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美国
证券交易委员会
华盛顿特区 20549  
_______________________

表格 10-Q
_______________________

☑    根据1934年证券交易法第13或15(d)条款的季度报告。
截至2024年6月30日季度结束 2024年9月30日
或
☐    根据1934年证券交易法第13或15(d)条款的过渡报告
过渡期从________到________

委员会档案编号 001-35761 
____________________
美国海岸保险公司
（根据其章程所指定的正式名称）
德拉瓦75-3241967
（注册地或其他司法管辖区）
或组织成立的州或其他司法管辖区)		(IRS雇主身份识别号码)
570 Carillon Parkway, Suite 10033716
圣彼得堡， 佛罗里达
(主要执行办公室地址)(邮递区号)
727-633-0851
(注册人电话号码，包括区号)
美国佛罗里达州圣彼得堡市第二大道800号，邮政编码33701
(如果自上次报告以来有更改，请提供前名称、前地址和前财政年度)
根据法案第12(b)条规定注册的证券：
每个班级的标题交易标的（s）注册的每个交易所的名称
普通股，每股面值$0.0001ACICNasdaq Stock Market LLC

请用勾划标示出是否公司：（1）过去12个月内已提交证券交易法 1934 年第 13条或 15(d)条要求提交的所有报告（或对于公司需要提交该报告的较短期间），以及（2）过去90天公司一直受到该提交要求的影响。Yes  ☑没有☐

请以核对标记表示，是否申报人在过去12个月内（或申报人根据需要提交此类文件的较短期间）已电子提交每一个应根据《S-t法规》第405条规定提交的互动式资料档。Yes  ☑没有☐

通过勾选标记指出注册人是大型加速申报器、加速申报器、非加速申报公司、较小的报告公司还是新兴成长公司。请参阅《交易法》第 120亿条第 2 条中的「大型加速申报公司」、「加速申报公司」、「较小的报告公司」和「新兴增长公司」的定义。
大型加速归档人☐加速归档人☑新兴成长型企业☐
非加速归档人☐小型报告公司☑
如果是新兴成长型公司，请勾选是否在根据《交易所法》第13(a)条提供的任何新的或修订的财务会计标准方面选择使用延长过渡期。 £
在核准书上打勾表示公司是否为壳公司（如交易所法规定的第1202条所定义）。 是☐否R
至2024年11月6日为止， 48,204,962 普通股的股份，面值每股$0.0001，已发行。

美国海岸保险公司
P第I部分. 财务资讯
项目1。基本报表
    简明合并资产负债表（未经审计）
    简明合并综合收益表（未经审计）
    简明合并股东权益（赤字）表（未经审计）
    简明合并现金流量表（未经审计）
    未经审计的简明合并基本报表附注
项目2。管理对财务状况和营运结果的讨论和分析
项目3. 市场风险的定量和定性披露
项目4. 内部控制和程序
第二部分。其他资讯
事项一：法律诉讼
第一项A. 风险因素
项目2.未注册的股权销售和资金用途。
项目3。对优先证券的违约。
项目4. 矿山安全披露
第五条 其他资讯
第6项。 附表
签名
 
在本季度报告10-Q表格（Form 10-Q）中，除了股份数量、每股金额、保单数量或其他更具体的语言或上下文指示不同的展示方式外，我们在所有表格中以千为单位显示数额。在本表格的叙述部分，我们显示的完整数值四舍五入到最接近的千位。
2
美国海岸保险公司
前瞻性声明

本10-Q表格包含1995年《私营证券诉讼改革法案》所指的「前瞻性声明」。这些前瞻性声明包括对预期收入增长、毛写保费、每股收益、估计未支付的保险政策损失、投资回报率以及关于我们的流动性、达成投资目标的能力、管理及减轻我们投资的市场风险的能力和我们作为持续经营实体的能力的期望的陈述。未限制上述一般性内容，像「可能」、「将」、「期望」、「努力」、「计划」、「相信」、「计划」、「预期」、「打算」、「可以」、「会」、「估计」或「继续」或其负面变体或可比术语的词语，旨在识别前瞻性声明。这些声明是基于我们运营的行业和市场的当前期望、估计和预测，以及管理层的信念和假设。前瞻性声明并不保证未来的业绩，并涉及某些已知和未知的风险和不确定性，这些风险和不确定性可能导致实际结果与这些声明所表达或暗示的结果有实质性差异。风险和不确定性包括，但不限于：

•我们对灾难性事件和严重气候条件的暴露；
•我们从事业务的州是佛罗里达州和纽约州，当前的监管、经济和天气条件。
•我们在培养和维护代理人关系方面的能力，特别是我们与AmRisc, LLC（AmRisc）的关系；
•实际索赔可能超过我们的索赔损失准备金的可能性；
•各政府机构收取的评估费用;
•我们能够实施并维持足够的财务报告内部控制的能力，包括我们能否补救现有的财务报告内部控制中存在的任何实质缺陷以及补救措施的时间，以及我们能否重新建立有效的财务报告内部控制和披露控制和程序的能力；
•我们在维护资讯科技和数据安防系统，以及外包关系方面的能力。
•我们对主要供应商关系的依赖，以及我们的供应商保护我们的客户、索赔人或员工的个人可识别信息的能力；
•我们吸引和留住高级管理人员的能力；
•与我们的合并、处置及其他策略性交易相关的风险和不确定性；
•与第三方共同拥有或管理投资所涉及的风险;
•我们有能力产生足够现金以支付所有债务并遵守与我们债务相关的契约和其他要求;
•our ability to maintain our market share;
•changes in the regulatory environment present in the states in which we operate;
•the impact of new federal or state regulations that affect the insurance industry;
•the cost, viability and availability of reinsurance;
•our ability to collect from our reinsurers or others on our reinsurance claims;
•dependence on investment income and the composition of our investment portfolio and related market risks;
•the possibility of the pricing and terms for our products to decline due to the historically cyclical nature of the property and casualty insurance and reinsurance industry;
•the outcome of litigation pending against us, including the terms of any settlements;
•downgrades in our financial strength or stability ratings;
•the impact of future transactions of substantial amounts of our common stock by us or our significant stockholders on our stock price;
•our ability to meet the standards for continued listing on Nasdaq;
•our ability to pay dividends in the future, which may be constrained by our holding company structure;
•the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends in the future, which may affect our liquidity and our ability to meet our obligations;
•the ability of R. Daniel Peed and his affiliates to exert significant control over us due to substantial ownership of our common stock, subject to certain restrictive covenants that may restrict our ability to pursue certain opportunities;
•the impact of transactions by R. Daniel Peed and his affiliates on the price of our common stock;
•provisions in our charter documents that may make it harder for others to obtain control of us; and
•other risks and uncertainties described in the section entitled "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and in Part II, Item 1A of this Form 10-Q.

We caution you not to rely on these forward-looking statements, which are valid only as of the date they were made. Except as may be required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information, the occurrence of unanticipated events or otherwise.
3
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
September 30,
2024		December 31, 2023
ASSETS 
Investments, at fair value:  
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale (amortized cost of $289,429 and $155,686, respectively)
$278,373 $138,387 
Equity securities25,950 — 
Other investments (amortized cost of $26,293 and $16,118, respectively)
26,392 16,487 
Total investments$330,715 $154,874 
  Cash and cash equivalents 183,147 138,930 
Restricted cash57,251 18,070 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$240,398 $157,000 
Accrued investment income3,359 1,767 
Property and equipment, net7,300 3,658 
Premiums receivable, net (credit allowance of $17 and $49, respectively)
18,630 45,924 
Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid losses, net (credit allowance of $39 and $97, respectively)
147,065 340,820 
Ceded unearned premiums199,426 155,301 
Goodwill59,476 59,476 
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net43,166 21,149 
Intangible assets, net6,518 8,548 
Other assets13,284 36,718 
Assets held for sale74,537 77,143 
Total Assets$1,143,874 $1,062,378 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities:
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses$173,322 $347,738 
Unearned premiums307,325 276,157 
Reinsurance payable on premiums122,597 — 
Payments outstanding4,479 706 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses75,525 74,783 
Operating lease liability23 739 
Other liabilities2,960 672 
Notes payable, net148,937 148,688 
Liabilities held for sale49,124 44,130 
Total Liabilities$884,292 $893,613 
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 11)
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding$— $— 
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 48,417,045 and 46,989,089 issued, respectively; 48,204,962 and 46,777,006 outstanding, respectively
5 5 
Additional paid-in capital437,241 423,717 
Treasury shares, at cost: 212,083 shares(431)(431)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(11,617)(17,137)
Retained earnings (deficit)(165,616)(237,389)
Total Stockholders' Equity$259,582 $168,765 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity$1,143,874 $1,062,378 
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
2024202320242023
REVENUE:
Gross premiums written$93,016 $93,986 $507,066 $507,449 
Change in gross unearned premiums67,162 63,791 (31,168)(61,860)
Gross premiums earned160,178 157,777 475,898 445,589 
Ceded premiums earned(85,692)(107,513)(275,400)(232,670)
Net premiums earned74,486 50,264 200,498 212,919 
Net investment income6,110 2,087 15,474 6,225 
Net realized investment income (losses)(3)4 (124)(6,787)
Net unrealized gains on equity securities1,543 177 1,542 792 
Total revenue82,136 52,532 217,390 213,149 
EXPENSES:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses11,774 9,822 39,525 39,968 
Policy acquisition costs20,942 13,606 44,476 62,298 
Operating expenses2,115 2,081 6,492 6,962 
General and administrative expenses8,174 6,011 26,987 21,036 
Interest expense3,067 2,718 9,212 8,156 
Total expenses 46,072 34,238 126,692 138,420 
Income before other income36,064 18,294 90,698 74,729 
Other income (loss)453 (237)2,074 1,157 
Income before income taxes36,517 18,057 92,772 75,886 
Provision for income taxes8,848 3,042 22,321 8,062 
Income from continuing operations, net of tax$27,669 $15,015 $70,451 $67,824 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax450 (4,447)321 227,803 
Net income28,119 10,568 $70,772 $295,627 
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:
Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investments7,529 (2,761)7,404 (698)
Reclassification adjustment for net realized investment losses (gains)3 (2)124 6,806 
Income tax benefit related to items of other comprehensive income (loss)— — — — 
Total comprehensive income$35,651 $7,805 $78,300 $301,735 
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic48,066,358 43,301,388 47,742,744 43,220,084 
Diluted49,521,246 44,142,693 49,255,071 43,888,665 
Earnings available to ACIC common stockholders per share
Basic
Continuing operations$0.58 $0.34 $1.48 $1.57 
Discontinued operations0.01 (0.10)0.01 5.27 
Total$0.59 $0.24 $1.49 $6.84 
Diluted
Continuing operations$0.56 $0.34 $1.43 $1.54 
Discontinued operations0.01 (0.10)0.01 5.19 
Total$0.57 $0.24 $1.44 $6.73 
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended
(Unaudited)
Common StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalTreasury StockAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossRetained Earnings (Deficit)Stockholders' Equity Attributable to ACIC
Number of SharesDollars
June 30, 202343,406,486 $4 $396,136 $(431)$(21,072)$(262,241)$112,396 
Net income— — — — — 10,568 10,568 
Other comprehensive loss, net— — — — (2,763)— (2,763)
Stock Compensation— — 410 — — — 410 
Issuance of common stock5,200 — 38 — — — 38 
September 30, 202343,411,686 $4 $396,584 $(431)$(23,835)$(251,673)$120,649 

Common StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalTreasury StockAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossRetained Earnings (Deficit)Stockholders' Equity Attributable to ACIC
Number of SharesDollars
June 30, 202448,132,370 $5 $436,383 $(431)$(19,149)$(193,735)$223,073 
Net Income— — — — — 28,119 28,119 
Other comprehensive income, net— — — — 7,532 — 7,532 
Stock Compensation12,592 — 694 — — — 694 
Issuance of common stock, including exercise of stock options60,000 — 164 — — — 164 
September 30, 202448,204,962 $5 $437,241 $(431)$(11,617)$(165,616)$259,582 

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


6
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Nine Months Ended
(Unaudited)
Common StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalTreasury StockAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossRetained Earnings (Deficit)Total
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Number of SharesDollars
December 31, 202243,280,173 $4 $395,631 $(431)$(30,947)$(546,296)$(182,039)
Net income— — — — — 295,627 295,627 
Other comprehensive income, net— — — — 6,108 — 6,108 
Impact of Deconsolidation of Discontinued Operations— — — — 1,004 (1,004)— 
Stock Compensation126,313 — 915 — — — 915 
Issuance of common stock5,200 38 38 
September 30, 202343,411,686 $4 $396,584 $(431)$(23,835)$(251,673)$120,649 


Common StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalTreasury StockAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossRetained Earnings (Deficit)Total
Stockholders' Equity
Number of SharesDollars
December 31, 202346,777,006 $5 $423,717 $(431)$(17,137)$(237,389)$168,765 
Net Income— — — — — 70,772 70,772 
Other comprehensive income, net— — — — 7,528 — 7,528 
Stock Compensation332,956 — 1,903 — — — 1,903 
Issuance of common stock, including exercise of stock options1,095,000 — 11,621 — — — 11,621 
Impact of Deconsolidation of Discontinued Operations— — — — (2,008)1,001 (1,007)
September 30, 202448,204,962 $5 $437,241 $(431)$(11,617)$(165,616)$259,582 

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income$70,772 $295,627 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization6,614 6,391 
Bond amortization and accretion553 759 
Net realized losses on investments190 5,464 
Net unrealized gains on equity securities(1,542)(2,871)
Provision for uncollectable premiums32 11 
Provision for uncollectable reinsurance recoverables58 226 
Deferred income taxes, net(2,558)13,344 
Stock based compensation1,903 915 
Gain on sale of property and equipment— (588)
Fixed asset disposal129 1,147 
Gain on disposition of former subsidiary(1,007)(238,440)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accrued investment income(1,579)647 
Premiums receivable26,425 40,851 
Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid losses193,719 633,895 
Ceded unearned premiums(45,792)(103,504)
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net(22,067)30,170 
Other assets26,368 (53,938)
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses(175,543)(583,101)
Unearned premiums35,857 (121,742)
Reinsurance payable on premiums124,656 (43,321)
Payments outstanding4,707 (59,183)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses999 13,422 
Operating lease liability(739)(748)
Other liabilities(248)(20,322)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$241,907 $(184,889)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from sales, maturities and repayments of:
Fixed maturities12,687 234,403 
Equity securities— 40,436 
Other investments12,111 2,397 
Purchases of:
Fixed maturities(140,667)(11,786)
Equity securities(23,995)(79)
Other investments(23,029)(1,494)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment— 629 
Cost of property, equipment and capitalized software acquired(11)(196)
Disposition of cash on divestiture of subsidiary— (232,582)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities$(162,904)$31,728 
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, including exercise of stock options$11,621 $38 
Net cash provided by financing activities$11,621 $38 
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, including cash classified as assets held for sale90,624 (153,123)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period171,832 283,611 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted at end of period$262,456 $130,488 
Supplemental Cash Flows Information
Interest paid$5,438 $5,438 
Income taxes refunded$(6,564)$(10,591)
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
8
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024

1)    ORGANIZATION, CONSOLIDATION AND PRESENTATION

(a)Business

American Coastal Insurance Corporation (referred to in this document as we, our, us, the Company or ACIC) is a property and casualty insurance holding company that sources, writes and services residential commercial and personal property and casualty insurance policies using a network of agents and two wholly-owned insurance subsidiaries. On July 10, 2023, we changed our corporate name from United Insurance Holdings Corp. to American Coastal Insurance Corporation. Our two insurance subsidiaries are Interboro Insurance Company (IIC), acquired via acquisition on April 29, 2016; and American Coastal Insurance Company (AmCoastal), acquired via merger on April 3, 2017.

