本登録者が、前述の12か月間(あるいは登録者が当該報告書を提出しなければならなかった短い期間)において、証券取引法第13条または15条(d)で定められた提出すべき報告書を全て提出したかどうかをチェックマークで示し、(2) 本登録者が過去90日間にわたってその提出要件に従っていたかどうかを示します。Yesx いいえ o
規則405に基づき提出が必要なすべてのインタラクティブファイルを、申請者が前12か月間(またはこの期間より短い場合、申請者がそのようなファイルを提出する必要があった期間)に電子的に提出したかどうかを チェックマークで示してください。Yesx いいえ o
2024年5月、会社はMobilization Funding II, LLC(「Mobilization II LOC」)との間で企業保証契約(「保証」)を締結し、最大$までのLOCを設立しました。0.6 財務年度2024年の第2四半期に、光ファイバー部門はMobilization II LOCの下で約$借入れました。0.6 Mobilization II LOCは、360日年度を基準にして計算された%の年利率で実効金利を持ち、利息は満期時に支払われます。 57.0 元本と発生した利息は2024年10月31日に支払期日となりました。2024年9月30日現在、会社はMobilization II LOCを全額返済しており、今後の借入れはありません。
2024年5月、当社はMobilization Funding, LLC(「Mobilization」)との間で企業保証契約(「保証」)を締結し、約$0.6百万をNote 5で説明されたMobilization Note II LOCの一部として借り入れました。保証の一環として、当社はファイバーオプティクス部門の主たる債務者となり、保証の下で借り入れた全額と利息の返済に責任を負うことに合意しました。2024年9月30日現在、Mobilization Note II LOCの下のすべての金額は返済され、保証は終了しました。
(a)The Corporate and Other are expenses that are not currently allocated among our Smart Windows division, Fiber Optics division, Slant Wells group and Element 82.
30
For the nine months ended September 30, 2023
Smart Windows
Fiber Optics
Slant Wells
Element 82
Corporate and Other(a)
Total
Revenue
$
—
$
59
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
59
Cost of revenue
—
54
—
—
—
54
Gross (loss) profit
—
5
—
—
—
5
Operating expenses:
Research and development
1,523
—
—
—
—
1,523
General and administrative
—
3,381
—
—
7,545
10,926
Total operating expenses
1,523
3,381
—
—
7,545
12,449
Loss from operations
(1,523)
(3,376)
—
—
(7,545)
(12,444)
Other income (expense), net:
Interest expense
—
(10)
—
—
(6,960)
(6,970)
Loss on extinguishment of warrant liability
—
—
—
—
(504)
(504)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
—
—
—
—
(2,345)
(2,345)
Gain on issuance of convertible notes
—
—
—
—
64
64
Change in fair value of warrants
—
—
—
—
10,424
10,424
Change in fair value of notes
—
—
—
—
(7,040)
(7,040)
Change in fair value of derivative liability
—
—
—
—
401
401
Other expense, net
—
—
—
—
(1,264)
(1,264)
Total other expense, net
—
(10)
—
—
(7,224)
(7,234)
Net loss
$
(1,523)
$
(3,386)
—
$
—
$
(14,769)
$
(19,678)
(a)The Corporate and Other are expenses that are not currently allocated among our Smart Windows division, Fiber Optics division, Slant Wells group and Element 82.
31
The following table presents long-lived assets by segment (in thousands):
As of September 30
As of December 31
2024
2023
Smart Windows
$
2,110
$
2,490
Fiber Optics
$
2,632
$
2,021
Slant Wells
$
802
$
—
Element 82
$
985
$
—
32
Note 12 – Subsequent Events
From October 10, 2024 through November 14, 2024, the Company issued and sold under the at-the-market offering a total of 1,463,800 shares, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $1.9 million. After accounting for commissions and expenses totaling $56,000, net proceeds from these sales amounted to approximately $1.8 million. These shares were issued at a weighted-average price of $1.28 per share.
On October 15, 2024, the Company amended its prospectus supplement, initially dated March 30, 2022, to increase the maximum aggregate offering price of its common stock available for sale through its sales agent, Alliance Global Partners ("A.G.P"), under the existing Sales Agreement. This amendment permits the Company to offer and sell additional shares, and raises the total maximum aggregate offering price to $63 million, of which approximately $13 million in gross proceeds has already been realized. Additionally, the amendment includes the registration of an extra $50 million in common stock for issuance through A.G.P., per the terms of the Sales Agreement.
