | 601,081 | 8.79 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. ETFs | 7,608 | 486,909 | 7,402 | 466,323 | 2.78 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| European ETFs | 2,700 | 178,229 | 2,073 | 134,758 | 30.25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives | 12,507 | 802,100 | 9,451 | 596,615 | 32.33 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertibles/Swaps/Options | 9,279 | 595,271 | 6,285 | 396,969 | 47.63 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Futures | 3,228 | 206,829 | 3,166 | 199,646 | 1.97 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 22,815 | 1,467,238 | 18,926 | 1,197,696 | 20.55 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money Markets | Cash | 848,171 | 59,556,275 | 522,065 | 33,065,896 | 62.46 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase Agreements (Repo) | 647,745 | 41,687,516 | 505,191 | 32,000,195 | 28.22 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Money Markets | 200,427 | 17,868,759 | 16,874 | 1,065,701 | 1087.75 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 848,171 | 59,556,275 | 522,065 | 33,065,896 | 62.46 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ADV (USD mm) | Volume (USD mm) | ADV (USD mm) | Volume (USD mm) | YoY | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 2,211,690 | $ | 147,521,178 | $ | 1,424,185 | $ | 90,434,913 | 55.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | We acquired Yieldbroker, r8fin and ICD on August 31, 2023, January 19, 2024 and August 1, 2024, respectively. Total volume reported includes volumes from each acquired business subsequent to the closing date of the applicable acquisition. | ||||
To access historical traded volumes, go to https://www.tradeweb.com/newsroom/monthly-activity-reports/
Page | 9
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Tradeweb Markets Inc. (unless the context otherwise requires, together with its subsidiaries, referred to as “we,” “our,” “Tradeweb,” “Tradeweb Markets” or the “Company”) closed its IPO on April 8, 2019. As a result of certain reorganization transactions (the “Reorganization Transactions”) completed in connection with the IPO, on April 4, 2019, Tradeweb Markets Inc. became a holding company whose principal assets consist of its direct and indirect equity interest in Tradeweb Markets LLC (“TWM LLC”) and related deferred tax assets. As the sole manager of TWM LLC, Tradeweb Markets Inc. operates and controls all of the business and affairs of TWM LLC and, through TWM LLC and its subsidiaries, conducts its business. As a result of this control, and because Tradeweb Markets Inc. has a substantial financial interest in TWM LLC, Tradeweb Markets Inc. consolidates the financial results of TWM LLC and its subsidiaries.
Numerical figures included in this release have been subject to rounding adjustments and as a result totals may not be the arithmetic aggregation of the amounts that precede them and figures expressed as percentages may not total 100%.
Please refer to the Company's previously filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Annual Report on Form 10-K for capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein.
UNAUDITED INTERIM RESULTS
The interim financial results presented herein for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are unaudited. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Statements related to, among other things, our guidance, including full-year 2024 guidance and full-year 2024 and 2025 revenue guidance related to the LSEG market data license agreement, pending and completed acquisitions, future performance, the industry and markets in which we operate, our expectations, beliefs, plans, strategies, objectives, prospects and assumptions and future events are forward-looking statements.
We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections. While we believe these expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections are reasonable, such forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. These and other important factors, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in the documents of Tradeweb Markets Inc. on file with or furnished to the SEC, may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements contained in this release are not guarantees of future events or performance and future events, our actual results of operations, financial condition or liquidity, and the development of the industry and markets in which we operate, may differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained in this release. In addition, even if future events, our results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity, and events in the industry and markets in which we operate, are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained in this release, they may not be predictive of events, results or developments in future periods. Any forward-looking statement that we make in this release speaks only as of the date of such statement. Except as required by law, we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise, or to publicly announce any update or revision to, any of the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date of this release.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
This release contains “non-GAAP financial measures,” including Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, Adjusted EBIT, Adjusted EBIT margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Net Income per diluted share ("Adjusted Diluted EPS"), Adjusted Expenses, Free Cash Flow and constant currency change, which are supplemental financial measures that are not calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. We make use of non-GAAP financial measures in evaluating our past results and future prospects. We present these non-GAAP financial measures because we believe they assist investors and analysts in comparing our operating performance across reporting periods on a consistent basis by excluding items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance.
Management and our board of directors use Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, Adjusted EBIT and Adjusted EBIT margin to assess our financial performance and believe they are helpful in highlighting trends in our core operating performance, while other measures can differ significantly depending on long-term strategic decisions regarding capital structure, the tax jurisdictions in which we operate and capital investments. Further, our executive incentive compensation is based in part on components of Adjusted EBITDA.
We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS as supplemental metrics to evaluate our business performance in a way that also considers our ability to generate profit without the impact of certain items. Each of the normal recurring adjustments and other adjustments included in Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS help to provide management with a measure of our operating performance over time by removing items that are not related to day-to-day operations or are non-cash expenses.
We use Adjusted Expenses as a supplemental metric to evaluate our underlying operating performance over time by removing items that are not related to day-to-day operations or are non-cash expenses.
Page | 10
We use Free Cash Flow to assess our liquidity in a way that considers the amount of cash generated from our core operations after non-acquisition related expenditures for capitalized software development costs and furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements.
We present certain changes on a “constant currency” basis. Since our consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, we must translate non-U.S. dollar revenues and expenses into U.S. dollars. Constant currency change, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, is defined as change excluding the effects of foreign currency fluctuations. Constant currency information is calculated by translating the current period and prior period’s results using the annual average exchange rates for the prior period. We use constant currency change as a supplemental metric to evaluate our underlying performance between periods by removing the impact of foreign currency fluctuations. We present certain constant currency change information because we believe it provides investors and analysts a useful comparison of our results and trends between periods. This information should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, results reported in accordance with GAAP.
See the attached schedules for reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures contained in this release to their most comparable GAAP financial measure. Non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider these non-GAAP financial measures in isolation or as alternatives to net income attributable to Tradeweb Markets Inc., net income, net income margin, earnings per share, operating income, operating expenses, cash flow from operating activities or any other financial measure prepared or derived in accordance with GAAP. You are encouraged to evaluate each adjustment included in the reconciliations. In addition, in evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, Adjusted EBIT, Adjusted EBIT margin, Adjusted EBT, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, Adjusted Expenses and Free Cash Flow, you should be aware that in the future, we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in the presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures.
Our presentation of non-GAAP financial measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. In addition, the non-GAAP financial measures contained in this release may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies in our industry or across different industries.
MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA
This release includes estimates regarding market and industry data that we prepared based on our management’s knowledge and experience in the markets in which we operate, together with information obtained from various sources, including publicly available information, industry reports and publications, surveys, our clients, trade and business organizations and other contacts in the markets in which we operate. In presenting this information, we have made certain assumptions that we believe to be reasonable based on such data and other similar sources and on our knowledge of, and our experience to date in, the markets in which we operate. While such information is believed to be reliable for the purposes used herein, no representations are made as to the accuracy or completeness thereof and we take no responsibility for such information.
TRADEWEB SOCIAL MEDIA
Investors and others should note that Tradeweb announces material financial and operational information using its investor relations website, press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts. Information about Tradeweb, its business and its results of operations may also be announced by posts on the Company’s accounts on the following social media channels: Instagram, LinkedIn and X (formerly Twitter). The information that we post through these social media channels may be deemed material. As a result, we encourage investors, the media, and others interested in Tradeweb to monitor these social media channels in addition to following our investor relations website, press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts. These social media channels may be updated from time to time on our investor relations website.
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