Our other subsidiaries include United Insurance Management, L.C. (UIM), a managing general agent; Skyway Claims Services, LLC (SCS), which provides claims adjusting services to our insurance companies; AmCo Holding Company, LLC (AmCo) which is a holding company subsidiary that consolidates its respective insurance company; BlueLine Cayman Holdings (BlueLine), which reinsures portfolios of excess and surplus policies; UPC Re, which provides a portion of the reinsurance protection purchased by our insurance subsidiaries when needed; Skyway Reinsurance Services, LLC, which provides reinsurance brokerage services for our insurance companies; Skyway Legal Services, LLC (SLS), which provides claims litigation services to our insurance companies; and Skyway Underwriters, LLC, a managing general agent that provides technological and distribution services to our insurance companies.

On May 9, 2024, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Sale Agreement") with Forza Insurance Holdings, LLC (Forza) in which ACIC will sell and Forza will acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of IIC. The aggregate purchase price for the shares will be equal to IIC's GAAP shareholders' equity on the closing date. Closing is subject to customary closing conditions, including New York Department of Financial Services (NYDFS) approval of Forza's application for acquisition of control, and NYDFS approval of a new rate and form filing. As a result, IIC results of operations and assets and liabilities are captured within discontinued operations and are discussed in Note 3 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements below.

On February 27, 2023, our former insurance subsidiary, United Property & Casualty Insurance Company (UPC) was placed into receivership with the Florida Department of Financial Services (DFS), which divested our ownership of UPC. The events leading to receivership and results of this subsidiary, now included within discontinued operations, are discussed in Note 3 below.

Our primary products are commercial and homeowners' residential property insurance. We currently offer commercial residential insurance in Florida and personal residential insurance in New York. As a result of the Sale Agreement described above and resulting in classification of IIC as discontinued operations, the remaining activity captured within continuing operations supports only our commercial residential insurance offerings. Given this fact pattern, as of September 30, 2024, we conduct our operations under one reportable segment. Our chief operating decision maker is our President.

(b)Consolidation and Presentation

We prepare our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). We have condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with GAAP. In management's opinion, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring items, considered necessary for a fair presentation of interim periods. We include all of our subsidiaries in our consolidated financial statements, eliminating intercompany balances and transactions during consolidation. As described in Note 3, our subsidiary, IIC, and our former subsidiary, UPC, and activities related directly to supporting the business conducted by UPC qualified as discontinued operations. Our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and footnotes should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and footnotes in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

While preparing our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, we make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. Reported amounts that require us to make extensive use of estimates include our reserves for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, investments and goodwill. Except for the
9
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
captions on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, we generally use the term loss(es) to collectively refer to both loss and loss adjustment expenses.

Our results of operations and our cash flows as of the end of the interim periods reported herein do not necessarily indicate our results for the remainder of the year or for any other future period.

2)    SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

(a) Changes to Significant Accounting Policies

As described in Note 1, during the second quarter of 2024, the Company entered into the Sale Agreement with Forza in which ACIC will sell and Forza will acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of IIC. The activities related directly to supporting the business conducted by IIC were evaluated for qualification as discontinued operations. The results of operations of business are reported as discontinued operations when the disposal represents a strategic shift that will have a major effect on the entity's operations and financial results. When a business is identified for discontinued operations reporting:

•Results for prior periods are retroactively reclassified as discontinued operations;
•Results of operations are reported in a single line, net of tax, in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; and
•Assets and liabilities are reported as held for disposal in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Additional details by major classification of operating results and financial position are included in Note 3.

There have been no other changes to our significant accounting policies as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

(b) Pending Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) Improvements to Reportable Segments Disclosures. This update requires the disclosure of significant segment expenses that are part of an entity’s segment measure of profit or loss and regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. In addition, it adds or makes clarifications to other segment-related disclosures, such as clarifying that the disclosure requirements in ASC 280 are required for entities with a single reportable segment and that an entity may disclose multiple measures of segment profit and loss. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. We do not intend to elect to early adopt and are assessing the impact of adopting this new accounting standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This update amends the Codification to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. This ASU requires additional disaggregation of the reconciliation between the statutory and effective tax rate for an entity and of income taxes paid, both of which are disclosures required by current GAAP. The amendments improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. We do not intend to elect to early adopt and are assessing the impact of adopting this new accounting standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

3)    DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

On May 9, 2024, the Company entered into the Sale Agreement with Forza in which ACIC will sell and Forza will acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of IIC. The aggregate purchase price for the shares will be equal to IIC's GAAP shareholders' equity on the closing date. Closing is subject to customary closing conditions, including NYDFS approval of Forza's application for acquisition of control, and NYDFS approval of a new rate and form filing.





10
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024

The results from IIC's discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are presented below.

IIC Results from Discontinued Operations
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
REVENUE:
Gross premiums written$12,402 $9,886 $31,261 $27,431 
Change in gross unearned premiums(3,140)(1,903)(4,689)(4,585)
Gross premiums earned9,262 7,983 26,572 22,846 
Ceded premiums earned(2,256)(2,439)(7,025)(9,464)
Net premiums earned7,006 5,544 19,547 13,382 
Net investment income539 622 1,563 1,765 
Net realized investment losses(13)(2)(66)(19)
Other revenue18 18 49 52 
Total revenue7,550 6,182 21,093 15,180 
EXPENSES:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses4,448 3,942 13,767 11,123 
Policy acquisition costs2,052 1,994 6,234 5,819 
Operating expenses328 718 1,091 1,279 
General and administrative expenses126 120 918 471 
Total expenses6,954 6,774 22,010 18,692 
Income (loss) before other income596 (592)(917)(3,512)
Other income— 11 — 11 
Income (loss) before income taxes596 (581)(917)(3,501)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (1)
146 61 (1,238)(769)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax$450 $(642)$321 $(2,732)
(1) 2024 year-to-date results include $1,007,000 in tax benefit related to discontinued operations outside of IIC stand-alone results.






















11
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024

The major classes of IIC assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are presented below.

IIC Major Classes of Assets and Liabilities to be Sold
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
ASSETS
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$36,726 $42,316 
Other investments969 — 
Cash and cash equivalents22,058 14,832 
Accrued investment income324 337 
Premiums receivable, net2,186 1,350 
Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid losses, net260 282 
Ceded unearned premiums5,514 3,846 
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net3,942 3,892 
Intangible assets, net775 775 
Other assets1,783 1,418 
Total assets$74,537 $69,048 
LIABILITIES
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses$21,356 $22,483 
Unearned premiums21,589 16,900 
Reinsurance payable on premiums2,376 2,312 
Payments outstanding2,344 1,410 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses757 501 
Operating lease liability13 37 
Other liabilities689 487 
Total Liabilities$49,124 $44,130 

On August 25, 2022, we announced that our former subsidiary, UPC, had filed plans for withdrawal in the states of Florida, Louisiana, and Texas and intended to file a plan for withdrawal in the state of New York. All filed plans entailed non-renewing personal lines policies in these states. Additionally, we announced that Demotech, an insurance rating agency, notified UPC of its intent to withdraw UPC's Financial Stability Rating. On December 5, 2022, the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation issued Consent Order No. 303643-22- CO that provided for the administrative supervision and approval of the plan of run-off for UPC (the "Consent Order"). The Consent Order provided formal approval of UPC's Plan of Run-Off (the "Plan") to facilitate a solvent wind down of its affairs in an orderly fashion. On February 10, 2023, we announced that a solvent run-off of UPC was unlikely, driven by Hurricane Ian losses which exhausted UPC's reinsurance coverage. On February 27, 2023, UPC was placed into receivership with the DFS which divested our ownership of UPC.

In the first quarter of 2023, the assets and liabilities of UPC were divested. In addition, activities provided by our entities, SCS, SLS and UIM, related directly to supporting the business conducted by UPC were included. The remaining assets for the balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 are presented as held for disposal, and the results of UPC and activities related directly to supporting the business conducted by UPC are presented as discontinued operations for all periods.








12
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024


The results from UPC's discontinued operations, including the supporting activities provided by SCS, SLS and UIM for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are presented below.

UPC Results from Discontinued Operations
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
REVENUE:
Gross premiums written$— $— $— $(120,608)
Change in gross unearned premiums— — — 198,154 
Gross premiums earned— — — 77,546 
Ceded premiums earned— — — (48,203)
Net premiums earned— — — 29,343 
Net investment income— — — 2,182 
Net realized investment gains— — — 1,343 
Net unrealized gains on equity securities— — — 2,080 
Other revenue— — — 2,717 
Total revenue— — — 37,665 
EXPENSES:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses— 851 — 37,268 
Policy acquisition costs— — — (1,522)
Operating expenses— 153 — 4,656 
General and administrative expenses— 2,872 — 5,431 
Interest expense— — — 22 
Total expenses— 3,876 — 45,855 
Loss before income taxes— (3,876)— (8,190)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes— (71)— (285)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax$— $(3,805)$— $(7,905)


As of February 28, 2023, the Company completed the disposal of its former subsidiary, UPC. This divestiture resulted in a gain of $238,440,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This gain was driven by the negative equity position of UPC prior to the divestiture.


















13
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024

The major classes of assets and liabilities transferred as a result of the UPC transaction as of the date of transfer are presented below.

UPC Major Classes of Assets and Liabilities Disposed
Closing (1)
ASSETS
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale$1,380 
Equity securities272 
Other investments12,882 
Cash and cash equivalents224,824 
Restricted cash7,758 
Accrued investment income875 
Premiums receivable, net22,733 
Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid losses, net548,929 
Ceded unearned premiums75,262 
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net(89)
Other assets51,625 
Total assets$946,451 
LIABILITIES
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses$920,431 
Unearned premiums98,655 
Reinsurance payable on premiums12,612 
Payments outstanding144,238 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses1,361 
Other liabilities3,476 
Notes payable, net4,118 
Total Liabilities$1,184,891 
(1) The Company divested its ownership on February 27, 2023, the date the DFS was appointed as receiver of the entity.

During the first quarter of 2024, due to a change in circumstances, the Company evaluated its capitalized software, previously classified as held for disposal at December 31, 2023. As a result of this evaluation, it was determined that the use case of the software by the Company has shifted. The Company has reclassified this asset and the associated amortization expense in the current period presented within this footnote in accordance with GAAP guidance, resulting in amortization expense for the capitalized software being captured in continuing operations prospectively. Property and equipment of $8,095,000 at December 31, 2023 was also reclassed at March 31, 2024, before current quarter amortization.

In addition to the item related to capitalized software noted above, there were no non-cash transactions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, amortization attributed to discontinued operations totaled $2,141,000 and $2,680,000, respectively.








14
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
4)    INVESTMENTS

The following table details fixed-maturity available-for-sale securities, by major investment category, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
Cost or Adjusted/Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
September 30, 2024
U.S. government and agency securities$156,119 $1,602 $— $157,721 
Foreign government438 1 — 439 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions18,386 9 1,597 16,798 
Public utilities5,061 4 301 4,764 
Corporate securities62,090 26 5,294 56,822 
Mortgage-backed securities37,199 — 4,709 32,490 
Asset-backed securities10,136 1 798 9,339 
Total fixed maturities$289,429 $1,643 $12,699 $278,373 
December 31, 2023
U.S. government and agency securities$25,995 $10 $3 $26,002 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions19,168 — 2,204 16,964 
Public utilities3,726 — 438 3,288 
Corporate securities55,230 9 7,213 48,026 
Mortgage-backed securities40,876 — 6,254 34,622 
Asset-backed securities10,691 — 1,206 9,485 
Total fixed maturities$155,686 $19 $17,318 $138,387 


Equity securities are summarized as follows:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Estimated Fair ValuePercent of TotalEstimated Fair ValuePercent of Total
Mutual funds$25,950 100.0 %$— — %




















15
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024

When the Company sells investments, the Company calculates the gain or loss realized on the sale by comparing the sales price (fair value) to the cost or adjusted/amortized cost of the security sold. We determine the cost or adjusted/amortized cost of the security sold using the specific-identification method. The following table details our realized gains (losses) by major investment category for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively:
20242023
Gains
(Losses)
Fair Value at Sale(1)
Gains
(Losses)
Fair Value at Sale(1)
Three Months Ended September 30,
Fixed maturities$— $2,516 $— $1,528 
Short-term investments
— 5,000 — — 
Other investments— — 3 1,151 
Total realized gains— 7,516 3 2,679 
Fixed maturities(3)62 1 58 
Total realized losses(3)62 1 58 
Net realized investment gains (losses)$(3)$7,578 $4 $2,737 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
Fixed maturities$— $5,593 $4 $5,200 
Equity securities— — 165 5,786 
Short-term investments
— 5,000 — 126 
Other investments— 2,000 3 1,151 
Total realized gains— 12,593 172 12,263 
Fixed maturities(124)443 (6,294)38,793 
Equity securities— — (665)10,372 
Short-term investments
— 4,999 — — 
Total realized losses(124)5,442 (6,959)49,165 
Net realized investment gains (losses)$(124)$18,035 $(6,787)$61,428 
(1) Fair value at sale includes maturities and paydowns executed at par value.

The table below summarizes our fixed maturities at September 30, 2024 by contractual maturity period. Actual results may differ, as issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations, with or without penalties, prior to the contractual maturities of those obligations.

September 30, 2024
Cost or Amortized CostPercent of TotalFair ValuePercent of Total
Due in one year or less$103,910 35.8 %$104,436 37.5 %
Due after one year through five years98,265 34.0 97,124 34.9 
Due after five years through ten years37,924 13.1 33,383 12.0 
Due after ten years1,995 0.7 1,601 0.6 
Asset and mortgage-backed securities47,335 16.4 41,829 15.0 
Total$289,429 100.0 %$278,373 100.0 %




The following table summarizes net investment income by major investment category:

16
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Fixed maturities$2,513 $691 $4,499 $2,352 
Equity securities120 — 185 81 
Cash and cash equivalents3,236 1,473 10,332 4,055 
Other investments353 (33)648 (111)
Investment income6,222 2,131 15,664 6,377 
Investment expenses(112)(44)(190)(152)
Net investment income$6,110 $2,087 $15,474 $6,225 

Portfolio Monitoring

We have a quarterly portfolio monitoring process to identify and evaluate each fixed-income security whose carrying value may be impaired as a result of a credit loss. For each fixed-income security in an unrealized loss position, if we determine that we intend to sell the security or that it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of the cost or amortized cost basis for reasons such as liquidity needs, contractual or regulatory requirements, the security's entire decline in fair value is recorded in earnings.

If management decides not to sell the fixed-income security and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell the fixed-income security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, we evaluate whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. This is typically indicated by a change in the rating of the security assigned by a rating agency, and any adverse conditions specifically related to the security or industry, among other factors. If the assessment indicates that a credit loss may exist, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security is compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses will be recorded in earnings. Credit loss is limited to the difference between a security's amortized cost basis and its fair value. Any additional impairment not recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive loss.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we determined that none of our fixed-income securities shown in the table below that are in an unrealized loss position have declines in fair value that are reflected as a result of credit losses. Therefore, no credit loss allowance was recorded at September 30, 2024. The issuers of our debt security investments continue to make interest payments on a timely basis. We do not intend to sell, nor is it likely that we would be required to sell the debt securities before we recover our amortized cost basis. Equity securities are reported at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in the valuation of equity investments.




