On October 15, 2024, the Company filed a registration statement to resell up to 20,000,000 shares of common stock by Liqueous, LP in connection with its ELOC pursuant to a Common Stock Purchase Agreement dated August 31, 2024.
From October 1, 2024 through October 28, 2024, the Company drew upon its ELOC and issued 1,187,971 shares of common stock at a weighted-average price of $0.91 per share, which resulted in net proceeds of approximately $1.0 million after commissions, fees, and offering costs of $32,000.
33
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed below. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this report. All references to "we", "us", "our", "Crown" or the "Company" refer to Crown Electrokinetics Corp.
As an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, we can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We are electing to delay our adoption of such new or revised accounting standards. As a result of this election, our condensed consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to the condensed financial statements of other public companies.
Overview
Crown Electrokinetics Corp. was incorporated in the State of Delaware on April 20, 2015, originally under the name 3D Nanocolor Corp. On October 6, 2017, we changed our name to Crown Electrokinetics Corp. to reflect our focus on pioneering electrokinetic technology which is the core of our Smart Windows division, revolves around the commercialization of smart or dynamic glass solutions. Our proprietary electrokinetic glass technology, which is an innovation derived from microfluidic advancements originally developed by HP Inc., offers groundbreaking applications for energy-efficient smart windows in various sectors.
In addition to the Smart Windows division, the Company has strategically diversified its operations with the creation of the Fiber Optics division and Water Solutions division, which includes Element 82 and the Slant Wells groups. The Fiber Optics division was established following the acquisition of Amerigen 7 assets, which focused on 5G fiber optics infrastructure. Through Crown Fiber Optics Corp. ("Crown Fiber Optics") we offer contracting services for the design, engineering, and construction of both aerial and underground fiber optic networks. As demand for higher telecommunications bandwidth continues to surge, this division aims to expand through selective market share growth, potential acquisitions, and the use of cutting-edge equipment such as micro trenchers to enhance efficiency and service delivery.
Our Water Solutions division includes the Slant Wells group and Element 82, a wholly-owned subsidiary specializing in lead detection and remediation. The Slant Wells group specializes in the construction of slant wells for the provision of ocean water to desalination plants that in turn provide fresh water to the planned development sites.
Our expansion further includes the integration of Paramount Network Construction Inc. ("Paramount") and PE Pipelines Inc. ("PE Pipelines") each a wholly-owned subsidiary contributing specialized expertise in essential infrastructure projects.
Paramount incorporated in 2024, focuses on network construction, providing robust solutions to expand our telecommunications and data infrastructure capabilities and will be reported through the Fiber Optics division.
PE Pipelines will be reported through our Water Solutions division and brings a dedicated focus on water infrastructure, particularly in lead service line replacement. Established in 2024, PE Pipelines partners with municipal water authorities to ensure safe and modernized water systems, especially in communities impacted by outdated piping systems.
Together, the Company's Smart Windows, Fiber Optics, and Water Solutions divisions create a multifaceted business positioned to deliver innovative solutions across multiple industries.
Reverse Stock Split
On June 14, 2024, our board of directors authorized a reverse stock split (“June 2024 Reverse Stock Split”) at an exchange ratio of one-for-150 basis. The June 2024 Reverse Stock Split was effective on June 25, 2024, such that every 150 shares of common stock were automatically converted into one share of common stock. We did not issue fractional certificates for post-reverse split common stock shares in connection with the June 2024 Reverse Stock Split. All shares of common stock that were held by a common stockholder were aggregated and each common stockholder was entitled to receive the number
34
of whole common stock shares resulting from the combination of the aggregated common stock shares. Any fractions resulting the reverse split computation were rounded up to the next whole common stock share amount.
The number of authorized shares and the par value of the common stock was not adjusted. In connection with the June 2024 Reverse Stock Split, the conversion ratio for our outstanding convertible preferred stock was proportionately adjusted such that the common stock issuable upon conversion of such preferred stock was decreased in proportion. All references to common stock and options to purchase common stock share data, per share data and related information contained in the condensed consolidated financial statements have been adjusted to reflect the effect of the June 2024 Reverse Stock Split.
Preferred Stock Conversions
In May 2024, the Company executed amendments to the conversion terms of its Series A, Series B, and Series C preferred stock to incentivize conversion into common stock, resulting in an induced conversion that was recognized as a deemed dividend. In addition, holders of Series F, F-1, and F-2 preferred stock exercised an Alternate Conversion option due to specific triggering events, such as missed registration and dividend payments, which allowed conversion at an alternate price. These conversions led to a reclassification adjustment to additional paid-in capital, with no net impact on stockholders’ equity as of September 30, 2024.
35
Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024
2023
Change
2024
2023
Change
Revenue
$
8,037
$
—
$
8,037
$
13,367
$
59
$
13,308
Cost of revenue
6,623
—
6,623
12,442
54
12,388
Gross profit
1,414
—
1,414
925
5
920
Operating expenses:
Research and development
720
492
228
1,945
1,523
422
General and administrative
6,507
2,941
3,566
13,405
10,926
2,479
Total operating expenses
7,227
3,433
3,794
15,350
12,449
2,901
Loss from operations
(5,813)
(3,433)
(2,380)
(14,425)
(12,444)
(1,981)
Other income (expense), net:
Interest expense
—
(2,445)
2,445
(1,001)
(6,970)
5,969
Loss on extinguishment of warrant liability
—
—
—
—
(504)
504
Loss on extinguishment of debt
—
—
—
—
(2,345)
2,345
Gain on issuance of convertible notes
—
—
—
—
64
(64)
Change in fair value of warrants
—
2,688
(2,688)
—
10,424
(10,424)
Change in fair value of notes
—
(40)
40
—
(7,040)
7,040
Change in fair value of derivative liability
—
401
(401)
—
401
(401)
Other expense, net
(51)
(30)
(21)
(79)
(1,264)
1,185
Total other income (expense), net
(51)
574
(625)
(1,080)
(7,234)
6,154
Net loss
$
(5,864)
$
(2,859)
$
(3,005)
$
(15,505)
$
(19,678)
$
4,173
Revenue
Revenue is generated by the Fiber Optics division, Slant Wells group and Element 82, and was $8.0 million and zero for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 and $13.4 million and $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.The increase in revenue of $8.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, is due to new contracts the Company entered into with new subcontractors under the Fiber Optics division, and the new Slant Wells group and Element 82 businesses.
The increase in revenue of $13.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, is due to new contracts the Company entered into with new subcontractors under the Fiber Optics division, and the new Slant Wells and Element 82 businesses.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue is generated by the Fiber Optics division, Slant Wells group, and Element 82 and was $6.6 million and zero for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023 and $12.4 million and $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
36
The increase in cost of revenue of $6.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023, is primarily due to increases in subcontractor labor of $3.8 million, equipment rental cost and depreciation of $1.4 million and other costs related to supplies, insurance, materials and maintenance of $1.0 million and compensation and benefits costs of $0.4 million.
The increase in cost of revenue of $12.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, is primarily due to increases in subcontractor labor of $7.0 million, equipment rental cost and depreciation of $2.8 million, compensation and benefit costs of $1.4 million, other costs related to supplies, materials and maintenance of $0.6 million and insurance of $0.4 million.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses were $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase of $0.2 million is primarily related to an increase in salaries and benefits.
Research and development expenses were $1.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $1.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The increase of $0.4 million is primarily related to an increase in salaries and benefits.
General and Administrative
General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses were $6.5 million and $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $3.6 million increase in G&A expenses is primarily due increases in stock compensation expense of $2.1 million, compensation and benefits related to wages of $0.8 million, professional fees of $0.4 million, rent expense of $0.2 million and other expenses of $0.1 million.
G&A expenses were $13.4 million and $10.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $2.5 million increase in G&A expenses is primarily due to increases in stock compensation expense of $4.2 million and other expenses of $0.1 million offset by reductions in professional fees $1.1 million, disposal of assets of $0.4 million, and compensation and benefits related to wages of $0.3 million.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was zero and $2.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease of $2.4 million is primarily related to no amortization of deferred debt issuance costs recorded for the Company's standby letter of credit ("SLOC") due it being used up and a decrease in amortization of the deferred debt issuance costs related to the Company's equity line of credit ("ELOC").
Interest expense was $1.0 million and $7.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease of $6.0 million is primarily related to no amortization of deferred debt issuance cost recorded for the Company's SLOC due it being used up and a decrease in amortization of the deferred debt issuance cost related to the Company's ELOC.