The following table presents an aging of our unrealized investment losses by investment class:

17
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
Less Than Twelve MonthsTwelve Months or More
Number of Securities(1)
Gross Unrealized LossesFair Value
Number of Securities(1)
Gross Unrealized LossesFair Value
September 30, 2024 
U.S. government and agency securities— $— $— — $— $— 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions— — — 28 1,597 16,277 
Public utilities2 5 529 6 296 3,392 
Corporate securities19 41 7,149 81 5,253 47,129 
Mortgage-backed securities1 1 259 63 4,708 32,231 
Asset-backed securities1 — 126 23 798 8,462 
Total fixed maturities23 $47 $8,063 201 $12,652 $107,491 
December 31, 2023
U.S. government and agency securities9 $3 $19,943 — $— $— 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions1 7 507 29 2,197 16,457 
Public utilities— — — 6 438 3,288 
Corporate securities1 6 511 85 7,207 46,708 
Mortgage-backed securities1 5 269 69 6,249 34,353 
Asset-backed securities2 3 616 24 1,203 8,869 
Total fixed maturities14 $24 $21,846 213 $17,294 $109,675 
(1) This amount represents the actual number of discrete securities, not the number of shares or units of those securities. The numbers are not presented in thousands.


Fair Value Measurement

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The hierarchy for inputs used in determining fair value maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Assets and liabilities recorded on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value are categorized in the fair value hierarchy based on the observability of inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:

Level 1: Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that we can access.

Level 2: Assets and liabilities whose values are based on the following:
    (a) Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
    (b) Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or
(c) Valuation models whose inputs are observable, directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3: Assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. Unobservable inputs reflect our estimates of the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the assets and liabilities.

We estimate the fair value of our investments using the closing prices on the last business day of the reporting period, obtained from active markets such as the NYSE, Nasdaq and NYSE American. For securities for which quoted prices in active markets are unavailable, we use a third-party pricing service that utilizes quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments, benchmark interest rates, broker quotes and other relevant inputs to estimate the fair value of those securities for which quoted prices are unavailable. Our estimates of fair value reflect the interest rate environment that existed as of the close of business on September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Changes in interest rates subsequent to September 30, 2024 may affect the fair value of our investments.
18
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024

The fair value of our fixed maturities is initially calculated by a third-party pricing service. Valuation service providers typically obtain data about market transactions and other key valuation model inputs from multiple sources and, through the use of proprietary models, produce valuation information in the form of a single fair value for individual fixed-income and other securities for which a fair value has been requested. The inputs used by the valuation service providers include, but are not limited to, market prices from recently completed transactions and transactions of comparable securities, interest rate yield curves, credit spreads, liquidity spreads, currency rates and other information, as applicable. Credit and liquidity spreads are typically implied from completed transactions and transactions of comparable securities. Valuation service providers also use proprietary discounted cash flow models that are widely accepted in the financial services industry and similar to those used by other market participants to value the same financial information. The valuation models take into account, among other things, market observable information as of the measurement date, as described above, as well as the specific attributes of the security being valued, including its term, interest rate, credit rating, industry sector and, where applicable, collateral quality and other issue or issuer specific information. Executing valuation models effectively requires seasoned professional judgment and experience.

Any change in the estimated fair value of our fixed-income securities would impact the amount of unrealized gain or loss we have recorded, which could change the amount we have recorded for our investments and other comprehensive loss on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024.

The following table presents the fair value of our financial instruments measured on a recurring basis by level at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively:

TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
September 30, 2024
U.S. government and agency securities$157,721 $— $157,721 $— 
Foreign government439 — 439 — 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions16,798 — 16,798 — 
Public utilities4,764 — 4,764 — 
Corporate securities56,822 — 56,822 — 
Mortgage-backed securities32,490 — 32,490 — 
Asset-backed securities9,339 — 9,339 — 
Total fixed maturities278,373 — 278,373 — 
Mutual funds25,950 25,950 — — 
Total equity securities25,950 25,950 — — 
Other investments (1)
24,433 — 24,433 — 
Total investments$328,756 $25,950 $302,806 $— 
December 31, 2023
U.S. government and agency securities$26,002 $— $26,002 $— 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions16,964 — 16,964 — 
Public utilities3,288 — 3,288 — 
Corporate securities48,026 — 48,026 — 
Mortgage-backed securities34,622 — 34,622 — 
Asset-backed securities9,485 — 9,485 — 
Total fixed maturities138,387 — 138,387 — 
Other investments (1)
14,004 — 14,004 — 
Total investments$152,391 $— $152,391 $— 
(1) Other investments included in the fair value hierarchy exclude these limited partnership interests that are measured at estimated fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient.


Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis; this is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for
19
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
example, when there is evidence of impairment). There were no financial instruments measured on a non-recurring basis at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The carrying amounts for the following financial instrument categories approximate their fair values at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, because of their short-term nature: cash and cash equivalents, accrued investment income, premiums receivable, reinsurance recoverable, reinsurance payable, other assets, and other liabilities. The carrying amount of our senior notes approximate fair value as the interest rates and terms are variable.

We are responsible for the determination of fair value and the supporting assumptions and methodologies. We have implemented a system of processes and controls designed to provide assurance that our assets and liabilities are appropriately valued. For fair values received from third parties, our processes are designed to provide assurance that the valuation methodologies and inputs are appropriate and consistently applied, the assumptions are reasonable and consistent with the objective of determining fair value, and the fair values are accurately recorded.

At the end of each quarter, we determine whether we need to transfer the fair values of any securities between levels of the fair value hierarchy and, if so, we report the transfer as of the end of the quarter. During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, we transferred no investments between levels.

For our investments in U.S. government securities that do not have prices in active markets, agency securities, state and municipal governments, and corporate bonds, we obtain the fair values from our investment custodians, which use a third-party valuation service. The valuation service calculates prices for our investments in the aforementioned security types on a month-end basis by using several matrix-pricing methodologies that incorporate inputs from various sources. The model the valuation service uses to price U.S. government securities and securities of states and municipalities incorporates inputs from active market makers and inter-dealer brokers. To price corporate bonds and agency securities, the valuation service calculates non-call yield spreads on all issuers, uses option-adjusted yield spreads to account for any early redemption features, and adds final spreads to the U.S. Treasury curve at 3 p.m. (ET) as of quarter end. Since the inputs the valuation service uses in its calculations are not quoted prices in active markets, but are observable inputs, they represent Level 2 inputs.

Other Investments

We acquired investments in limited partnerships, recorded in the other investments line of our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and these investments are currently being measured at estimated fair value utilizing a net asset value per share practical expedient.

The information presented in the table below is as of September 30, 2024:

Book ValueUnrealized GainUnrealized LossFair Value
September 30, 2024
Limited partnership investments (1)
$1,992 $170 $203 $1,959 
 Short-term investments
24,301 132 — 24,433 
Total other investments$26,293 $302 $203 $26,392 
(1) Distributions will be generated from investment gains, from operating income, from underlying investments of funds, and from liquidation of the underlying assets of the funds. We estimate that the underlying assets of the funds will be liquidated over the next few months to five years.

Restricted Cash

We are required to maintain assets on deposit with various regulatory authorities to support our insurance operations. The cash on deposit with state regulators is available to settle insurance liabilities. We also use trust funds in certain reinsurance transactions.




The following table presents the components of restricted assets:
20
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Trust funds$56,910 $17,439 
Cash on deposit (regulatory deposits)341 631 
Total restricted cash$57,251 $18,070 


5)    EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS)

Basic EPS is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, excluding any dilutive common share equivalents. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution resulting from the vesting of outstanding restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, performance stock units and stock options. The following table shows the computation of basic and diluted EPS for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Numerator:
Net income attributable to ACIC common stockholders$28,119 $10,568 $70,772 $295,627 
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding48,066,358 43,301,388 47,742,744 43,220,084 
Effect of dilutive securities1,454,888 841,305 1,512,327 668,581 
Weighted-average diluted shares49,521,246 44,142,693 49,255,071 43,888,665 
Earnings available to ACIC common stockholders per share
Basic
$0.59 $0.24 $1.49 $6.84 
Diluted
$0.57 $0.24 $1.44 $6.73 

See Note 16 of these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the stock grants related to dilutive securities.


6)    PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net consists of the following:
September 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Computer hardware and software$15,282 $7,925 
Office furniture and equipment688 748 
Leasehold improvements— 311 
Total, at cost15,970 8,984 
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization(8,670)(5,326)
Property and equipment, net$7,300 $3,658 


Depreciation and amortization expense under property and equipment was $1,218,000 and $3,744,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. During the first quarter of 2024, we moved capitalized software from discontinued operations to continuing operations to align with the Company's use of the system in the current year. Please see Note 3 for more detail. Depreciation and amortization expense under property and equipment was $296,000 and $1,026,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we
21
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
disposed of leasehold improvements totaling $311,000. The accumulated depreciation on these improvements totaled $232,000 at the time of disposal. We disposed of computer hardware and software totaling $147,000. The accumulated depreciation on these systems totaled $98,000 at the time of disposal. In addition, we disposed of office furniture totaling $72,000. The accumulated depreciation on the office furniture totaled $69,000 at the time of disposal. We also impaired software totaling $591,000, due to lower expected cash flows over the remaining life of the software. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we sold leased vehicles totaling $1,069,000. The accumulated depreciation on these vehicles totaled $1,038,000 at the time of disposal. We realized a net gain on this disposal of $559,000. We disposed of computer hardware and software totaling $1,061,000. The accumulated depreciation on these systems totaled $379,000 at the time of disposal. In addition, we disposed of office furniture totaling $749,000 during the period. Accumulated depreciation at the time of this disposal totaled $702,000. These gains (losses), and the impairment described above are reflected within "Other income" on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

7) GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

The carrying amount of goodwill at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $59,476,000.

No impairment in the value of goodwill was recognized during the nine month period ended September 30, 2024.

There was no goodwill acquired or disposed of during the nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Accumulated impairment related to goodwill was $10,156,000 at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Accumulated impairment is attributed to IIC.

Intangible Assets

The following is a summary of intangible assets excluding goodwill recorded as intangible assets on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Intangible assets subject to amortization$6,095 $8,125 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets(1)
423 423 
Total$6,518 $8,548 
(1) Indefinite-lived intangible assets are comprised of state insurance and agent licenses, as well as perpetual software licenses.


Intangible assets subject to amortization consisted of the following:
Weighted-average remaining amortization period (in years)Gross carrying amountAccumulated amortizationNet carrying amount
September 30, 2024
Agency agreements acquired2.534,661 (28,566)6,095 
Trade names acquired—6,381 (6,381)— 
Total$41,042 $(34,947)$6,095 
December 31, 2023
Agency agreements acquired3.334,661 (26,738)7,923 
Trade names acquired0.36,381 (6,179)202 
Total$41,042 $(32,917)$8,125 

No impairment in the value of amortizing or non-amortizing intangible assets was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. However, during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we disposed of intangible assets totaling $200,000.
22
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024

Amortization expense of our intangible assets was $610,000 and $812,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense of our intangible assets was $2,030,000 and $2,436,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.


Estimated amortization expense of our intangible assets to be recognized by the Company during the remainder of 2024 and over the next five years is as follows:
Year ending December 31,Estimated Amortization Expense
Remaining in 2024
$611 
20252,438 
20262,438 
2027608 
2028— 
2029— 

8)    REINSURANCE

Our catastrophe reinsurance programs are designed primarily by utilizing third-party catastrophe modeling software and consulting with third-party reinsurance experts to project our exposure to catastrophe events. We evaluate modeled expected losses developed by the catastrophe modeling software using our risk portfolio data to estimate probable maximum losses ("PML") across multiple return periods and the average annual loss. The Company monitors and manages its catastrophe risk using this model output along with other internal and external data sources, such as our historical loss experience and industry loss experience, to develop our view of catastrophe risk.

Our catastrophe reinsurance coverage consists of three separate placements:

1.AmCoastal’s core catastrophe reinsurance program in effect June 1 through May 31, annually, which includes excess of loss and quota share treaties providing coverage for catastrophe losses from named or numbered windstorms;

2.AmCoastal’s all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement in effect January 1 through December 31, annually, which provides protection from catastrophe loss events other than named or numbered windstorms and earthquakes; and

3.IIC’s core catastrophe reinsurance program in effect June 1 through May 31, annually, which provides protection from all catastrophe losses.

This reinsurance protection is an essential part of our catastrophe risk management strategy. It is intended to provide our stockholders with an acceptable return on the risks assumed by our insurance entities, and to reduce the variability of earnings, while providing surplus protection. Although reinsurance agreements contractually obligate our reinsurers to reimburse us for the agreed-upon portion of our gross paid losses, they do not discharge our primary liability. In the event one or more of our reinsurers fail to fulfill their obligation, the surplus of our statutory entities may decline, and we may not be able to fulfill our obligation to policyholders, or we may not be able to maintain compliance with various regulatory financial requirements. Additionally, we face the risk that actual losses incurred from one or more catastrophic events may be above the modeled expected loss, resulting in losses exceeding our reinsurance coverage, which may result in a decline in surplus, and as a result we may not be able to fulfill our obligations to policyholders, or we may not be able to maintain compliance with various regulatory financial requirements. The details of our programs and the likelihood of a catastrophic event exceeding these three coverages are outlined below.

AmCoastal’s core catastrophe reinsurance program provides occurrence-based coverage up to an exhaustion point of approximately $1,260,000,000 for a first occurrence and $1,610,000,000 in the aggregate. Under this program, our GAAP retention on a first event is $20,500,000 ($10,000,000 retained by AmCoastal under statutory accounting principals (STAT retained), $10,500,000 retained separately by our captive). We have purchased second and third event retrocession coverage, reducing our second and third event GAAP retentions to $13,000,000 ($10,000,000 STAT retained by AmCoastal, $3,000,000
23
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
retained separately by our captive). AmCoastal’s program provides sufficient coverage for approximately a 1-in-206-year return period, indicating that the probability of a single occurrence exceeding protection purchased is roughly 0.5% estimated by equally blending the AIR and RMS catastrophe models using long-term catalogs including demand surge. AmCoastal’s program also provides sufficient coverage for a 1-in-100-year event followed by a 1-in-50-year event in the same treaty year, the probability of which is less than 0.1%. While we believe these catastrophe models are very good tools and their output provides reasonable proxies for the probability of exhausting our reinsurance protections, they are imperfect, so actual results could vary dramatically from those expected.

AmCoastal’s all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement provides protection from catastrophe loss events other than named windstorms and earthquakes up to $172,000,000 in the aggregate. This agreement provides sufficient coverage for a 1-in-450-year return period, indicating that the probability of a single occurrence exceeding protection purchased is no more than 0.2%.

IIC’s core catastrophe reinsurance program, which is reported under discontinued operations, provides coverage up to an exhaustion point of approximately $82,500,000 in the aggregate, with a retention of $2,500,000 per occurrence. Based on IIC’s PML, the program provides sufficient coverage for two 1-in-130-year events in the same season, indicating the probability of a single occurrence exceeding protection purchased is no more than 0.1%.

Effective December 15, 2023, we agreed to commute a private reinsurer’s share of core catastrophe reinsurance coverage and replace this gap in coverage with new coverage provided by one of our other private reinsurers. This transaction resulted in additional expense of approximately $6,300,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023, and a reduction in expense of approximately $6,300,000 and $15,700,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively.

Where we think prudent, particularly where premium rates are high relative to the risk, we retain risk whereby AmCoastal purchases reinsurance from UPC Re, our captive reinsurance entity. UPC Re participates on AmCoastal's all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement and AmCoastal's excess per risk agreement. In addition, UPC Re participates in a 30% quota share agreement with AmCoastal, which provides coverage for all catastrophe perils as well as attritional losses incurred. The table below outlines the participation of UPC Re for each program, including premium received and capital at risk.

TreatyEffective DatesPremium Collected /
Cession Rate
Capital at Risk (1)
All Other Perils Catastrophe
Excess of Loss Agreement		01/01/2024 - 01/01/2025—$4,500,000
Excess Per Risk Agreement02/01/2024 - 02/01/2025$1,867,000$633,000
Quota Share Agreement06/01/2024 - 06/01/2026
30% (2)
$4,200,000 (3)
(1) Capital at risk is calculated by taking the aggregate losses UPC Re is subject to under the contract, less net premiums earned under the contract.
(2) This treaty provides or provided coverage for all catastrophe perils and attritional losses incurred. For all catastrophe perils, the quota share agreement provides or provided ground-up protection, effectively reducing our retention for catastrophe losses.
(3) Net premiums earned based on estimated subject premiums at 06/01/2024.

The table below outlines our external quota share agreements in effect for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The impacts of these quota share agreements on the financial statements of our former subsidiary, UPC, are included in discontinued operations in 2023.
ReinsurerCompanies in ScopeEffective DatesCession RateStates in Scope
External third-partyAmCoastal06/01/2024 - 06/01/2026
20% (1)(2)
Florida
External third-partyAmCoastal06/01/2023 - 06/01/2024
40% (1)
Florida
External third-partyUPC, FSIC & AmCoastal06/01/2022 - 06/01/2023
10% (1)
Florida, Louisiana, Texas
TypTapUPC06/01/2022 - 06/01/2023
100% (3)
Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina
(1) This treaty provides or provided coverage for all catastrophe perils and attritional losses incurred. For all catastrophe perils, the quota share agreement provides or provided ground-up protection, effectively reducing our retention for catastrophe losses.
24
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
(2) The cession rate of this treaty is reduced from 20% to 15% effective 06/01/2025 - 06/01/2026.
(3) This treaty provided coverage on our in-force, new and renewal policies until these states were transitioned to HCPCI and TypTap upon renewal.

Reinsurance recoverable at the balance sheet dates consists of the following:
September 30,December 31,
20242023
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses $113,871 $271,736 
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses and loss adjustment expenses33,194 69,084 
Reinsurance recoverable (1)
$147,065 $340,820 
(1) Our reinsurance recoverable balance is net of our allowance for expected credit losses. More information related to this allowance can
be found in Note 12.


9) LIABILITY FOR UNPAID LOSSES AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE (LAE)
We determine the reserve for unpaid losses on an individual case basis for all incidents reported. The liability also includes amounts for incurred but not reported ("IBNR") claims as of the balance sheet date.
The table below shows the analysis of our reserve for unpaid losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 on a GAAP basis:
September 30,
 20242023
Balance at January 1$347,738 $816,489 
Less: reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses271,736 731,666 
Net balance at January 1$76,002 $84,823 
Incurred related to:
Current year41,904 51,180 
Prior years(2,379)(11,212)
Total incurred$39,525 $39,968 
Paid related to:
Current year29,577 34,746 
Prior years26,499 5,612 
Total paid$56,076 $40,358 
Net balance at September 30
$59,451 $84,433 
Plus: reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses113,871 337,265 
Balance at September 30
$173,322 $421,698 
Composition of reserve for unpaid losses and LAE:
     Case reserves$51,549 $128,503 
     IBNR reserves121,773 293,195 
Balance at September 30
$173,322 $421,698 

Based upon our internal analysis and our review of the annual statement of actuarial opinion provided by our actuarial consultants at December 31, 2023, we believe that the reserve for unpaid losses reasonably represents the amount necessary to pay all claims and related expenses which may arise from incidents that have occurred as of the balance sheet date.
As reflected in the table above, we had favorable development in both 2024 and 2023 related to prior year losses. This favorable development came as a result of re-estimating ultimate losses in 2024 and 2023 based on historical loss trends. The prior year loss payments made by the Company during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were higher than the loss
25
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
payments made during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, driven by catastrophe loss payments. The current year loss payments made by the Company during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 remained relatively flat. Case and IBNR reserves and reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses also decreased when compared to the prior period as a result of the continued settlement of prior year claims with no similar losses in 2023 or the current year.

10)    LONG-TERM DEBT

Senior Notes Payable

On December 13, 2017, we issued $150,000,000 of 10-year senior notes (the Senior Notes) that will mature on December 15, 2027 and bear interest at a rate equal to 6.25% per annum payable semi-annually on each June 15 and December 15, commencing June 15, 2018. The Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company. We may redeem the Senior Notes at our option, at any time and from time to time in whole or in part, prior to September 15, 2027, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest thereon from the date of redemption to the date that is three months prior to maturity, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. On or after that date, we may redeem the Senior Notes at par, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. On December 8, 2022, the Kroll Bond Rating Agency, LLC announced a downgrade of our issuer and debt ratings from BBB- to BB+. As a result, pursuant to our agreement, the interest rate of our Senior Notes increased from 6.25% to 7.25%.

Financial Covenants

Our Senior Notes provide that the Company and its subsidiaries shall not incur any indebtedness unless no default exists and the Company’s leverage ratio as of the last day of any annual or quarterly period (the balance sheet date) immediately preceding the date on which such additional indebtedness is incurred would have been no greater than 0.3:1, determined on a pro forma basis as if the additional indebtedness and all other indebtedness incurred since the immediately preceding balance sheet date had been incurred and the proceeds therefrom applied as of such day. The Company and its subsidiaries also may not create, assume, incur or permit to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money that is secured by a lien on the voting stock of any significant subsidiary without securing the Senior Notes equally. The Company may not issue, sell, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any of the capital stock of the Company’s significant subsidiaries as of the issue date of the Senior Notes (except to the Company or to one or more of the Company’s other subsidiaries, or for the purpose of qualifying directors or as may be required by law or regulation), subject to certain exceptions. At December 31, 2023, while our leverage ratio was greater than the allowed ratio above, we did not incur any additional indebtedness during the period and as a result, we were in compliance with the covenants in the Senior Notes.

Debt Issuance Costs

The table below presents the roll forward of our debt issuance costs paid, in conjunction with the debt instruments described above, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
20242023
Balance at January 1,$1,312 $1,645 
Amortization(249)(249)
Balance at September 30,
$1,063 $1,396 

11)    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation

We are involved in claims-related legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. We accrue amounts resulting from claims-related legal actions in unpaid losses and LAE during the period when that we determine an unfavorable outcome becomes probable and we can estimate the amounts. Management makes revisions to our estimates based on its analysis of subsequent information that we receive regarding various factors, including: (i) per claim information; (ii) company and industry historical loss experience; (iii) judicial decisions and legal developments in the awarding of damages; and (iv) trends in general economic conditions, including the effects of inflation.
26
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024

On October 20, 2023, we received notice that the DFS filed a notice of claim and demand for tender of insurance policy limits under our director and officer insurance to carriers participating in our director and officer’s insurance program (the “Claim”). The Claim alleges that former officers and directors of UPC were involved in wrongful acts that resulted in UPC's insolvency and demands immediate tender of our director and officer’s policy limit of $40,000,000 where we have a retention of $1,500,000. The former directors and officers of UPC deny the allegations. Although no litigation has arisen from the Claim, litigation is anticipated. The directors and officers plan to vigorously defend against the Claim; however, due to our indemnification obligation, during 2023, we accrued the policy retention amount of $1,500,000. This claim remains open as of September 30, 2024.

Commitments to fund partnership investments

We have fully funded two limited partnership investments. We have no unfunded commitments at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Leases

We, as lessee, have entered into leases of commercial office space of various term lengths. In addition to office space, we lease office equipment and a parking lot under operating leases.

The classification of operating and lease asset and liability balances within the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets was as follows:
Financial Statement LineSeptember 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Assets
Operating lease assets
Other assets$24 $562 
Total lease assets
$24 $562 
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities
Operating lease liability$23 $739 
Total lease liabilities
$23 $739 

The components of lease expenses were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Operating lease expense$58 $208 $103 $624 
Financing lease expense:
Amortization of leased assets
— — — 9 
Net lease expense$58 $208 $103 $633 

At September 30, 2024, future minimum gross lease payments relating to these non-cancellable operating lease agreements were as follows:
September 30, 2024
Remaining in 2024$5 
202519 
20263 
2027— 
Total undiscounted future minimum lease payments
27 
Less: Imputed interest(4)
Present value of lease liabilities
$23 
27
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024







Weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate related to operating leases were as follows:

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Weighted average remaining lease term (months)17 17 
Weighted average discount rate3.78 %3.29 %


There were no other cash or non-cash related activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Capital lease amortization expenses are included in depreciation expense in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. See Note 6 of these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding depreciation expense, Note 10 for information regarding commitments related to long-term debt, and Note 13 for information regarding commitments related to regulatory actions.

Subleases

We previously leased and occupied office space in which we no longer operate. Effective October 1, 2022, this office space was subleased to a third-party. The sublease was effective from October 1, 2022 through July 31, 2025, with no option to extend. However, on February 29, 2024, this sublease was cancelled as a part of an agreement to terminate the original lease associated with the office space. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized $33,000 of income related to this sublease, exclusive of the lease expense associated with the original lease.

Employee Retention Credit

A series of legislation was enacted in the United States during 2020 and 2021 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic that provided financial relief for businesses impacted by government-mandated shutdowns, work stoppages, or other losses suffered by employers. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) provided an employee retention credit, which is a refundable tax credit against certain employment taxes of up to $5,000 per employee for eligible employers. The tax credit is equal to 50% of qualified wages paid to employees during a quarter, capped at $10,000 of qualified wages per employee. During the second quarter of 2022, we evaluated our eligibility and filed for a $10,161,000 refund in connection with our Employee Retention Tax Credit for the tax year ended December 31, 2021. As of September 30, 2024, we have received $5,718,000 from the IRS related to this refund. A gain contingency is an uncertain situation that will be resolved in the future, possibly resulting in a gain. We have not recognized this gain contingency of $10,161,000 within our financial statements except for the $5,718,000 that has already been received.

Quota Share Commission Loss Contingency

AmCoastal participates in shared quota-share reinsurance agreements with our former subsidiary, UPC, which are subject
to a variable ceding commission based on loss experience. With the receivership of UPC in 2023, we have not received data
related to UPC losses that could unfavorably shift AmCoastal’s commission related to these contracts. In addition, we cannot
reasonably determine how this shift will be allocated between the contracted parties. Until we receive this loss data and provide
the updated calculations to both our reinsurance partners and the DFS, as receiver of UPC, we are unable to estimate the impact,
however, we believe a loss contingency related to these commissions may exist as of September 30, 2024.

We will continue to monitor the matter for further developments that could affect the outcome of these contingencies and will make any appropriate adjustments each quarter.

12)    ALLOWANCE FOR EXPECTED CREDIT LOSSES
28
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
We are exposed to credit losses primarily through three different pools of assets based on similar risk characteristics: premiums receivable for direct written business; reinsurance recoverables from ceded losses to our reinsurers; and our investment holdings. We estimate the expected credit losses based on historical trends, credit ratings assigned to reinsurers by rating agencies, average default rates, current economic conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions that affect the collectability of the reported amounts over its expected life. Changes in the relevant information may significantly affect the estimates of expected credit losses.

The allowance for credit losses is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the assets to present their net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected. Each period, the allowance for credit losses is adjusted through earnings to reflect expected credit losses over the remaining lives of the assets.

The following tables summarize our allowance for expected credit losses by pooled asset for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023Provision for expected credit lossesWrite-offsSeptember 30, 2024
Premiums Receivable$49 $(32)$— $17 
Reinsurance Recoverables97 (58)— 39 
Total$146 $(90)$— $56 
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022Provision for expected credit lossesWrite-offsSeptember 30, 2023
Premiums Receivable$31 $(13)$2 $20 
Reinsurance Recoverables333 (226)— 107 
Total$364 $(239)$2 $127 

As of September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no allowance for expected credit losses related to our investment holdings.

13)    STATUTORY ACCOUNTING AND REGULATION

The insurance industry is heavily regulated. State laws and regulations, as well as national regulatory agency requirements, govern the operations of all insurers such as our insurance subsidiaries. The various laws and regulations require that insurers maintain minimum amounts of statutory surplus and risk-based capital, restrict insurers' ability to pay dividends, specify allowable investment types and investment mixes, and subject insurers to assessments. AmCoastal is domiciled in Florida, and IIC is domiciled in New York. At September 30, 2024, and during the nine months then ended, AmCoastal and IIC met all regulatory requirements of the states in which they operate.

During 2023, we received two assessment notices from the Florida Insurance Guaranty Association ("FIGA"). These assessments will be 1.0% and 0.7% on direct written premiums of all covered lines of business in Florida to cover the cost of insurance companies facing insolvency. These assessments are in addition to the 1.3% assessment, described below, and is recoupable from policyholders. During 2022, we received an assessment notice from FIGA. This assessment was 1.3% on direct written premium of all covered lines of business in Florida to cover the cost of an insurance company facing insolvency.

The National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") has Risk-Based Capital ("RBC") guidelines for insurance companies that are designed to assess capital adequacy and to raise the level of protection that statutory surplus provides for policyholders. Most states, including Florida and New York, have enacted statutory requirements adopting the NAIC RBC guidelines, and insurers having less statutory surplus than required will be subject to varying degrees of regulatory action, depending on the level of capital inadequacy. State insurance regulatory authorities could require an insurer to cease operations in the event the insurer fails to maintain the required statutory capital.

The state laws of Florida and New York permit an insurer to pay dividends or make distributions out of that part of statutory surplus derived from net operating profit and net realized capital gains. The state laws further provide calculations to determine the amount of dividends or distributions that can be made without the prior approval of the insurance regulatory
29
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
authorities in those states and the amount of dividends or distributions that would require prior approval of the insurance regulatory authorities in those states. Statutory RBC requirements may further restrict our insurance subsidiaries' ability to pay dividends or make distributions if the amount of the intended dividend or distribution would cause statutory surplus to fall below minimum RBC requirements. Additionally, in connection with our former subsidiary UPC's plan for run off, IIC has agreed not to pay ordinary dividends without prior approval of the NYDFS until January 1, 2025.