Loss on Extinguishment of Warrant Liability
There was no loss on extinguishment of warrant liability for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
The loss on extinguishment of warrant liability was zero and $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The loss on extinguishment of warrant liability of $0.5 million is related to a warrant inducement and exercise agreement with certain holders in connection with the previously outstanding convertible notes issued in fiscal year 2022.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
There was no loss on extinguishment of debt for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Loss on extinguishment of debt was zero and $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease is primarily related to repayments of all debt related to our SLOC. The prior period amount of
37
$2.3 million related to costs incurred during the early repayment, restructuring, and refinancing of debt tied to the Company's SLOC.
Gain on Issuance of Convertible Notes
There was no gain on issuance of convertible notes for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Gain on issuance of convertible notes was zero and $0.1 millionfor the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The decrease is primarily related to repayments of all debt related to our SLOC. The prior period gain of $0.1 million resulted from excess of the fair value of the convertible notes over their issuance costs.
Change in Fair Value of Warrants
Change in fair value of warrants was zero and $2.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease is primarily due to a significant decrease in the value for the warrant liability in the prior period while the value of the warrant liability remained flat in the current period.
Change in fair value of warrants was zero and $10.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease is primarily due to change in fair value of warrants that were recorded in prior quarter and none for the current quarter.
Change in Fair Value of Notes Payable
The change in fair value of notes payable was zero and $40,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $40,000 recorded in the prior period was related the fair value gain from the remeasurement on our convertible notes.
The change in fair value of notes payable was zero and $7.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $7.0 million reduction was due to the settlement, conversion, and extinguishment of notes in 2023, resulting in a lower balance of outstanding notes payable during the year ended December 31, 2023, which subsequently required revaluation.
Change in Fair Value of Derivative Liability
Change in fair value of derivative liability was zero and $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease was related to full settlement of the Company's derivatives during the year ended December 31, 2023.
Change in fair value of derivative liability was zero and $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease was related to full settlement of the Company's derivatives during the year ended December 31, 2023.
Other Expense, net
Other expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $0.1 million compared to $30,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase is due to cancellation of warrants in exchange for common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $0.1 million compared to $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The balance for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 primarily related to the amortization of the deferred debt issuance costs related to our LOC. The decrease during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to maturity and expiration of our LOC during the current period.
38
Liquidity and Going Concern
September 30, 2024
September 30, 2023
Change
Cash at the beginning of the period
$
1,059
$
821
$
238
Net cash used in operating activities
(11,762)
(11,809)
47
Net cash used in investing activities
(2,281)
(1,729)
(552)
Net cash provided by financing activities
16,071
14,773
1,298
Cash at the end of the period
$
3,087
$
2,056
$
1,031
As of September 30, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $132.5 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we had a net loss of $15.5 million and used approximately $11.8 million in net cash in operating activities. We expect to continue to incur ongoing administrative and other expenses, including public company expenses.
Equity Lines of Credit
In the first half of 2024, the Company received net proceeds on sales of 1,740,027 shares of common stock of approximately $10.7 million, after deducting commissions and expenses of $0.8 million, at a weighted-average price of $6.93 per share.
During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company received net proceeds on sales of 1,493,000 shares of common stock of approximately $3.6 million, after deducting commissions and expenses of $0.1 million, at a weighted-average price of $2.42 per share.
At-the-Market Offering
In the first half of 2024, the Company received net proceeds on sales of 32,163 shares of common stock under the at-the-market offering of approximately $0.6 million after deducting $28,000 in commissions and expenses. The weighted-average price of the common stock was $19.11 per share.
During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company received net proceeds on sales of 980,294 shares of common stock under the at-the-market offering of approximately $1.2 million after deducting $37,000 in commissions and expenses. The weighted-average price of the common stock was $1.24 per share.
We have obtained additional capital through the sale of debt or equity financings or other arrangements including through our existing at-the-market offering and the ELOC to fund operations; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to raise needed capital under acceptable terms, if at all. The sale of additional equity may dilute existing stockholders and newly issued shares may contain senior rights and preferences compared to currently outstanding shares of common stock. Issued debt securities may contain covenants and limit our ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to stockholders. If we are unable to obtain such additional financing, future operations would need to be scaled back or discontinued. Due to the uncertainty in our ability to raise capital, we believe that there is substantial doubt in our ability to continue as a going concern for twelve months from the issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
Cash Flows
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash used in operating activities was $11.8 million, which primarily consisted of our net loss of $15.5 million, adjusted for non-cash expenses of $7.0 million, which primarily consisted of stock-based compensation of $4.6 million, depreciation and amortization of $0.7 million, amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $1.1 million, and amortization of right-of-use assets of $0.5 million. The net change in operating assets and liabilities was $3.2 million, primarily consisted of an increase in accounts and retention receivables of $4.8 million and contract assets of $0.3 million and a decrease in accrued expenses of $0.3 million and lease liabilities of $0.5 million partially offset by an increase in accounts payable of $2.3 million and contract liabilities of $0.2 million.