Our insurance subsidiaries must each file with the various insurance regulatory authorities an “Annual Statement” which reports, among other items, statutory net income (loss) and surplus as regards policyholders, which is called stockholders' equity under GAAP. The table below details the statutory net income (loss) for each of our regulated entities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
AmCoastal$27,821 $18,668 $69,761 $77,781 
IIC169 (809)(632)(3,290)
Total$27,990 $17,859 $69,129 $74,491 


Our insurance subsidiaries must maintain capital and surplus ratios or balances as determined by the regulatory authority of the states in which they are domiciled. At September 30, 2024, we met these requirements. The table below details the amount of surplus as regards policyholders for each of our regulated entities at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
AmCoastal214,277 143,452 
IIC22,202 22,661 
Total$236,479 $166,113 



14)    ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

We report changes in other comprehensive income (loss) items within comprehensive income (loss) on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, and we include accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of stockholders' equity on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The table below details the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss at period end:

  Pre-Tax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitNet-of-Tax Amount
December 31, 2023$(20,238)$3,101 $(17,137)
Changes in net unrealized losses on investments7,404 31 7,435 
Reclassification adjustment for realized losses124 (31)93 
Impact of Deconsolidation of Discontinued Operations(8)(2,000)(2,008)
September 30, 2024$(12,718)$1,101 $(11,617)


15)    STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Our Board of Directors declared no dividends on our outstanding shares of common stock to stockholders of record during 2023 or 2024.

30
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
In July 2019, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase plan of up to $25,000,000 of our common stock. As of September 30, 2024, we had not yet repurchased any shares under this stock repurchase plan. The timing and volume of repurchases are at the discretion of management, based on the capital needs of the business, the market price of ACIC common stock, and general market conditions. The plan has no expiration date, and the plan may be suspended or discontinued at any time.

In September 2023, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “Agreement”) with Raymond James & Associates, Inc., as agent (the “Agent”), of up to 8,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Shares”). Sales of the Shares under the Agreement will be made in sales deemed to be “at the market offerings”. The Agent is not required to sell any specific amount of Shares but has agreed to act as the Company’s sales agent for a commission equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sales of the Shares. As of September 30, 2024, 4,373,000 shares have been sold under the Agreement resulting in commissions paid of approximately $1,181,000 and net proceeds of approximately $38,190,000. The Agreement will terminate upon the issuance and sale of all Shares subject to the Agreement, or the Agreement may be suspended or discontinued at any time.

See Note 16 in these Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding stock-based compensation activity.

16) STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

We account for stock-based compensation under the fair value recognition provisions of ASC Topic 718 - Compensation - Stock Compensation. We recognize stock-based compensation cost over the award’s requisite service period on a straight-line basis for time-based restricted stock grants and performance-based restricted stock grants. We record forfeitures as they occur for all stock-based compensation.

The following table presents our total stock-based compensation expense:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Employee stock-based compensation expense
     Pre-tax $556 $350 $1,593 $738 
     Post-tax (1)
439 277 1,258 583 
Director stock-based compensation expense
     Pre-tax 138 60 310 115 
     Post-tax (1)
109 47 245 91 
(1) The after-tax amounts are determined using the 21% corporate federal tax rate.

We had approximately $3,329,000 of unrecognized stock compensation expense at September 30, 2024 related to non-vested stock-based compensation granted, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.1 years. We had approximately $340,000 of unrecognized director stock-based compensation expense at September 30, 2024 related to non-vested director stock-based compensation granted, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately 0.6 years.

Restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance stock units

Stock-based compensation cost for restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance stock units is measured based on the closing fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant, which vest in equal installments over the requisite service period of typically three years. Restricted stock awards granted to non-employee directors vest over a one-year period. Each restricted stock unit and performance stock unit represents our obligation to deliver to the holder one share of common stock upon vesting.

Performance stock units vest based on the Company's return on average equity compared to a defined group of peer companies. On the grant date, we issue the target number of performance stock units. They are subject to forfeitures if performance goals are not met. The actual number of performance stock units earned can vary from zero to 150 percent of the target for the awards.

31
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
We granted 96,967 shares of restricted common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2024, which had a weighted-average grant date fair value of $7.88 per share. We did not grant shares of restricted common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2023. We granted 598,713 and 45,000 shares of restricted common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which had a weighted-average grant date fair value of $7.41 and $5.25, respectively. Additionally, during the nine month period ended September 30, 2023, the Company granted 262,933 shares of restricted common stock, with a fair value of $4.33, which were contingent upon stockholder approval of an increase in the number of shares of our common stock that may be issued pursuant to the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan. This increase was approved during our 2024 annual meeting of stockholders and the impact of the contingent grants are included in the granted shares described above and seen in the table below.

The following table presents certain information related to the activity of our non-vested restricted common stock grants:
Number of Restricted SharesWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
445,646 $2.64 
Granted (1)
598,713 7.41 
Less: Forfeited1,476 4.56 
Less: Vested 436,472 3.36 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2024
606,411 $6.23 
(1) Contingent shares granted during 2023 have been included in the calculation of 2024's granted values.

Stock options

Stock option fair value was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton formula. Stock options vest in equal installments over the requisite service period of typically three years. The following weighted-average assumptions were used to value the stock options granted:
20242023
Expected annual dividend yield—  %—  %
Expected volatility86.92  %80.84  %
Risk-free interest rate4.37  %3.44  %
Expected term6 years6 years

The expected annual dividend yield for our options granted during 2024 and 2023 is based on no dividends being paid in future quarters. The expected volatility is a historical volatility calculated based on the daily closing prices over a period equal to the expected term. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the grant date. Expected term takes into account the three-year graded vesting term and the 10-year contractual term of the option.

We granted 196,275 stock options for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, which had a weighted average grant date fair value of $4.82 per share. Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company granted 123,399 stock options, with a fair value of $3.08, which were contingent upon stockholder approval of an increase in the number of shares of our common stock that may be issued pursuant to the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan. This increase was approved during our 2024 annual meeting of stockholders and the impact of the contingent grants are included in the granted options described above and seen in the table below.

The following table presents certain information related to the activity of our non-vested stock option grants:
32
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2024
Number of Stock OptionsWeighted Average Exercise PricesWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (3)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
1,028,760 $3.83 7.80 $6,151,000 
Granted (1)
196,275 4.82 — — 
  Less: Forfeited— — — — 
  Less: Expired— — — — 
Less: Exercised
95,000 2.35 — — 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2024
1,130,035 $4.12 7.47 $8,360,000 
Vested as of September 30, 2024(2)
1,276,019 $4.30 7.04 $6,147,000 
Exercisable as of September 30, 2024
840,768 $4.30 7.04 $6,147,000 
(1) Contingent shares granted during 2023 have been included in the calculation of 2024's granted values.
(2) The vested shares are calculated based on all vested shares at September 30, 2024, inclusive of those that have since expired. The weighted average exercise prices, weighted-average remaining contractual term and aggregate intrinsic value is calculated based on only vested shares that are outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2024.
(3) Presented in ones.


17)    SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

We evaluate all subsequent events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure in our financial statements.

Effective October 1, 2024, the Company's new headquarter office lease located in Suite 100 in the building at 570 Carillon Parkway, St. Petersburg, Florida 33176 commenced. This lease will expire February 28, 2035 unless extended or sooner terminated within the terms of the lease. The Company will recognize a right-of-use operating asset and operating lease liability of $3,256,000 associated with this lease on the date of commencement.

On October 9, 2024, Hurricane Milton made landfall in Florida as a category three hurricane. The Company estimates net current accident quarter catastrophe losses incurred from Hurricane Milton to be approximately $16.2 million, net of tax impacts. $7.9 million of this impact is retained by AmCoastal, with $8.3 million being retained by the Company's captive reinsurance entity. The Company also expects to incur $13.0 million of reinstatement premiums that will be amortized as ceded premiums earned over the remaining eight month coverage period, from October 2024 through May 2025.

On October 29, 2024, the Company assumed 87 new policies from Citizens through the Citizens Depopulation Program with approximately $10.7 million of premium.
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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, as well as with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related footnotes under Part II. Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the revised items of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Form 8-K on October 4, 2024. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain known and unknown risks and uncertainties. See "Forward-Looking Statements."

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Overview

    American Coastal Insurance Corporation (referred to in this document as we, our, us, the Company or ACIC) is a holding company primarily engaged in commercial and personal property and casualty insurance business with investments in the United States. On July 10, 2023, we changed our corporate name from United Insurance Holdings Corp. to American Coastal Insurance Corporation. We conduct our business principally through our two wholly-owned insurance subsidiaries: American Coastal Insurance Company (AmCoastal) and Interboro Insurance Company (IIC). Collectively, we refer to the holding company and all our subsidiaries, including non-insurance subsidiaries, as “American Coastal Insurance Corporation,” which is the preferred brand identification for our Company.

Our Company’s primary source of revenue is generated from writing insurance in Florida and New York. Our target market in such areas consists of states where the perceived threat of natural catastrophe has caused large national insurance carriers to reduce their concentration of policies. We believe an opportunity exists for ACIC to write profitable business in such areas.

On May 9, 2024, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Sale Agreement") with Forza Insurance Holdings, LLC (Forza) in which ACIC will sell and Forza will acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of IIC. The aggregate purchase price for the shares will be equal to IIC's shareholders' equity under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) on the closing date. Closing is subject to customary closing conditions, including New York Department of Financial Services (NYDFS) approval of Forza's application for acquisition of control, and NYDFS approval of a new rate and form filing. As a result, IIC results of operations and assets and liabilities are captured within discontinued operations and can be seen in Note 3 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements above.

On February 27, 2023, our former insurance subsidiary, United Property & Casualty Insurance Company (UPC) was placed into receivership with the Florida Department of Financial Services (DFS), which divested our ownership of UPC. The events leading to receivership and results of this subsidiary, now included within discontinued operations, can be seen in Note 3 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements above.

We have historically grown our business through strong organic growth, complemented by strategic acquisitions and partnerships, including our acquisitions of AmCo Holding Company, LLC (AmCo) and its subsidiaries, including AmCoastal, in April 2017 and IIC in April 2016.

Our policies in-force decreased by 1.7% from 23,162 policies in-force at September 30, 2023 to 22,775 policies in-force at September 30, 2024. These values include IIC policies in-force, whose results are captured within discontinued operations. For more information regarding the concentration of our policies in force, please see the discontinued operations and results of operations sections below.

The following discussion highlights significant factors influencing the consolidated financial position and results of operations of American Coastal Insurance Corporation. In evaluating our results of operations, we use premiums written and earned, policies in-force and new and renewal policies by geographic concentration. We also consider the impact of catastrophe losses and prior year development on our loss ratios, expense ratios and combined ratios. In monitoring our investments, we use credit quality, investment income, cash flows, realized gains and losses, unrealized gains and losses, asset diversification and portfolio duration. To evaluate our financial condition, we consider our liquidity, financial strength, ratings, book value per share and return on equity.
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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
2024 Highlights
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Gross premiums written$93,016 $93,986 $507,066 $507,449 
Gross premiums earned160,178 157,777 475,898 445,589 
Net premiums earned74,486 50,264 200,498 212,919 
Total revenues82,136 52,532 217,390 213,149 
Income from continuing operations, net of tax27,669 15,015 70,451 67,824 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax450 (4,447)321 227,803 
Consolidated net income28,119 10,568 70,772 295,627 
Net income available to ACIC stockholders per diluted share
Continuing Operations$0.56 $0.34 $1.43 $1.54 
Discontinued Operations0.01 (0.10)0.01 5.19 
Total$0.57 $0.24 $1.44 $6.73 
Reconciliation of net income to core income:
Plus: Non-cash amortization of intangible assets and goodwill impairment$610 $812 $2,031 $2,436 
Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax450 (4,447)321 227,803 
Less: Realized gains (losses) on investment portfolio(3)4 (124)(6,787)
Less: Unrealized gains on equity securities1,543 177 1,542 792 
Less: Net tax impact (1)
(195)133 129 1,771 
Core income (2)
26,934 15,513 70,935 74,484 
Core income per diluted share(2)
$0.54 $0.35 $1.44 $1.70 
Book value per share$5.38 $2.78 
(1) In order to reconcile the net income to the core income measure, we included the tax impact of all adjustments using the 21% corporate federal tax rate.
(2) Core income, a measure that is not based on GAAP, is reconciled above to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Form 10-Q is in "Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures" below.




















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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Consolidated Net Income
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
REVENUE:
Gross premiums written$93,016 $93,986 $507,066 $507,449 
Change in gross unearned premiums67,162 63,791 (31,168)(61,860)
Gross premiums earned160,178 157,777 475,898 445,589 
Ceded premiums earned(85,692)(107,513)(275,400)(232,670)
Net premiums earned74,486 50,264 200,498 212,919 
Net investment income6,110 2,087 15,474 6,225 
Net realized investment gains (losses)(3)4 (124)(6,787)
Net unrealized gains on equity securities1,543 177 1,542 792 
Total revenue82,136 52,532 217,390 213,149 
EXPENSES:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses11,774 9,822 39,525 39,968 
Policy acquisition costs20,942 13,606 44,476 62,298 
Operating expenses2,115 2,081 6,492 6,962 
General and administrative expenses8,174 6,011 26,987 21,036 
Interest expense3,067 2,718 9,212 8,156 
Total expenses46,072 34,238 126,692 138,420 
Income before other income36,064 18,294 90,698 74,729 
Other income (loss)453 (237)2,074 1,157 
Income before income taxes36,517 18,057 92,772 75,886 
Provision for income taxes8,848 3,042 22,321 8,062 
Net income from continuing operations, net of tax$27,669 $15,015 $70,451 $67,824 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax450 (4,447)321 227,803 
Net income$28,119 $10,568 $70,772 $295,627 
Earnings available to ACIC common stockholders per diluted share$0.57 $0.24 $1.44 $6.73 
Book value per share$5.38 $2.78 
Return on equity based on GAAP net income55.3 %NM
Loss ratio, net (1)
15.8 %19.5 %19.7 %18.8 %
Expense ratio (2)
41.9 %43.2 %38.9 %42.4 %
Combined ratio (3)
57.7 %62.7 %58.6 %61.2 %
Effect of current year catastrophe losses on combined ratio6.6 %9.7 %2.6 %6.2 %
Effect of prior year development on combined ratio(1.8)%(6.2)%(1.2)%(5.2)%
Underlying combined ratio (4)
52.9 %59.2 %57.2 %60.2 %
(1) Loss ratio, net is calculated as losses and loss adjustment expense (LAE) net of losses ceded to reinsurers, relative to net premiums earned. Management uses this operating metric to analyze our loss trends and believes it is useful for investors to evaluate this component separately from our other operating expenses.
(2) Expense ratio is calculated as the sum of all operating expenses less interest expense relative to net premiums earned. Management uses this operating metric to analyze our expense trends and believes it is useful for investors to evaluate this component separately from our loss expenses.
(3) Combined ratio is the sum of the loss ratio, net and the expense ratio, net. Management uses this operating metric to analyze our total expense trends and believes it is a key indicator for investors when evaluating the overall profitability of our business.
(4) Underlying combined ratio, a measure that is not based on GAAP, is reconciled above to the combined ratio, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Form 10-Q is in "Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures" below.





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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures

We believe that investors' understanding of ACIC's performance is enhanced by our disclosure of the following non-GAAP measures. Our methods for calculating these measures may differ from those used by other companies and therefore comparability may be limited.

Combined ratio excluding the effects of current year catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development (underlying combined ratio) is a non-GAAP measure, that is computed by subtracting the effect of current year catastrophe losses and prior year development from the combined ratio. We believe that this ratio is useful to investors and it is used by management to highlight the trends in our business that may be obscured by current year catastrophe losses and prior year development. Current year catastrophe losses cause our loss trends to vary significantly between periods as a result of their frequency of occurrence and magnitude, and can have a significant impact on the combined ratio. Prior year development is caused by unexpected loss development on historical reserves. We believe it is useful for investors to evaluate these components separately and in the aggregate when reviewing our performance. The most directly comparable GAAP measure is the combined ratio. The underlying combined ratio should not be considered as a substitute for the combined ratio and does not reflect the overall profitability of our business.

Net loss and LAE excluding the effects of current year catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development (underlying loss and LAE) is a non-GAAP measure, that is computed by subtracting the effect of current year catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development from net loss and LAE. We use underlying loss and LAE figures to analyze our loss trends that may be impacted by current year catastrophe losses and prior year development on our reserves. As discussed previously, these two items can have a significant impact on our loss trends in a given period. We believe it is useful for investors to evaluate these components separately and in the aggregate when reviewing our performance. The most directly comparable GAAP measure is net loss and LAE. The underlying loss and LAE measure should not be considered a substitute for net loss and LAE and does not reflect the overall profitability of our business.

Net income (loss) excluding the effects of amortization of intangible assets, income (loss) from discontinued operations, realized gains (losses) and unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities, net of tax (core income (loss)) is a non-GAAP measure, which is computed by adding amortization, net of tax, to net income (loss) and subtracting income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax, realized gains (losses) on our investment portfolio, net of tax, and unrealized gains (losses) on our equity securities, net of tax, from net income (loss). Amortization expense is related to the amortization of intangible assets acquired, including goodwill, through mergers and therefore the expense does not arise through normal operations. Investment portfolio gains (losses) and unrealized equity security gains (losses) vary independent of our operations. We believe it is useful for investors to evaluate these components separately and in the aggregate when reviewing our performance. The most directly comparable GAAP measure is net income (loss). The core income (loss) measure should not be considered a substitute for net loss and does not reflect the overall profitability of our business.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

When we prepare our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in conformity with GAAP, we must make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts we report. Certain of these estimates result from judgments that can be subjective and complex. As a result of that subjectivity and complexity, and because we continuously evaluate these estimates and assumptions based on a variety of factors, actual results could materially differ from our estimates and assumptions if changes in one or more factors require us to make accounting adjustments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we reassessed our critical accounting policies and estimates as disclosed in Note 2 to the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. We have made no material changes or additions with regard to those policies and estimates.

RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Please refer to Note 2 in the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of recent accounting standards that may affect us.

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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION - SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 COMPARED TO DECEMBER 31, 2023

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and related notes, and in conjunction with the section entitled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the revised items of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Form 8-K on October 4, 2024.

Investments

The primary goals of our investment strategy are to preserve capital, maximize after-tax investment income, maintain liquidity and minimize risk. To accomplish our goals, we purchase debt securities in sectors that represent the most attractive relative value, and we maintain a moderate equity exposure. Limiting equity exposure manages risks and helps to preserve capital for two reasons: first, bond market returns are less volatile than stock market returns, and second, should the bond issuer enter bankruptcy liquidation, bondholders generally have a higher priority than equity holders in a bankruptcy proceeding.

We must comply with applicable state insurance regulations that prescribe the type, quality and concentrations of investments our insurance subsidiaries can make; therefore, our current investment policy limits investment in non-investment-grade fixed maturities and limits total investment amounts in preferred stock, common stock and mortgage notes receivable. We do not invest in derivative securities.

Two outside asset management companies, which have authority and discretion to buy and sell securities for us, manage our investments subject to (i) the guidelines established by our Board of Directors and (ii) the direction of management. The Investment Committee of our Board of Directors reviews and approves our investment policy on a regular basis.

Our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and investment portfolio totaled $571,113,000 at September 30, 2024, compared to $311,874,000 at December 31, 2023.

The following table summarizes our investments, by type:

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Estimated Fair ValuePercent of TotalEstimated Fair ValuePercent of Total
U.S. government and agency securities$157,721 27.6%$26,002 8.3%
Foreign government439 0.1%— —%
States, municipalities and political subdivisions16,798 2.9%16,964 5.4%
Public utilities4,764 0.8%3,288 1.1%
Corporate securities56,822 10.1%48,026 15.3%
Mortgage-backed securities32,490 5.7%34,622 11.1%
Asset-backed securities9,339 1.6%9,485 3.0%
Total fixed maturities278,373 48.8 %138,387 44.2 %
Mutual funds25,950 4.5%— —%
Total equity securities25,950 4.5 %— — %
Other investments26,392 4.6 %16,487 5.3 %
Total investments330,715 57.9%154,874 49.5%
Cash and cash equivalents183,147 32.1 %138,930 44.5 %
Restricted cash57,251 10.0%18,070 5.8%
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and investments$571,113 100.0 %$311,874 100.0 %

We classify all of our fixed-maturity investments as available-for-sale. Our investments at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consisted mainly of U.S. government and agency securities, states, municipalities and political subdivisions, mortgage-backed securities and securities of investment-grade corporate issuers. Our equity holdings as of September 30, 2024 consist of mutual funds. We held no equities as of December 31, 2023. At September 30, 2024, approximately 87.8% of our fixed maturities were U.S. Treasuries or corporate bonds rated “A” or better, and 12.2% were corporate bonds rated “BBB” or "BB", including our investments held in discontinued operations.
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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION



Reinsurance

We follow the industry practice of reinsuring a portion of our risks. Reinsurance involves transferring, or "ceding", all or a portion of the risk exposure on policies we write to another insurer, known as a reinsurer. To the extent that our reinsurers are unable to meet the obligations they assume under our reinsurance agreements, we remain primarily liable for the entire insured loss under the policies we write.

Our catastrophe reinsurance coverage consists of three separate placements:

1.AmCoastal’s core catastrophe reinsurance program in effect June 1 through May 31, annually, which includes excess of loss and quota share treaties providing coverage for catastrophe losses from named or numbered windstorms;

2.AmCoastal’s all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement in effect January 1 through December 31, annually, which provides protection from catastrophe loss events other than named or numbered windstorms and earthquakes; and

3.IIC’s core catastrophe reinsurance program in effect June 1 through May 31, annually, which provides protection from all catastrophe losses.

This reinsurance protection is an essential part of our catastrophe risk management strategy. It is intended to provide our stockholders with an acceptable return on the risks assumed by our insurance entities, and to reduce the variability of earnings, while providing surplus protection. Although reinsurance agreements contractually obligate our reinsurers to reimburse us for the agreed-upon portion of our gross paid losses, they do not discharge our primary liability. In the event one or more of our reinsurers fail to fulfill their obligation, the surplus of our statutory entities may decline, and we may not be able to fulfill our obligation to policyholders, or we may not be able to maintain compliance with various regulatory financial requirements. Additionally, we face the risk that actual losses incurred from one or more catastrophic events may be above the modeled expected loss resulting in losses exceeding our reinsurance coverage, which may result in a decline in surplus, and as a result we may not be able to fulfill our obligations to policyholders, or we may not be able to maintain compliance with various regulatory financial requirements. The details of our programs and the likelihood of a catastrophic event exceeding these three coverages are outlined below.

AmCoastal’s core catastrophe reinsurance program provides occurrence-based coverage up to an exhaustion point of approximately $1,260,000,000 for a first occurrence and $1,610,000,000 in the aggregate. Under this program, our GAAP retention on a first event is $20,500,000 ($10,000,000 retained by AmCoastal under statutory accounting principles (STAT retained), $10,500,000 retained separately by our captive). We have purchased second and third event retrocession coverage, reducing our second and third event GAAP retentions to $13,000,000 ($10,000,000 STAT retained by AmCoastal, $3,000,000 retained separately by our captive). AmCoastal’s program provides sufficient coverage for approximately a 1-in-206-year return period, indicating that the probability of a single occurrence exceeding protection purchased is roughly 0.5% estimated by equally blending the AIR and RMS catastrophe models using long-term catalogs including demand surge. AmCoastal’s program also provides sufficient coverage for a 1-in-100-year event followed by a 1-in-50-year event in the same treaty year, the probability of which is less than 0.1%. While we believe these catastrophe models are very good tools and their output provides reasonable proxies for the probability of exhausting our reinsurance protections, they are imperfect, so actual results could vary dramatically from those expected.

AmCoastal’s all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement provides protection from catastrophe loss events other than named windstorms and earthquakes up to $172,000,000 in the aggregate. This agreement provides sufficient coverage for a 1-in-450-year return period, indicating that the probability of a single occurrence exceeding protection purchased is no more than 0.2%.

IIC’s core catastrophe reinsurance program, which is reported under discontinued operations, provides coverage up to an exhaustion point of approximately $82,500,000 in the aggregate, with a retention of $2,500,000 per occurrence. Based on IIC’s PML, the program provides sufficient coverage for two 1-in-130-year events in the same season, indicating the probability of a single occurrence exceeding protection purchased is no more than 0.1%.

Effective December 15, 2023, we agreed to commute a private reinsurer’s share of core catastrophe reinsurance coverage and replace this gap in coverage with new coverage provided by one of our other private reinsurers. This transaction resulted in
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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
additional expense of approximately $6,300,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023, and a reduction in expense of approximately $6,300,000 and $15,700,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively.

Where we think prudent, particularly where, premium rates are high relative to the risk, we retain risk whereby AmCoastal purchases reinsurance from UPC Re, our captive reinsurance entity. UPC Re participates on AmCoastal's all other perils catastrophe excess of loss agreement and AmCoastal's excess per risk agreement. In addition, UPC Re participates in a 30% quota share agreement with AmCoastal, which provides coverage for all catastrophe perils as well as attritional losses incurred. The table below outlines the participation of UPC Re for each program, including premium received and capital at risk.

TreatyEffective DatesPremium Collected /
Cession Rate
Capital at Risk (1)
All Other Perils Catastrophe
Excess of Loss Agreement		01/01/2024 - 01/01/2025—$4,500,000
Excess Per Risk Agreement02/01/2024 - 02/01/2025$1,867,000$633,000
Quota Share Agreement06/01/2024 - 06/01/2026
30% (2)
$4,200,000 (3)
(1) Capital at risk is calculated by taking the aggregate losses UPC Re is subject to under the contract, less net premiums earned under the contract.
(2) This treaty provides or provided coverage for all catastrophe perils and attritional losses incurred. For all catastrophe perils, the quota share agreement provides or provided ground-up protection, effectively reducing our retention for catastrophe losses.
(3) Net premiums earned based on estimated subject premiums at 06/01/2024.

The table below outlines our external quota share agreements in effect for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The impacts of these quota share agreements on the financial statements of our former subsidiary, UPC, are included in discontinued operations in 2023.
ReinsurerCompanies in ScopeEffective DatesCession RateStates in Scope
External third-partyAmCoastal06/01/2024 - 06/01/2026
20% (1)(2)
Florida
External third-partyAmCoastal06/01/2023 - 06/01/2024
40% (1)
Florida
External third-partyUPC, FSIC & AmCoastal06/01/2022 - 06/01/2023
10% (1)
Florida, Louisiana, Texas
TypTapUPC06/01/2022 - 06/01/2023
100% (3)
Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina
(1) This treaty provides or provided coverage for all catastrophe perils and attritional losses incurred. For all catastrophe perils, the quota share agreement provides or provided ground-up protection, effectively reducing our retention for catastrophe losses.
(2) The cession rate of this treaty is reduced from 20% to 15% effective 06/01/2025 - 06/01/2026.
(3) This treaty provided coverage on our in-force, new and renewal policies until these states were transitioned to HCPCI and TypTap upon renewal.


Reinsurance costs as a percentage of gross earned premium during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

20242023
Three Months Ended September 30,
Non-at-Risk(0.5)%(0.2)%
Quota Share(16.2)%(31.5)%
All Other(36.8)%(36.4)%
Total Ceding Ratio(53.5)%(68.1)%
Nine Months Ended September 30,
Non-at-Risk(0.3)%(0.3)%
Quota Share(24.7)%(18.3)%
All Other(32.9)%(33.7)%
Total Ceding Ratio(57.9)%(52.3)%
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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION


Reinsurance costs as a percentage of gross earned premium for IIC, which is now captured within discontinued operations, during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

IIC
20242023
Three Months Ended September 30,
Non-at-Risk(2.5)%(2.8)%
Quota Share— %— %
All Other(21.9)%(27.9)%
Total Ceding Ratio(24.4)%(30.7)%
Nine Months Ended September 30,
Non-at-Risk(2.6)%(2.9)%
Quota Share— %— %
All Other(23.8)%(38.6)%
Total Ceding Ratio(26.4)%(41.5)%


We amortize our ceded unearned premiums over the annual agreement period, and we record that amortization in ceded premiums earned on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The table below summarizes the amounts of our ceded premiums written under the various types of agreements, as well as the amortization of ceded unearned premiums:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Quota Share$(14,615)$(29,756)$(80,749)$(160,955)
Excess-of-loss(9,110)8,186 (236,930)(221,671)
Equipment, identity theft, and cyber security(542)344 (1,847)(829)
Ceded premiums written$(24,267)$(21,226)$(319,526)$(383,455)
Change in ceded unearned premiums(61,425)(86,287)44,126 150,785 
Ceded premiums earned$(85,692)$(107,513)$(275,400)$(232,670)


The breakdown of our ceded premiums written under the various types of agreements, as well as the amortization of ceded unearned premiums for IIC, which is now captured in discontinued operations, can be seen in the tables below.

Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Excess-of-loss(80)(82)(7,955)(8,719)
Equipment, identity theft, and cyber security(264)(239)(737)(734)
Ceded premiums written$(344)$(321)$(8,692)$(9,453)
Change in ceded unearned premiums(1,912)(2,118)1,667 (11)
Ceded premiums earned$(2,256)$(2,439)$(7,025)$(9,464)






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AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION

Current year catastrophe losses disaggregated between named and numbered storms and all other catastrophe loss events are shown in the following table.

20242023
Number of Events
Incurred Loss and LAE (1)
Combined Ratio ImpactNumber of Events
Incurred Loss and LAE (1)
Combined Ratio Impact
Three Months Ended September 30,
Current period catastrophe losses incurred
Named and numbered storms2 $4,800 6.4 %1 $2,400 4.7 %
All other catastrophe loss events2 152 0.2 %1 2,492 5.0 %
Total4 $4,952 6.6 %2 $4,892 9.7 %
Nine Months Ended September 30,
Current period catastrophe losses incurred
Named and numbered storms2 $4,800 2.4 %1 $2,400 1.1 %
All other catastrophe loss events6 356 0.2 %7 10,789 5.1 %
Total8 $5,156 2.6 %8 $13,189 6.2 %
(1) Incurred loss and LAE is equal to losses and LAE paid plus the change in case and incurred but not reported reserves. Shown net of losses ceded to reinsurers. Incurred loss and LAE and number of events includes the development on storms during the year in which it occurred.

The impact of the current year catastrophes to IIC, which is now captured within discontinued operations, can be seen in the tables below.

20242023
Number of Events
Incurred Loss and LAE (1)
Combined Ratio ImpactNumber of Events
Incurred Loss and LAE (1)
Combined Ratio Impact
Three Months Ended September 30,
Current period catastrophe losses incurred
Named and numbered storms2 $128 1.8 %1 $139 2.5 %
All other catastrophe loss events4 204 2.9 %6 816 14.7 %
Total6 $332 4.7 %7 $955 17.2 %
Nine Months Ended September 30,
Current period catastrophe losses incurred
Named and numbered storms2 $128 0.7 %1 $139 1.0 %
All other catastrophe loss events15 908 4.6 %9 1,674 12.5 %
Total17 $1,036 5.3 %10 $1,813 13.5 %
(1) Incurred loss and LAE is equal to losses and LAE paid plus the change in case and incurred but not reported reserves. Shown net of losses ceded to reinsurers. Incurred loss and LAE and number of events includes the development on storms during the year in which it occurred.