39
For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash used in operating activities was $11.8 million, which primarily consisted of our net loss of $19.7 million, adjusted for non-cash expenses of $8.0 million, which primarily consisted of the change in fair value of warrant liability of $10.4 million, change in fair value of derivative liability of $0.4 million, and gain on issuance of convertible notes of $0.1 million, partially offset by change in fair value of notes $7.0 million, amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $6.8 million, loss on extinguishment of debt $2.3 million, amortization of right-of-use assets $0.3 million, loss on extinguishment of warrant liability $0.5 million, stock-based compensation expense of $0.5 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $0.4 million, loss on disposal of equipment $0.4 million, and other expenses of $0.5 million. The net change in operating assets and liabilities was $0.1 million, primarily consisted of a decrease in lease liabilities of $0.4 million, and accrued expenses of $0.6 million, offset by an increase of accounts payable of $0.7 million and a decrease in prepaid and other assets of $0.1 million.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash used in investing activities was approximately $2.3 million, primarily consisting of purchases of property and equipment of $2.1 million and advances on note receivable of $0.2 million.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash used in investing activities was approximately $1.7 million, consisting of cash paid for the acquisition of Amerigen 7 LLC of approximately $0.6 million, and purchases of equipment totaling $1.1 million.
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash provided by financing activities was $16.1 million, primarily consisting of $14.3 million in proceeds from issuance of common stock in connection with equity line of credit, net of offering costs, proceeds from issuance of common stock in connection with at-the-market offerings, net of offering costs of $1.8 million, and proceeds of lines-of-credit of $1.1 million, partially offset by repayments of lines-of-credit of $1.1 million.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by financing activities was $14.8 million, consisting of net proceeds received from the issuance of common stock in connection with our at-the-market offerings, net of offering costs of $3.8 million, proceeds from the exercise of common stock warrants of $2.1 million, net proceeds from the issuance of our notes in connection with a line of credit of $2.4 million, net proceeds from the issuance of senior secured notes of $1.4 million, proceeds from the issuances under our ELOC of $4.5 million, proceeds from the issuance of our Series F-1 preferred stock of $2.3 million, and proceeds from the issuance of our Series F-2 preferred stock of $0.7 million, offset by the repayment of notes payable of $2.3 million.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements during the periods presented, and we do not currently have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the SEC rules and regulations.
Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates
Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, costs and expenses. We base our estimates and assumptions on historical experience and other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our actual results may differ from these estimates.
There are certain critical estimates that require significant judgment in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements. We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if:
•it requires us to make an assumption because information was not available at the time or it included matters that were highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made; and
•changes in the estimate or different estimates that could have been selected may have had a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
40
Our accounting estimates, specifically related to the impairment of long-lived assets, cost-to-cost (input) revenue recognition method and share-based compensation, play a crucial role in our financial reporting. Despite our thorough assessment, we have not identified any recent events or conditions necessitating revisions to our estimates and assumptions that would materially impact the carrying values of our assets or liabilities as of this Form 10-Q’s issuance date. These estimates may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
The use of the cost-to-cost (input) revenue recognition method requires us to make estimates regarding the total costs expected to complete each contract. These estimates are based on historical experience, project-specific factors, and other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The accuracy of these estimates can significantly impact the timing and amount of revenue recognized. Adjustments to estimated costs are made on a continuous basis and recognized in the period in which the revisions are identified. If the estimated total costs exceed the total contract revenue, a provision for the expected loss on the contract is recognized immediately.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for a description of the recent accounting pronouncements applicable to our consolidated financial statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Not required for a smaller reporting company.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as of the end of the period covered by this report, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Act of 1934. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be included in our Securities and Exchange Commission reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, relating to our company, including our consolidated subsidiaries.
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management necessarily applied its judgment in assessing the costs and benefits of such controls and procedures, which, by their nature, can provide only reasonable assurance regarding management’s control objectives.
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"), evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of such date to provide assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosures.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide
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reasonable assurance to our management and board of directors regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP and our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention of overriding controls. Accordingly, even effective internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2024.