See Note 8 in our Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our reinsurance program.








42
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION

Unpaid Losses and Loss Adjustments

We generally use the term “loss(es)” to collectively refer to both loss and LAE. We establish reserves for both reported and unreported unpaid losses that have occurred at or before the balance sheet date for amounts we estimate we will be required to pay in the future, including provisions for claims that have been reported but are unpaid at the balance sheet date and for obligations on claims that have been incurred but not reported at the balance sheet date. Our policy is to establish these loss reserves after considering all information known to us at each reporting period. At any given point in time, our loss reserve represents our best estimate of the ultimate settlement and administration costs of our insured claims incurred and unpaid.

Unpaid losses and LAE totaled $173,322,000 and $347,738,000 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. In addition, unpaid losses related to IIC totaled $21,356,000 and $22,483,000 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which have been classified as discontinued operations.

Since the process of estimating loss reserves requires significant judgment due to a number of variables, such as fluctuations in inflation, judicial decisions, legislative changes and changes in claims handling procedures, our ultimate liability will likely differ from these estimates. We revise our reserve for unpaid losses as additional information becomes available, and reflect adjustments, if any, in our earnings in the periods in which we determine the adjustments as necessary.

See Note 9 in our Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our losses and loss adjustments.

Discontinued Operations

On February 10, 2023, we announced that a solvent run-off for UPC was unlikely and on February 27, 2023, UPC was placed into receivership with the DFS, which divested our ownership of UPC. As a result, UPC, as well as the activities related directly to supporting the business conducted by UPC, qualify as a discontinued operation. For more information regarding the results of our discontinued operations, see Note 3 in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

In addition, on May 9, 2024, the Company entered into a Sale Agreement with Forza in which ACIC will sell and Forza will acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of IIC. The aggregate purchase price for the shares will be equal to IIC's GAAP shareholders' equity on the closing date. Closing is subject to customary closing conditions, including NYDFS approval of Forza's application for acquisition of control, and NYDFS approval of a new rate and form filing. A comparison of the results of IIC's operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 can be seen below.

IIC Quarter over Quarter Results

Net income attributable to IIC for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $1,092,000, or 170.1%, to $450,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from a net loss of $642,000 for the same period in 2023. The details of the revenues and expenses that drove this change have been outlined below.

Revenue

IIC gross written premiums increased $2,516,000, or 25.5%, to $12,402,000 for the third quarter ended September 30, 2024 from $9,886,000 for the same period in 2023. This increase was driven primarily by an increase in renewals quarter-over-quarter. The change in IIC gross written premiums and new and renewal policies quarter-over-quarter can be seen below.

($ in thousands)Three Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Direct Written Premium$12,402 $9,886 $2,516 
Total gross written premium$12,402 $9,886 $2,516 
New and Renewal Policies (1)
5,665 5,331 334 
(1) Only includes new and renewal homeowner and dwelling fire policies written during the year.


43
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION

Expenses

Expenses attributable to IIC for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $180,000, or 2.7%, to $6,954,000 from $6,774,000 for the same period in 2023. The increase in expenses was primarily due to an increase in our loss and LAE incurred during 2024, driven by increased current year non-catastrophe losses incurred, offset by decreased operating and underwriting expenses. The details of these changes can be seen below.

The calculations of our loss ratios and underlying loss ratios are shown below.
Three Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Net loss and LAE$4,448 $3,942 $506 
% of Gross earned premiums48.0 %49.4 %(1.4) pts
% of Net earned premiums63.5 %71.1 %(7.6) pts
Less:
Current year catastrophe losses$332 $955 $(623)
Prior year reserve (favorable)/unfavorable development (420)(244)(176)
Underlying loss and LAE (1)
$4,536 $3,231 $1,305 
% of Gross earned premiums49.0 %40.5 %8.5 pts
% of Net earned premiums64.8 %58.3 %6.5 pts
(1) Underlying loss and LAE is a non-GAAP measure and is reconciled above to net loss and LAE, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures presented in this document is in the "Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures" section of this Form 10-Q.


The calculations of our expense ratios are shown below.
Three Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Policy acquisition costs$2,052 $1,994 $58 
Operating and underwriting328 718 (390)
General and administrative126 120 6 
Total Operating Expenses$2,506 $2,832 $(326)
% of Gross earned premiums27.1 %35.5 %(8.4) pts
% of Net earned premiums35.8 %51.1 %(15.3) pts

Loss and LAE attributable to IIC increased by $506,000, or 12.8%, to $4,448,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $3,942,000 for the third quarter of 2023. Loss and LAE expense as a percentage of net earned premiums decreased 7.6 pts to 63.5% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to 71.1% for the third quarter of 2023. Excluding catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development, our gross underlying loss and LAE ratio for the third quarter of 2024 would have been 49.0%, an increase of 8.5 pts from 40.5% during the third quarter of 2023.

Policy acquisition costs attributable to IIC remained relatively flat, increasing by $58,000, or 2.9%, to $2,052,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $1,994,000 for the third quarter of 2023.

Operating and underwriting expenses attributable to IIC decreased by $390,000, or 54.3%, to $328,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $718,000 for the third quarter of 2023.

General and administrative expenses attributable to IIC remained relatively flat, increasing by $6,000, or 5.0%, to $126,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $120,000 for the third quarter of 2023.






44
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION

IIC Year over Year Results

Net loss attributable to IIC for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $2,047,000, or 74.9%, to $685,000 from $2,732,000 for the same period in 2023. The details of the revenues and expenses that drove this change have been outlined below.

Revenue

IIC gross written premiums increased $3,830,000, or 14.0%, to $31,261,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $27,431,000 for the same period in 2023. This increase was driven primarily by rate increases and underwriting actions making their way through the book of business during 2024. The change in IIC gross written premiums and new and renewal policies quarter-over-quarter can be seen below.

($ in thousands)Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Direct Written Premium$31,261 $27,431 $3,830 
Total gross written premium$31,261 $27,431 $3,830 
New and Renewal Policies (1)
15,911 16,031 (120)
(1) Only includes new and renewal homeowner and dwelling fire policies written during the year.

Expenses

Expenses attributable to IIC for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $3,318,000, or 17.8%, to $22,010,000 from $18,692,000 for the same period in 2023. The increase in expenses was primarily due to an increase in our loss and LAE incurred during 2024, driven by increased current year non-catastrophe losses incurred. The details of these changes can be seen below.

The calculations of our loss ratios and underlying loss ratios are shown below.
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Net loss and LAE$13,767 $11,123 $2,644 
% of Gross earned premiums51.8 %48.7 %3.1 pts
% of Net earned premiums70.4 %83.1 %(12.7) pts
Less:
Current year catastrophe losses$1,036 $1,813 $(777)
Prior year reserve favorable development (909)(453)(456)
Underlying loss and LAE (1)
$13,640 $9,763 $3,877 
% of Gross earned premiums51.3 %42.7 %8.6 pts
% of Net earned premiums69.8 %73.0 %(3.2) pts
(1) Underlying loss and LAE is a non-GAAP measure and is reconciled above to net loss and LAE, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures presented in this document is in the "Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures" section of this Form 10-Q.






45
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
The calculations of our expense ratios are shown below.
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Policy acquisition costs$6,234 $5,819 $415 
Operating and underwriting1,091 1,279 (188)
General and administrative918 471 447 
Total Operating Expenses$8,243 $7,569 $674 
% of Gross earned premiums31.0 %33.1 %(2.1) pts
% of Net earned premiums42.2 %56.6 %(14.4) pts

Loss and LAE attributable to IIC increased $2,644,000, or 23.8%, to $13,767,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $11,123,000 for the same period in 2023. Loss and LAE expense as a percentage of net earned premiums decreased 12.7 pts to 70.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 83.1% for the same period in 2023. Excluding catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development, our gross underlying loss and LAE ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 51.3%, an increase of 8.6 pts from 42.7% during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Policy acquisition costs attributable to IIC increased $415,000, or 7.1%, to $6,234,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $5,819,000 for the same period in 2023. The primary driver of the increase was an increase in agent commissions and credit card fees of $286,000 and $235,000, respectively, both of which vary with changes in gross written premium year-over-year.

Operating and underwriting expenses attributable to IIC decreased $188,000, or 14.7%, to $1,091,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $1,279,000 for the same period in 2023.

General and administrative expenses attributable to IIC increased $447,000, or 94.9%, to $918,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $471,000 for the same period in 2023, driven by an increase in salary-related expenses of $371,000 and an increase in external professional service costs, such as legal and audit fees, totaling $96,000.

46
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - COMPARISON OF THE THREE MONTH PERIODS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 AND 2023

ACIC net income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $17,551,000, or 166.1%, to net income of $28,119,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $10,568,000 for the same period in 2023. Of this income, $27,669,000 is attributable to continuing operations for the three months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $12,654,000 from $15,015,000 for the same period in 2023. Quarter-over-quarter revenues increased, driven by a decrease in ceded premiums earned, and increases in net investment income and unrealized gains on equity securities. This was offset by increased expenses quarter-over-quarter, driven by an increase in policy acquisition costs and general and administrative expenses. In addition, the Company's provision for income taxes increased quarter-over-quarter. The Company's income from discontinued operations, also contributed to this change in net income, increasing $4,897,000 quarter-over-quarter, as the deconsolidation of UPC is not impacting the Company in 2024.

Revenue

Our gross written premiums remained relatively flat, decreasing $970,000, or 1.0%, to $93,016,000 for the third quarter ended September 30, 2024 from $93,986,000 for the same period in 2023. The breakdown of the quarter-over-quarter changes in both direct written and assumed premiums by state, gross written premium by line of business and new and renewal policies by state are shown in the tables below.

($ in thousands)Three Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Direct Written and Assumed Premium by State
Florida $93,016 $93,965 $(949)
New York— — — 
Total direct written premium by state93,016 93,965 (949)
Assumed premium (1)
— 21 (21)
Total gross written premium by state$93,016 $93,986 $(970)
Gross Written Premium by Line of Business
Commercial property$93,016 $93,986 $(970)
Personal property— — — 
Total gross written premium by line of business$93,016 $93,986 $(970)
(1) Assumed premium written for 2023 included commercial property business assumed from unaffiliated insurers.


Three Months Ended September 30,
New and Renewal Policies(1) by State
20242023Change
Florida626 629 (3)
New York— — — 
Total626 629 (3)
(1) Only includes new and renewal homeowner, commercial and dwelling fire policies written during the quarter.














47
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
Expenses

Expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $11,834,000, or 34.6%, to $46,072,000 from $34,238,000 for the same period in 2023. The increase in expenses was primarily due to an increase in policy acquisition costs. General and administrative expenses and losses and LAE incurred also increased, while operating expenses remained relatively flat. The details of these changes can be seen below.

The calculations of our loss ratios and underlying loss ratios are shown below.
Three Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Net loss and LAE$11,774 $9,822 $1,952 
% of Gross earned premiums7.4 %6.2 %1.2 pts
% of Net earned premiums15.8 %19.5 %(3.7) pts
Less:
Current year catastrophe losses$4,953 $4,891 $62 
Prior year reserve favorable development (1,357)(3,105)1,748 
Underlying loss and LAE (1)
$8,178 $8,036 $142 
% of Gross earned premiums5.1 %5.1 %— pts
% of Net earned premiums11.0 %16.0 %(5.0) pts
(1) Underlying loss and LAE is a non-GAAP measure and is reconciled above to net loss and LAE, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures presented in this document is in the "Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures" section of this Form 10-Q.

The calculations of our expense ratios are shown below.
Three Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Policy acquisition costs$20,942 $13,606 $7,336 
Operating and underwriting2,115 2,081 34 
General and administrative8,174 6,011 2,163 
Total Operating Expenses$31,231 $21,698 $9,533 
% of Gross earned premiums19.5 %13.8 %5.7 pts
% of Net earned premiums41.9 %43.2 %(1.3) pts

Loss and LAE increased by $1,952,000, or 19.9%, to $11,774,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $9,822,000 for the third quarter of 2023. Loss and LAE expense as a percentage of net earned premiums decreased 3.7 points to 15.8% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to 19.5% for the third quarter of 2023. Excluding catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development, our gross underlying loss and LAE ratio for the third quarter of 2024 would have been 5.1%, unchanged from the third quarter of 2023.

Policy acquisition costs increased by $7,336,000, or 53.9%, to $20,942,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $13,606,000 for the third quarter of 2023, primarily due to a decrease in reinsurance ceding commission income of $9,149,000, driven by our commercial lines quota share coverage cession rate change from 40% to 20%, effective June 1, 2024. This was partially offset by a $1,857,000 increase in management fees attributable to our commercial property premiums.

Operating and underwriting expenses remained relatively flat, increasing by $34,000, or 1.6%, to $2,115,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $2,081,000 for the third quarter of 2023.

General and administrative expenses increased by $2,163,000, or 36.0%, to $8,174,000 for the third quarter of 2024 from $6,011,000 for the third quarter of 2023, driven by a $1,963,000 increase in overhead costs, such as amortization of capitalized software, and a $499,000 increase in salary-related expenses.




48
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - COMPARISON OF THE NINE MONTH PERIODS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 AND 2023

ACIC net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $224,855,000, or 76.1%, to $70,772,000 from $295,627,000 for the same period in 2023. Of this income, $70,451,000 is attributable to continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $2,627,000 from $67,824,000 for the same period in 2023. Year-over-year revenues increased 2%, driven by an increase in gross premiums earned and investment income, partially offset by an increase in ceded premiums earned. This was offset by lower expenses year-over-year, driven by a decrease in policy acquisition costs and loss and LAE incurred, partially offset by increased general and administrative expenses. In addition, the Company's provision for income taxes increased year-over-year. The Company's income from discontinued operations decreased $227,482,000 year-over-year as the deconsolidation of UPC is not impacting the Company in 2024. The divestiture of UPC in 2023 drove a gain of $238,440,000 that was non-recurring.

Revenue

Our gross written premiums remained relatively flat, increasing $383,000, or 0.1%, to $507,066,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $507,449,000 for the same period in 2023. The breakdown of the year-over-year changes in both direct written and assumed premiums by state, gross written premium by line of business and new and renewal policies by state are shown in the tables below.

($ in thousands)Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Direct Written and Assumed Premium by State (1)
Florida$507,066 $507,342 $(276)
New York— — — 
Texas— (9)9 
Total direct written premium by region507,066 507,333 (267)
Assumed premium (2)
— 116 (116)
Total gross written premium by region$507,066 $507,449 $(383)
Gross Written Premium by Line of Business
Commercial property507,066 507,449 (383)
Personal property$— $— $— 
Total gross written premium by line of business$507,066 $507,449 $(383)
(1) We are no longer writing in Texas as of May 31, 2022.
(2) Assumed premium written for 2023 included commercial property business assumed from unaffiliated insurers.


Nine Months Ended September 30,
New and Renewal Policies (1) By State
20242023Change
Florida3,015 3,243 (228)
New York— — — 
Total3,015 3,243 (228)
(1) Only includes new and renewal homeowner, commercial and dwelling fire policies written during the quarter.










49
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION

Expenses

Expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $11,728,000, or 8.5%, to $126,692,000 from $138,420,000 for the same period in 2023. The decrease in expenses was primarily due to a decrease in policy acquisition costs and loss & LAE incurred year-over-year. This was partially offset by increased general and administrative expenses year-over-year. The details of these changes can be seen below.
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Net loss and LAE$39,525 $39,968 $(443)
% of Gross earned premiums8.3 %9.0 %(0.7) pts
% of Net earned premiums19.7 %18.8 %0.9 pts
Less:
Current year catastrophe losses$5,156 $13,189 $(8,033)
Prior year reserve favorable development(2,379)(11,212)8,833 
Underlying loss and LAE (1)
$36,748 $37,991 $(1,243)
% of Gross earned premiums7.7 %8.5 %(0.8) pts
% of Net earned premiums18.3 %17.8 %0.5 pts
(1) Underlying loss and LAE is a non-GAAP measure and is reconciled above to net loss and LAE, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures presented in this document is in the "Definitions of Non-GAAP Measures" section of this Form 10-Q.

The calculations of our expense ratios are shown below.
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023Change
Policy acquisition costs$44,476 $62,298 $(17,822)
Operating and underwriting6,492 6,962 (470)
General and administrative26,987 21,036 5,951 
Total operating expenses$77,955 $90,296 $(12,341)
% of Gross earned premiums16.4 %20.3 %(3.9) pts
% of Net earned premiums38.9 %42.4 %(3.5) pts

Loss and LAE decreased $443,000, or 1.1%, to $39,525,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $39,968,000 for the same period in 2023. Loss and LAE expense as a percentage of net earned premiums increased 0.9 points to 19.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 18.8% for the same period in 2023. Excluding catastrophe losses and prior year reserve development, our gross underlying loss and LAE ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 7.7%, a decrease of 0.8 points from 8.5% during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Policy acquisition costs decreased $17,822,000, or 28.6%, to $44,476,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $62,298,000 for the same period in 2023. The primary driver of the decrease was an increase in reinsurance ceding commission income earned in 2024 of $16,188,000, driven by our commercial lines quota share coverage effective June 1, 2023.

Operating and underwriting expenses decreased $470,000, or 6.8%, to $6,492,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $6,962,000 for the same period in 2023, primarily due to a decrease of $1,223,000 in overhead costs such as rent, printing, postage, utilities and computer software and service costs year-over-year as a result of cost-saving initiatives. This was partially offset by increased underwriting costs totaling $754,000 year-over-year.

General and administrative expenses increased $5,951,000, or 28.3%, to $26,987,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $21,036,000 for the same period in 2023, driven by a $3,584,000 increase in overhead costs such as amortization of capitalized software and salaries. In addition, external legal and audit fees increased $1,587,000 year-over-year.




50
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

We generate cash through premium collections, reinsurance recoveries, investment income, the sale or maturity of invested assets, the incurrence of debt and the issuance of additional shares of our stock. We use our cash to pay reinsurance premiums, claims and related costs, policy acquisition costs, salaries and employee benefits, other expenses and stockholder dividends, acquire subsidiaries and pay associated costs, as well as to repay debts, repurchase stock and purchase investments.

As a holding company, we do not conduct any business operations of our own and, as a result, we rely on cash dividends or intercompany loans from our management subsidiaries to pay our general and administrative expenses. Insurance regulatory authorities heavily regulate our insurance subsidiaries, including restricting any dividends paid by our insurance subsidiaries and requiring approval of any management fees our insurance subsidiaries pay to our management subsidiaries for services rendered; however, nothing restricts our non-insurance company subsidiaries from paying us dividends other than state corporate laws regarding solvency. Our management subsidiaries pay us dividends primarily using cash from the collection of management fees from our insurance subsidiaries, pursuant to the management agreements in effect between those entities. In accordance with state laws, our insurance subsidiaries may pay dividends or make distributions out of that part of their statutory surplus derived from their net operating profit and their net realized capital gains. The Risk-Based Capital (RBC) guidelines published by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners may further restrict our insurance subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or make distributions if the amount of the intended dividend or distribution would cause their respective surplus as it regards policyholders to fall below minimum RBC guidelines. See Note 13 in our Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company made capital contributions of $1,265,000 to its reinsurance subsidiary, UPC Re. We may make future contributions of capital to our insurance subsidiaries as circumstances require. The Company made no capital contributions to its subsidiaries during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

In September 2023, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “Agreement”) with Raymond James & Associates, Inc., as agent (the “Agent”), of up to 8,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Shares”). Sales of the Shares under the Agreement will be made in sales deemed to be “at the market offerings”. The Agent is not required to sell any specific amount of Shares but has agreed to act as the Company’s sales agent for a commission equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sales of the Shares. As of September 30, 2024, 4,373,000 shares had been sold under the Agreement resulting in commissions paid of approximately $1,181,000 and net proceeds of approximately $38,190,000. The Agreement will terminate upon the issuance and sale of all Shares subject to the Agreement, or the Agreement may be suspended or discontinued at any time.


Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in millions)
505152

51
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION

Operating Activities

The principal cash inflows from our operating activities come from premium collections, reinsurance recoveries and investment income. The principal cash outflows from our operating activities are the result of claims and related costs, reinsurance premiums, policy acquisition costs and salaries and employee benefits. A primary liquidity concern with respect to these cash flows is the risk of large magnitude catastrophe events.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we experienced cash inflows of $241,907,000 compared to cash outflows of $184,889,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. This change was driven by normal business operations, such as premium collections. Claims payments were offset by reinsurance recovery collections, with the net inflow from these activities totaling approximately $18,176,000. In addition, during the first quarter of 2023, we disposed of UPC, resulting in a gain on disposal adjustment of $238,440,000. There was no similar transaction in 2024.

Investing Activities

The principal cash inflows from our investing activities come from repayments of principal, proceeds from maturities and sales of investments. We closely monitor and manage these risks through our comprehensive investment risk management process. The principal cash outflows relate to sales of investments. The primary liquidity concerns with respect to these cash flows are the risk of default by debtors and market disruption. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net purchases of investments totaled $162,893,000 compared to net sales of investments of $263,877,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. These net sales in 2023 were offset by the disposition of $232,582,000 in cash related to the receivership of UPC.

Financing Activities

The principal cash outflows from our financing activities come from repayments of debt and payments of dividends. The primary liquidity concern with respect to these cash flows is market disruption in the cost and availability of credit. We believe our current capital resources, together with cash provided from our operations, are sufficient to meet currently anticipated working capital requirements. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, cash provided by financing activities totaled $11,621,000, compared to $38,000 provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in inflow in 2024 is attributed to the proceeds received from the issuance of our common stock, primarily under our at the market program described above.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

At September 30, 2024, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements or material changes to our contractual obligations during the quarter.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks, including interest rate risk related to changes in interest rates in our fixed-maturity securities, credit risk related to changes in the financial condition of the issuers of our fixed-maturities and equity price risk related to changes in equity security prices. These risks are disclosed in Part II, Item 7A. "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

We held no equity securities as of December 31, 2023. During the first quarter of 2024, we began investing in equity securities. As of September 30, 2024, our equity portfolio consists of mutual funds totaling $25,950,000. We had no other material changes in our market risk during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

We maintain a set of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. We designed our disclosure controls with the objective of ensuring we accumulate and communicate this information to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

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Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operations of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on our evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting described below.

Existence of Material Weakness as of March 31, 2023

During the second quarter of 2023, the Company identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting related to the reporting of the discontinued operations as of March 31, 2023. Specifically, the Company’s controls over the review of significant unusual transactions, including the effects of the transactions on the preparation of the Company's tax provision were not designed effectively. The Company did not have sufficient, experienced accounting resources to effectively review the accounting for and reporting of significant, unusual transactions. As a result of the material weakness, management’s review control did not detect an error in the accounting related to the recording of the discontinued operations and as a result, net income was understated by $6.4 million. In 2023, the Company restated its consolidated interim financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 to reflect the correction of this error.

Remediation Plan

Since identifying the material weakness related to management’s review controls related to significant, unusual and complex transactions in the preparation of the Company's financial statements, management has begun remediation of the process and controls in place to measure and record transactions and their related effects to income tax accounting to enhance the effectiveness of the design and operation of those controls. The Company will focus on the accounting and disclosure for unusual and complex transactions such as discontinued operations and will continue to augment existing staff with additional skilled accounting resources and strengthen the review process to improve the design and operation of financial reporting and corresponding internal controls.

These remediation measures require validation and testing of the design and operating effectiveness of internal control over
a sustained period of financial reporting to reach a determination that the material weakness has been remediated. As we continue to validate and test our internal control over financial reporting, we may determine that additional measures or modifications to the remediation plan are necessary or appropriate.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) identified in connection with the evaluation of our internal control performed during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are involved in routine claims-related legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. We accrue amounts resulting from claims-related legal actions in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses during the period that we determine an unfavorable outcome becomes probable and we can estimate the amounts. Management makes revisions to our estimates based on its analysis of subsequent information that we receive regarding various factors, including: (i) per claim information; (ii) company and industry historical loss experience; (iii) judicial decisions and legal developments in the awarding of damages; and (iv) trends in general economic conditions, including the effects of inflation.

On October 20, 2023, we received notice that the DFS filed a notice of claim and demand for tender of insurance policy limits under our director and officer insurance to carriers participating in our director and officer’s insurance program (the “Claim”). The Claim alleges that former officers and directors of UPC were involved in wrongful acts that resulted in UPCs insolvency and demands immediate tender of our director and officer’s policy limit of $40,000,000 where we have a retention of $1,500,000. The former directors and officers of UPC deny the allegations. Although no litigation has arisen from the Claim, litigation is anticipated. The directors and officers plan to vigorously defend against the Claim; however, due to our indemnification obligation, during 2023 we accrued the policy retention amount of $1,500,000. This claim remains open as of September 30, 2024.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I. Item 1A "Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, except as set forth below.

The insurance industry is heavily regulated and further restrictive regulation may reduce our profitability and limit our growth.

The insurance industry is extensively regulated and supervised. Insurance regulatory authorities generally design insurance rules and regulations to protect the interests of policyholders, and not necessarily the interests of insurers, their stockholders, and other investors. This regulation relates to authorization for lines of business, capital and surplus requirements, investment limitations, underwriting limitations, transactions with affiliates, dividend limitations, changes in control, premium rates and a variety of other financial and non-financial components of an insurance company's business. We are subject to comprehensive regulation and supervision by state insurance departments in Florida and New York, the states in which our insurance subsidiaries are domiciled, as well as all states in which they are licensed. The regulations of each state are unique and complex and subject to change, and certain states may have regulations that conflict with the regulations of other states in which we operate. As a result, we are subject to the risk that compliance with the regulations in one state may not result in compliance with the regulations in another state.

We strive to maintain all required licenses and approvals. However, we may not fully comply with the wide variety of applicable laws and regulations. The relevant authority's interpretation of the laws and regulations also may change from time to time. Regulatory authorities have relatively broad discretion to impose fines, and grant, renew or revoke licenses and approvals. If we do not have the required licenses and approvals or do not comply with applicable regulatory requirements, these authorities could preclude or temporarily suspend us from carrying on some or all of our activities or impose substantial fines. In addition, we may face individual and class action lawsuits by insured and other parties for alleged violations of certain of these laws or regulations.

State statutes and administrative rules generally require each insurance company to register with the department of insurance in its state of domicile and to furnish information concerning the operations of the companies within the holding company system. Failure to comply with such requirements may materially affect the operations, management or financial condition of the insurers. As part of its registration, each insurance company must identify material agreements, relationships and transactions with affiliates, including loans, investments, asset transfers, transactions outside of the ordinary course of business, certain management, service, and cost sharing agreements, reinsurance transactions, dividends, and other financial and non-financial components of an insurer’s business. Some states impose restrictions or require prior regulatory approval of specific corporate actions, which may adversely affect our ability to operate, innovate, obtain necessary rate adjustments in a timely manner or grow our business profitably. For example, the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation (the “Office”) notified our subsidiary, American Coastal Insurance Company and its officers and directors, that it was required to show why those officers and directors were not a substantial contributing cause of the insolvency of our former subsidiary, United Property & Casualty Insurance Company, pursuant to section 624.4073 Fla. Stat., which prohibits officers and directors of insolvent insurers from serving as officers or directors of another insurer unless that officer or director demonstrates that their actions or omissions were not a significant contributing cause of the insolvency. We have been in discussions with the Office and continue working with the Office on this issue. Our ability to comply with these laws and regulations, and to obtain necessary regulatory action in a timely manner is, and will continue to be, critical to our success.

Currently, the federal government’s role in regulating or dictating the policies of insurance companies is limited. However, from time to time Congress has considered and may in the future consider proposals that would increase the role of the federal government in insurance regulation, either in addition to or in lieu of state regulation. For example, the Dodd-Frank Act established a Federal Insurance Office (FIO) within the U.S. Department of Treasury Department to collect data on the insurance industry, recommend changes to the state system of insurance regulation and preempt certain state insurance laws. The potential impact on our business as a result of the Dodd-Frank Act and the FIO’s current and future recommendations remains unclear; however, the implementation of any federal insurance regulations that constrain our business opportunities or reduce investment flexibility could negatively impact our business.

In recent years, the state insurance regulatory framework has come under increased federal scrutiny. Changes in federal legislation, regulation and/or administrative policies in several areas, including changes in financial services regulation
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and federal taxation, could negatively affect the insurance industry and us. In addition, Congress and some federal agencies from time to time investigate the current condition of insurance regulation in the United States to determine whether to impose federal or national regulation or to allow an optional federal charter, similar to the option available to most banks. Further, the NAIC and state insurance regulators continually reexamine existing laws and regulations, specifically focusing on modifications to holding company regulations, interpretations of existing laws and the development of new laws and regulations. We cannot predict what effect, if any, proposed or future legislation or NAIC initiatives may have on the manner in which we conduct our business.

As part of potential, or future, industry-wide investigations, we may from time to time receive requests for information from government agencies and authorities at the state or federal level. If we are subpoenaed for information by government agencies and authorities, potential outcomes could include law enforcement proceedings or settlements resulting in fines, penalties and/or changes in business practices that could cause a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, these investigations may result in changes to laws and regulations affecting the industry.

Changes to insurance laws or regulations, or new insurance laws and regulations, may be more restrictive than current laws or regulations and could significantly increase our compliance costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and our prospects for future growth. Additionally, our failure to comply with certain provisions of applicable insurance laws and regulations could result in significant fines or penalties being levied against us and may cause a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we did not sell any unregistered equity securities or repurchase any of our equity securities.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed or furnished herewith or are incorporated herein by reference:
Exhibit  Description
Second Certificate of Amendment to American Coastal Insurance Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation
(included as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K filed on July 14, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.)
First Amendment to American Coastal Insurance Corporation’s Amended and Restated Bylaws (included as
Exhibit 3.2 to Form 8-K filed on July 14, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.)
  Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
  Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
  Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
  Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101).

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
AMERICAN COASTAL INSURANCE CORPORATION
  
November 12, 2024By:/s/ R. Daniel Peed
 R. Daniel Peed, Chief Executive Officer
 (principal executive officer and duly authorized officer)
 
November 12, 2024By:/s/ Svetlana Castle
 Svetlana Castle, Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)



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